1887

Abstract

Four Gram-positive, catalase-negative, coccoid-shaped isolates were obtained from the caecum and rectum of horses with oligofructose-induced equine laminitis. Phenotypic and phylogenetic studies were performed on these isolates. Initial biochemical profiling assigned two of the isolates to . The other two isolates, however, could not be assigned conclusively on the basis of their biochemical profiles. Gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the four new isolates were related most closely to based on the 16S rRNA gene and to based on the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase gene (). Sequence divergence values from recognized species based on these two genes were >3 and >13 %, respectively, for all four isolates. Phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses demonstrated that the four isolates formed two distinct clonal groups that are suggested to represent two novel species of the genus . The names proposed for these organisms are sp. nov. (type strain 126 =ATCC BAA-1484 =DSM 19005) and sp. nov. (type strain 151 =ATCC BAA-1485 =DSM 19004).

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65063-0
2008-01-01
2024-03-28
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/58/1/262.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65063-0&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Bjornsson, L., Hugenholtz, P., Tyson, G. W. & Blackall, L. L.(2002). Filamentous Chloroflexi (green non-sulfur bacteria) are abundant in wastewater treatment processes with biological nutrient removal. Microbiology 148, 2309–2318. [Google Scholar]
  2. Burrell, P. C., Keller, J. & Blackall, L. L.(1998). Microbiology of a nitrite-oxidizing bioreactor. Appl Environ Microbiol 64, 1878–1883. [Google Scholar]
  3. Chatellier, S., Harel, J., Zhang, Y., Gottschalk, M., Higgins, R., Devriese, L. A. & Brousseau, R.(1998). Phylogenetic diversity of Streptococcus suis strains of various serotypes as revealed by 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison. Int J Syst Bacteriol 48, 581–589.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  4. Facklam, R.(2002). What happened to the streptococci: overview of taxonomic and nomenclature changes. Clin Microbiol Rev 15, 613–630.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  5. Garner, H. E., Coffman, J. R., Hahn, A. W., Hutcheson, D. P. & Tumbleson, M. E.(1975). Equine laminitis of alimentary origin: an experimental model. Am J Vet Res 36, 441–444. [Google Scholar]
  6. Garner, H. E., Moore, J. N., Johnson, J. H., Clark, L., Amend, J. F., Tritschler, L. G., Coffmann, J. R., Sprouse, R. F., Hutcheson, D. P. & Salem, C. A.(1978). Changes in the caecal flora associated with the onset of laminitis. Equine Vet J 10, 249–252.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hoshino, T., Fujiwara, T. & Kilian, M.(2005). Use of phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses to identify nonhemolytic streptococci isolated from bacteremic patients. J Clin Microbiol 43, 6073–6085.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kilpper-Bälz, R. & Schleifer, K. H.(1987).Streptococcus suis sp. nov., nom. rev. Int J Syst Bacteriol 37, 160–162.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  9. Lane, D. J.(1991). 16S/23S rRNA sequencing. In Nucleic Acid Techniques in Bacterial Systematics, pp. 115–175. Edited by E. Stackebrandt & M. Goodfellow. New York: Wiley.
  10. Mesbah, M., Premachandran, U. & Whitman, W. B.(1989). Precise measurement of the G+C content of deoxyribonucleic acid by high-performance liquid chromatography. Int J Syst Bacteriol 39, 159–167.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  11. Milinovich, G. J., Trott, D. J., Burrell, P. C., van Eps, A. W., Thoefner, M. B., Blackall, L. L., Al Jassim, R. A., Morton, J. M. & Pollitt, C. C.(2006). Changes in equine hindgut bacterial populations during oligofructose-induced laminitis. Environ Microbiol 8, 885–898.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  12. Milinovich, G. J., Trott, D. J., Burrell, P. C., Croser, E. L., Al Jassim, R. A., Morton, J. M., van Eps, A. W. & Pollitt, C. C.(2007). Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of hindgut bacteria associated with the development of equine laminitis. Environ Microbiol 9, 2090–2100.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  13. Pollitt, C. C.(1996). Basement membrane pathology: a feature of acute equine laminitis. Equine Vet J 28, 38–46.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pollitt, C. C.(1999). Equine laminitis: a revised pathophysiology. In Proceedings of the 45th Annual Convention of the American Association of Equine Practitioners, pp. 188–192. Albuquerque, NM: American Association of Equine Practitioners.
  15. Poyart, C., Quesne, G., Coulon, S., Berche, P. & Trieu-Cuot, P.(1998). Identification of streptococci to species level by sequencing the gene encoding the manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase. J Clin Microbiol 36, 41–47. [Google Scholar]
  16. Poyart, C., Quesne, G. & Trieu-Cuot, P.(2002). Taxonomic dissection of the Streptococcus bovis group by analysis of manganese-dependent superoxide dismutase gene (sodA) sequences: reclassification of ‘Streptococcus infantarius subsp. coli’ as Streptococcus lutetiensis sp. nov. and of Streptococcus bovis biotype 11.2 as Streptococcus pasteurianus sp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52, 1247–1255.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  17. Schlegel, L., Grimont, F., Ageron, E., Grimont, P. A. & Bouvet, A.(2003). Reappraisal of the taxonomy of the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus complex and related species: description of Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticus subsp. nov., S. gallolyticus subsp. macedonicus subsp. nov. and S. gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianus subsp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 53, 631–645.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  18. Schlegel, L., Grimont, F., Grimont, P. A. & Bouvet, A.(2004). New group D streptococcal species. Indian J Med Res 119 (Suppl.), 252–256. [Google Scholar]
  19. Stackebrandt, E. & Charfreitag, O.(1990). Partial 16S rRNA primary structure of five Actinomyces species: phylogenetic implications and development of an Actinomyces israelii-specific oligonucleotide probe. J Gen Microbiol 136, 37–43.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  20. Stackebrandt, E. & Goebel, B. M.(1994). Taxonomic note: a place for DNA-DNA reassociation and 16S rRNA sequence analysis in the present species definition in bacteriology. Int J Syst Bacteriol 44, 846–849.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  21. Swan, A.(1954). The use of a bile-aesculin medium and of Maxted's technique of Lancefield grouping in the identification of enterococci (group D streptococci). J Clin Pathol 7, 160–163.[CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  22. Tarradas, C., Arenas, A., Maldonado, A., Luque, I., Miranda, A. & Perea, A.(1994). Identification of Streptococcus suis isolated from swine: proposal for biochemical parameters. J Clin Microbiol 32, 578–580. [Google Scholar]
  23. USDA(2000).Lameness and Laminitis in US Horses. Fort Collins, CO: USDA:APHIS:VS, CEAH, National Animal Health Monitoring System.
  24. van Eps, A. W. & Pollitt, C. C.(2006). Equine laminitis induced with oligofructose. Equine Vet J 38, 203–208. [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65063-0
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.65063-0
Loading

Data & Media loading...

Supplements

vol. , part 1, pp. 262 - 266

Extended phylogenetic tree showing the positions of strains 126 and 151 and their closest relatives based on 16S rRNA gene sequences. All four of the new isolates were fully sequenced; however, only one representative of each of the novel species described is illustrated in this phylogenetic tree as the two isolates for each species had identical 16S rRNA gene sequences. Bar, 10 substitutions per 100 nucleotides.



IMAGE
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error