RT Journal Article SR Electronic(1) A1 Gorlenko, Vladimir A1 Tsapin, Alexandre A1 Namsaraev, Zorigto A1 Teal, Tracy A1 Tourova, Tatyana A1 Engler, Diane A1 Mielke, Randy A1 Nealson, KennethYR 2004 T1 Anaerobranca californiensis sp. nov., an anaerobic, alkalithermophilic, fermentative bacterium isolated from a hot spring on Mono Lake JF International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, VO 54 IS 3 SP 739 OP 743 DO https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.02909-0 PB Microbiology Society, SN 1466-5034, AB A novel, obligately anaerobic, alkalithermophilic, chemo-organotrophic bacterium was isolated from the sediment of an alkaline hot spring located on Paoha Island in Mono Lake, California, USA. This rod-shaped bacterium was motile via peritrichous flagella. Isolated strains grew optimally in 5–25 g NaCl l−1, at pH 9·0–9·5 and at a temperature of 58°C and were fermentative and mainly proteolytic, utilizing peptone, Casamino acids and yeast extract. Optimal growth was seen in the presence of elemental sulfur, polysulfide or thiosulfate with concomitant reduction to hydrogen sulfide. Sulfite was also formed in an equal ratio to sulfide during reduction of thiosulfate. The novel isolate could also reduce Fe(III) and Se(IV) in the presence of organic matter. On the basis of physiological properties, 16S rRNA gene sequence and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain PAOHA-1T (=DSM 14826T=UNIQEM 227T) belongs to the genus Anaerobranca and represents a novel species, Anaerobranca californiensis sp. nov., UL https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.02909-0