RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Zhang, Hui A1 Sekiguchi, Yuji A1 Hanada, Satoshi A1 Hugenholtz, Philip A1 Kim, Hongik A1 Kamagata, Yoichi A1 Nakamura, KazunoriYR 2003 T1 Gemmatimonas aurantiaca gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gram-negative, aerobic, polyphosphate-accumulating micro-organism, the first cultured representative of the new bacterial phylum Gemmatimonadetes phyl. nov. JF International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, VO 53 IS 4 SP 1155 OP 1163 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02520-0 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1466-5034, AB A phylogenetically novel aerobic bacterium was isolated from an anaerobic–aerobic sequential batch reactor operated under enhanced biological phosphorus removal conditions for wastewater treatment. The isolation strategy used targeted slowly growing polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria by combining low-speed centrifugations and prolonged incubation on a low-nutrient medium. The isolate, designated strain T-27T, was a Gram-negative, rod-shaped aerobe. Cells often appeared to divide by budding replication. Strain T-27T grew at 25–35 °C with an optimum growth temperature of 30 °C, whilst no growth was observed below 20 °C or above 37 °C within 20 days incubation. The pH range for growth was 6·5–9·5, with an optimum at pH 7·0. Strain T-27T was able to utilize a limited range of substrates, such as yeast extract, polypepton, succinate, acetate, gelatin and benzoate. Neisser staining was positive and 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained cells displayed a yellow fluorescence, indicative of polyphosphate inclusions. Menaquinone 9 was the major respiratory quinone. The cellular fatty acids of the strain were mainly composed of iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1 and C14 : 0. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 66 mol%. Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain T-27T belongs to candidate division BD (also called KS-B), a phylum-level lineage in the bacterial domain, to date comprised exclusively of environmental 16S rDNA clone sequences. Here, a new genus and species are proposed, Gemmatimonas aurantiaca (type strain T-27T=JCM 11422T=DSM 14586T) gen. nov., sp. nov., the first cultivated representative of the Gemmatimonadetes phyl. nov. Environmental sequence data indicate that this phylum is widespread in nature and has a phylogenetic breadth (19 % 16S rDNA sequence divergence) that is greater than well-known phyla such as the Actinobacteria (18 % divergence)., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.02520-0