1887

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY logo

Volume 45, Issue 3

Classification of Fish-Pathogenic Vibrios Based on Comparative 16S rRNA Analysis Free

Abstract

No systematic classification of fish-pathogenic vibrios has been accomplished previously despite the use of serological, physiological, and genetical classification systems. In this study, a comparative 16S rRNA analysis of 34 strains (representing seven species) of fish-pathogenic vibrios was performed. The 16S rRNA sequences were obtained by using reverse transcriptase. Nearly complete sequences were obtained for nine strains. On the basis of the results of this analysis, the remaining strains were investigated by analyzing selected stretches containing a total of 560 nucleotides. With the exception of a few strains, including ATCC 43313 (serovar 09), our comparative 16S rRNA analysis confirmed that strains preliminarily identified as were phylogenetically closely related. Strains of could be divided into groups, with the main group containing serotype O1 and O2 strains isolated from Atlantic salmon, rainbow trout, turbot, cod, and saithe. The other distinctive group was represented by type strain NCMB 6. This strain was nearly indistinguishable from the type strains of and on the basis of the 16S rRNA stretches compared. The results of a comparative 16S rRNA analysis justified the status of as a distinct species. Originally, this species was characterized biochemically as a very homogeneous species. However, two strains, which were isolated from diseased halibut and from the intestines of healthy cod, could not be distinguished from strains phylogenetically, although they differed from the original species description in several phenotypic traits. Our results indicate that and form a cluster that is clearly separated from the cluster that includes

  • Published Online:
Copyright © 1995 International Union of Microbiological Societies
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-45-3-421
1995-07-01
2024-04-27
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/45/3/ijs-45-3-421.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-45-3-421&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Baumann P., Bang S. S., Baumann L. 1978; Phenotypic characterization of Beneckea anguillara biotypes I and II. Curr. Microbiol. 1:85–88
     [Google Scholar]
  2. Bergman A. M. 1909; Die roten Beulenkrankheit des Aals. Ber. K. Bayer. Versuchsstn. 2:10–54
     [Google Scholar]
  3. Birnboim H. C., , and Doly J. 1979; A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 6:1513–1523
     [Google Scholar]
  4. Bolinches J., Toranzo A. E., Silva A., Barja J. L. 1986; Vibriosis as the main causative factor of heavy mortalities in the oyster culture industry in northwestern Spain. Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol. 6:1–4
     [Google Scholar]
  5. Bowser P. R., Rosemark R., Reiner C. R. 1981; A preliminary report of vibriosis in cultured American lobsters, Homarus americanus . J. Invertebr. Pathol. 37:80–85
     [Google Scholar]
  6. Chomczynski P., Sacchi N. 1987; Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal. Biochem. 162:156–159
     [Google Scholar]
  7. Colwell R. R., Grimes D. J. 1984; Vibrio diseases of marine fish populations. Helgol. Meeresunters. 37:265–287
     [Google Scholar]
  8. De Borde D. C., , Clayton W. N., Herlocher M. L., Maassab H. F. 1986; Resolution of a common RNA sequencing ambiguity by terminal de-oxynucleotidyl transferase. Anal. Biochem. 157:275–282
     [Google Scholar]
  9. De Soete G. 1983; A least squares algorithm for fitting additive trees to proximity data. Psychometrika 48:621–626
     [Google Scholar]
  10. Dorsch M., Lane D., Stackebrandt E. 1992; Towards a phylogeny of the genus Vibrio based on 16S rRNA sequences. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 42:58–63
     [Google Scholar]
  11. Dorsch M., Stackebrandt E. Unpublished data
  12. Egidius E. 1987; Vibriosis: pathogenicity and pathology. A review. Aquaculture 67:15–28
     [Google Scholar]
  13. Egidius E., Wiik R., Andersen K., Hoff K. A., Hjeltnes B. 1986; Vibrio salmonicida sp. nov., a new fish pathogen.. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 36:518–520
     [Google Scholar]
  14. Emblev T. M., Smida J., Stackebrandt E. 1988; Reverse transcriptase sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA from Faenia rectivirgula, Pseudonocardia thermophila and Saccharopolyspora hirsuta, three wall type IV actinomycetes which lack mycolic acids. J. Gen. Microbiol. 134:961–966
     [Google Scholar]
  15. Evelyn T. P. T. 1971; First records of vibriosis in Pacific salmon cultured in Canada, and taxonomic status of the responsible bacterium. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 28:517–525
     [Google Scholar]
  16. Fox G. E., Stackebrandt E., Hespell R. B., Gibson J., Maniloff J., Dyer T. A., Wolfe R. S., Balch W. E., Tanner R. S., Magrum L. J., Zablen L. B., Blakeore R., Gupta R., Bonen L., Lewis B. J., Stahl D. A., Luehrsen K. R., Chen K. N., Woese C. R. 1980; The phylogeny of procaryotes. Science 209:457–463
     [Google Scholar]
  17. Giorgetti G., Ceschia G. 1982; Vibriosis in rainbow trout, Salmogairdneri Richardson, in fresh water in north-eastern Italy. J. Fish Dis. 5:125–130
     [Google Scholar]
  18. Grisez L., Ceusters R., Ollevier F. 1991; The use of API 20E for the identification of Vibrio anguillarum and V. ordalii . J. Fish Dis. 14:359–365
     [Google Scholar]
  19. Harrell L. W., Novotny A. J., Schiewe M. H., Hodgins H. O. 1976; Isolation and description of two vibrios pathogenic to Pacific salmon in Puget Sound, Washington. Fish. Bull. (Dublin) 74:447–449
     [Google Scholar]
  20. Jeffries V. E. 1982; Three Vibrio strains pathogenic to larvae of Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis . Aquaculture 29:201–226
     [Google Scholar]
  21. Jukes T. H., Cantor C. R. 1969; Evolution of protein molecules,. 21–132 Munro H. N. Mammalian protein metabolism Academic Press; New York:
     [Google Scholar]
  22. Kita-Tsukamoto K., Oyaizu H., Nanba K., Simidu U. 1993; Phylogenetic relationships of marine bacteria, mainly members of the family Vibrionaceae, determined on the basis of 16S rRNA sequences. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 43:8–19
     [Google Scholar]
  23. Knappskog D. H., Rød seth O. M., Slinde E., Endresen C. 1993; Immunochemical analysis of Vibrio anguillarum strains isolated from cod, Gadus morhua L., suffering from vibriosis. J. Fish Dis. 16:327–338
     [Google Scholar]
  24. Lane D. J., Pace B., Olson G. J., Stahl D. A., Sogin M. L., Pace R. 1985; Rapid determination of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences for phylogenetic analyses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.USA 82:6955–6959
     [Google Scholar]
  25. Larsen J. L., Pedersen K., Dalsgaard I. 1994; Vibrio anguillarum serovars associated with vibriosis in fish. J. Fish Dis. 17:259–267
     [Google Scholar]
  26. Love M., Teebken-Fisher D., Hose J. E., Farmer J. J. III, Hickman F. W., Fanning G. R. 1981; Vibrio damsela, a marine bacterium, causes skin ulcers on the damselfish Chromis punctipinnis . Science 214:1139–1140
     [Google Scholar]
  27. MacDonell M. T., Colwell R. R. 1985; Phylogeny of the Vibrionaceae, and recommendation for two new genera, Listonella and Shewanella . Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 6:171–182
     [Google Scholar]
  28. Martinez-Picado J., Blanch A. B., Jofre J. 1994; Rapid detection and identification of Vibrio anguillarum by using a specific oligonucleotide probe complementary to 16S rRNA. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 60:732–737
     [Google Scholar]
  29. Oeding P. 1957; Agglutinability of pyrogenic staphylococci at various conditions. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. 41:310–324
     [Google Scholar]
  30. Ohnishi K., Muroga K. 1976; Vibrio sp. as a cause of disease in rainbow trout cultured in Japan. I. Biochemical characteristics. Fish Pathol. 11:159–165
     [Google Scholar]
  31. Ohnishi K., Muroga K. 1977; Vibrio sp. as a cause of disease in rainbow trout cultured in Japan. II. Physiological characteristics and pathogenicity. Fish Pathol. 12:51–55
     [Google Scholar]
  32. Olsen G. J., Overbeek R., Larsen N., Marsh T. L., McCaughey M. J., MacTukenas M. A., Kuan W.-M., Macke T. J., Xing Y., Woese C. R. 1992; The Ribosomal Database Project. Nucleic Acids Res. 20:2199–2200
     [Google Scholar]
  33. Onarheim A. M., Wiik R., Burghardt J., Stackebrandt E. 1994; Characterization and identification of two Vibrio species indigenous to the intestine of fish in cold sea water; description of Vibrio iliopiscarius sp. nov. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 17:370–379
     [Google Scholar]
  34. Powell J. L., Loutit M. W. 1990; Isolation and characterisation of Vibrio anguillarum from selected marine sites in New Zealand. N. Z. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 24:267–273
     [Google Scholar]
  35. Rehnstam A.-S., Norquist A., Wolf-Watz H., Hagstrøm Å. 1989; Identification of Vibrio anguillarum in fish by using partial 16S rRNA sequences and a specific 16S rRNA oligonucleotide probe. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:1907–1910
     [Google Scholar]
  36. Renault T., Haffner P., Mal-Fondet C., Weppe M. 1994; Vibrio damsela as a pathogenic agent causing mortalities in cultured sea bass (Lates calcarifer). Bull. Eur. Assoc. Fish Pathol. 14:117–118
     [Google Scholar]
  37. Rødseth O. M., Andersen K. Unpublished data
  38. Rødseth O. M., Knappskog D. H., Andersen K., Endresen C. Submitted for publication.
    [Google Scholar]
  39. Ruimy R., Breittmayer V., Elbaze P., Lafay B., Boussemart O., Gauthier M., Christen R. 1994; Phylogenetic analysis and assessment of the genera Vibrio, Photobacterium, Aeromonas, and Plesiomonas deduced from small-subunit rRNA sequences. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 44:416–426
     [Google Scholar]
  40. Schiewe M. H., Crosa J. H. 1981; Molecular characterization of Vibrio anguillarum biotype 2. Can. J. Microbiol. 27:1011–1018
     [Google Scholar]
  41. Schiewe M. H., Trust T. J., Crosa J. H. 1981; Vibrio ordalii sp. nov.: a causative agent of vibriosis in fish. Curr. Microbiol. 6:343–348
     [Google Scholar]
  42. Schleifer K. H., Ludwig W. 1989; Phylogenetic relationship among bacteria,. 103–117 Fernholm B., Bremer K., Jornwall H. The hierarchy of life Elsevier Science Publishers; Amsterdam:
     [Google Scholar]
  43. Sørensen U. B. S., Larsen J. L. 1986; Serotyping of Vibrio anguillarum . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 51:593–597
     [Google Scholar]
  44. Sørum H., Hvaal A. B., Heum M., Daae F. L., Wiik R. 1990; Plasmid profiling of Vibrio salmonicida for epidemiological studies of cold-water vibriosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and cod (Gadus morhua). Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 56:1033–1037
     [Google Scholar]
  45. Stackebrandt E. 1988; Phylogenetic relationships vs. phenotypic diversity: how to achieve a phylogenetic classification system of the eubacteria. Can. J. Microbiol. 34:552–556
     [Google Scholar]
  46. Stackebrandt E., Liesack W., Witt D. 1992; Ribosomal RNA and rDNA sequence analyses. Gene 115:255–260
     [Google Scholar]
  47. Tolmasky M. E., Actis L. A., Toranzo A. E., Barja J. L., Crosa J. H. 1985; Plasmids mediating’iron uptake in Vibrio anguillarum strains isolated from turbot in Spain. J. Gen. Microbiol. 131:1989–1997
     [Google Scholar]
  48. Toranzo A. E., Barja J. L. 1990; A review of the taxonomy and sero-epizootiology of Vibrio anguillarum, with special reference to aquaculture in the northwest of Spain. Dis. Aquat. Org. 9:73–82
     [Google Scholar]
  49. Toranzo A. E., Barja J. L., Potter S. A., Colwell R. R., Hetrick F. M., Crosa J. H. 1983; Molecular factors associated with virulence of marine vibrios isolated from striped bass in Chesapeake Bay. Infect. Immun. 39:1220–1227
     [Google Scholar]
  50. Valle O., Dorsch M., Wiik R., Stackebrandt E. 1990; Nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA from Vibrio anguillarum . Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 13:257
     [Google Scholar]
  51. Wiik R., Andersen K., Daae F. L., Hoff K. A. 1989; Virulence studies based on plasmid profiles of the fish pathogen Vibrio salmonicida . Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:819–825
     [Google Scholar]
  52. Wiik R., Egidius E. 1986; Genetic relationships of Vibrio salmonicida sp. nov. to other fish-pathogenic vibrios. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 36:521–523
     [Google Scholar]
  53. Wiik R., Hoff K. A., Andersen K., Daae F. L. 1989; Relationships between plasmids and phenotypes of presumptive strains of Vibrio anguillarum isolated from different fish species. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:826–831
     [Google Scholar]
  54. Woese C. R. 1987; Bacterial evolution. Microbiol. Rev. 51:221–271
     [Google Scholar]
  55. Woese C. R., Stackebrandt E., Macke T., Fox G. E. 1985; A definition of the eubacterial “divisions.”. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 6:143–151
     [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-45-3-421
Loading
Classification of Fish-Pathogenic Vibrios Based on Comparative 16S rRNA Analysis
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 45, 421 (1995); https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-45-3-421
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-45-3-421
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-45-3-421
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Most cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error