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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY logo

Volume 67, Issue 1

Multigenetic characterization of ‘ Xenohaliotis californiensis’ Free

Abstract

‘ Xenohaliotis californiensis’ (or Xc) is the aetiological agent of withering syndrome, a chronic wasting disease affecting most if not all North American species of abalone, and has been described as a -like prokaryote. Genetic data regarding this species are limited to the 16S rRNA gene. The inability to grow it axenically has hindered its genetic and genomic characterization and, in consequence, a thorough analysis of its systematics. Here, we amplified and sequenced five genes (16S rRNA, 23S rRNA, , and ) of Xc from infected abalone to analyse its phylogenetic position. Phylogenies from concatenated DNA and amino acid sequences with representative genera of most unequivocally place Xc in the family . Furthermore, the family has two reciprocally monophyletic lineages: one leading to (, Xc) and the other to ((, ), )). A molecular-clock Bayesian reconstruction places Xc as the most basal lineage in . These phylogenetic hypotheses shed light on patterns of host evolution and of ecological transitions. Specifically, and Xc inhabit aquatic hosts whereas the remaining are found in terrestrial hosts. Additionally, our evolutionary timeline places the directly transmitted marine Xc as the basal , ancestral to both freshwater and terrestrial species with adaptations leading to more complex life cycles involving intermediate vectors or reservoir species; this supports the hypothesis of a marine origin for this bacterial family.

  • Received:
  • Accepted:
  • Published Online:
Keyword(s): multigenetic analysis , phylogenetic reconstruction , withering syndrome and ‘Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis’
© 2017 IUMS
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2017-01-01
2024-04-18
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Multigenetic characterization of ‘Candidatus Xenohaliotis californiensis’
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 67, 42 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.001563
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.001563
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.001563
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