- Volume 58, Issue 1, 2008
Volume 58, Issue 1, 2008
- New Taxa
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- Bacteroidetes
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Actibacter sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from tidal flat sediment
More LessA yellow-pigmented, Gram-negative, aerobic bacterial strain comprising rod-shaped cells devoid of flagellar and gliding motility, designated strain JC2129T, was isolated from tidal flat sediment of Dongmak on Ganghwa Island, South Korea. Results from a 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the isolate belonged to the family Flavobacteriaceae; the highest level of nucleotide sequence similarity (91.9 %) occurred with Polaribacter dokdonensis DSW-5T. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (19.8 %), iso-C15 : 1 G (14.0 %), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (13.7 %) and iso-C13 : 0 (6.4 %). Flexirubin-type pigments were absent. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-6. The DNA G+C content was 43–45 mol%. Data from a polyphasic taxonomy study suggested that the isolate represents a novel genus and species in the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Actibacter sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Actibacter sediminis is JC2129T (=KCTC 12704T =JCM 14002T).
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Chryseobacterium arothri sp. nov., isolated from the kidneys of a pufferfish
More LessA Gram-negative, non-flagellated, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain P2K6T, was isolated from the kidneys of a pufferfish (Arothron hispidus) caught off the coast of Kaneohe Bay, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. The strain formed yellowish colonies when grown on marine agar. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain P2K6T was related most closely to members of the genus Chryseobacterium. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain P2K6T and the type strains of recognized species of the genus Chryseobacterium were 94–96.6 %, suggesting that the strain represents a novel species within this genus. The DNA G+C content of strain P2K6T was 36.5 mol%, the dominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (35.3 %) and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH (14.9 %), and the most abundant quinone was menaquinone MK6. On the basis of the data from this polyphasic study, it is suggested that strain P2K6T represents a novel species of the genus Chryseobacterium, for which the name Chryseobacterium arothri sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P2K6T (=CIP 109575T=DSM 19326T).
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- Other Bacteria
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Physiological and phylogenetic characterization of a novel lithoautotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium, ‘Candidatus Nitrospira bockiana’
More LessA new isolate of a lithoautotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacterium was obtained from internal corrosion deposits from a steel pipeline of the Moscow heating system. The organism oxidized nitrite as the sole energy source and fixed carbon dioxide as the only carbon source. The cells were extremely pleomorphic: loosely wound spirals, slightly curved and even straight rods were detected, as well as coccoid cells. The highest rate of nitrite consumption (1.5 mM nitrite as substrate) was measured at 42 °C, with a temperature range of 28–44 °C. In enrichment cultures with Nocardioides sp. as an accompanying organism, optimal oxidation of 5.8 mM nitrite occurred at 45 °C, with a range of 28–48 °C. Neither pyruvate nor yeast extract stimulated nitrification. Organotrophic growth was not observed. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolate represents a new sublineage of the genus Nitrospira. On the basis of physiological, chemotaxonomic and molecular characteristics, the name ‘Candidatus Nitrospira bockiana’ is proposed.
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- Proteobacteria
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Description of Roseateles aquatilis sp. nov. and Roseateles terrae sp. nov., in the class Betaproteobacteria, and emended description of the genus Roseateles
More LessThree strains of aerobic Gram-negative bacilli, two isolated from industrial water and freshwater (strains CCUG 48205T and CCUG 52220) and the third from soil (strain CCUG 52222T), were analysed phenotypically and genotypically to clarify their taxonomic classification. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the three strains were located on the same phylogenetic branch, closely related to Roseateles depolymerans, the only recognized species in the genus. DNA–DNA hybridization studies, analyses of fatty acid contents, and physiological and biochemical tests supported the proposal of two novel species, Roseateles aquatilis sp. nov. (type strain, CCUG 48205T=CECT 7248T) and Roseateles terrae sp. nov. (type strain, CCUG 52222T=CECT 7247T).
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Amphritea atlantica gen. nov., sp. nov., a gammaproteobacterium from the Logatchev hydrothermal vent field
More LessA novel Gram-negative, motile, aerobic rod-shaped bacterium was isolated from a Bathymodiolus sp. specimen collected from the Logatchev hydrothermal vent field at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The novel strain, M41T, was catalase- and oxidase-positive and metabolised various carbohydrates and amino acids. It grew well in marine broth with an optimal growth temperature of 31 °C to 34 °C (range 4–40 °C) and salinity requirement of 3 % (range 0.3–9 %). The pH range for growth was pH 4.6 to 9.5, with an optimum at pH 8.0. The predominant fatty acids were C16 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω7c. The DNA G+C content of strain M41T was 52.2 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence was 94 % similar to that of the type strain of Oceanospirillum beijerinckii, the closest cultivated relative. Other related type strains were Oceanospirillum multiglobuliferum (93 % gene sequence similarity), Neptunomonas naphthovorans (92%) and Marinobacterium jannaschii (92 %). According to phylogenetic analysis and physiological characteristics, it is suggested that strain M41T represents a new genus and novel species for which the name Amphritea atlantica gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is M41T (=DSM 18887T=LMG 24143T).
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Halomonas sabkhae sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from an Algerian sabkha
A novel moderately halophilic bacterium belonging to the genus Halomonas was isolated from brine samples collected from Ezzemoul sabkha in north-eastern Algeria. The cells of strain 5-3T were Gram-negative, rod-shaped and non-motile. The strain was catalase- and oxidase-positive and produced an exopolysaccharide. Growth occurred at NaCl concentrations of 5–25 % (optimum at 7.5 %), at 30–50 °C (optimum at 37–40 °C) and at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum at pH 7.5). The major fatty acids were C12 : 0 3-OH, C16 : 1 ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c and C19 : 0 ω8c cyclo. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 57.0 mol% (T m). The affiliation of strain 5-3T with the genus Halomonas was confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons. The most closely related species was Halomonas halmophila, which showed a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 99.7 %. However, the level of DNA–DNA relatedness between the novel isolate and the related Halomonas species was less than 31.4 %. On the basis of the data from this polyphasic study, strain 5-3T represents a novel species of the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas sabkhae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5-3T (=CECT 7246T=DSM 19122T=LMG 24084T).
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Acidovorax caeni sp. nov., a denitrifying species with genetically diverse isolates from activated sludge
More LessFour Gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, denitrifying isolates were obtained from the activated sludge of an aerobic–anaerobic wastewater treatment plant in Belgium. Analysis of repetitive sequence-based PCR showed that the four isolates were genetically different from each other. Results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA–DNA hybridization experiments indicated that these four isolates were affiliated to the genus Acidovorax and could be differentiated from all recognized species of the genus. Analysis of whole-cell proteins and results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed differentiation of the new isolates from their closest phylogenetic neighbours. These new isolates therefore represent a novel species of the genus Acidovorax, for which the name Acidovorax caeni sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is R-24608T (=LMG 24103T =DSM 19327T).
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Methylobacterium iners sp. nov. and Methylobacterium aerolatum sp. nov., isolated from air samples in Korea
Two bacterial strains isolated from air samples, 5317S-33T and 5413S-11T, were characterized by determining their phenotypic characteristics, cellular fatty acid profiles and phylogenetic positions based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that these isolates belonged to the genus Methylobacterium. Strain 5317S-33T was most closely related to Methylobacterium adhaesivum AR27T (97.9 % sequence similarity). Strain 5413S-11T was most closely related to Methylobacterium fujisawaense DSM 5686T (97.3 % sequence similarity), Methylobacterium oryzae CBMB20T (97.1 % similarity) and Methylobacterium radiotolerans JCM 2831T (97.0 % similarity). Cells of both strains were strictly aerobic, Gram-negative, motile and rod-shaped. The major fatty acid was C18 : 1 ω7c. The G+C contents of the genomic DNA were 68.0 mol% for strain 5317S-33T and 73.2 mol% for strain 5413S-11T. According to DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain 5317S-33T showed a level of DNA–DNA relatedness of 33 % with M. adhaesivum DSM 17169T, and strain 5413S-11T showed low levels of DNA–DNA relatedness (<35 %) with M. fujisawaense DSM 5686T, M. oryzae CBMB20T and M. radiotolerans DSM 1819T. On the basis of this polyphasic analysis, it was concluded that strains 5317S-33T and 5413S-11T represent two novel species within the genus Methylobacterium, for which the names Methylobacterium iners sp. nov. (type strain 5317S-33T =KACC 11765T =DSM 19015T) and Methylobacterium aerolatum sp. nov. (type strain 5413S-11T =KACC 11766T =DSM 19013T) are proposed.
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Perlucidibaca piscinae gen. nov., sp. nov., a freshwater bacterium belonging to the family Moraxellaceae
More LessA freshwater bacterium, designated IMCC1704T, was isolated from a eutrophic pond. The strain was Gram-negative, oxidase-positive, catalase-negative, chemoheterotrophic and facultatively aerobic with cells that were motile rods with a single polar flagellum. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analyses, the novel strain was most closely related to the genera Alkanindiges (91.7 %), Acinetobacter (89.0–91.2 %), Moraxella (87.9–90.1 %), Psychrobacter (87.2–89.5 %) and Enhydrobacter (87.8 %). Phylogenetic trees generated using 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the novel isolate belonged to the family Moraxellaceae of the class Gammaproteobacteria and formed a distinct phyletic lineage within the family. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 63.1 mol% and the predominant constituents of the cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH (21.2 %), C18 : 1 ω7c (12.8 %) and C12 : 0 3-OH (12.3 %). These chemotaxonomic properties, together with several phenotypic characteristics, differentiated the novel strain from other members of the family Moraxellaceae. From the taxonomic data, which revealed the distant relationship of the new strain to the related genera, the strain should be classified as a novel genus and species in the family Moraxellaceae, for which the name Perlucidibaca piscinae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Perlucidibaca piscinae sp. nov. is IMCC1704T (=KCCM 42363T=NBRC 102354T).
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Desulfatirhabdium butyrativorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a butyrate-oxidizing, sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from an anaerobic bioreactor
More LessA novel sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain HB1T, was isolated from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating paper-mill wastewater operated at 37 °C. Cells of strain HB1T were oval to rod-shaped, 1–1.3 μm wide and 2.6–3.5 μm long and Gram-negative. The optimum temperature for growth was 28–30 °C. In the presence of sulfate, the isolate was able to grow on H2/acetate, formate, ethanol, propionate, fumarate, succinate, butyrate, crotonate, catechol, benzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, palmitate and stearate. The isolate only grew on H2 when acetate was added as a carbon source; when grown on formate, acetate was not required. Growth was also possible on pyruvate and crotonate without an electron acceptor. The isolate showed very poor growth on acetate. Thiosulfate and sulfate were used as electron acceptors. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain HB1T represents a novel lineage within the Deltaproteobacteria; sequence similarities between strain HB1T and members of other related genera were less than 91 %. Strain HB1T was also distinguished from members of related genera based on differences in several phenotypic characteristics. It is a member of the family Desulfobacteraceae. The major cellular fatty acids of strain HB1T were C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and C14 : 0. β-Hydroxy fatty acids were also present in the range of C14 : 0 to C18 : 0, of which C16 : 0 was the most abundant. The G+C content of the DNA was 55.1 mol%. Based on physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic traits together with results of comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain HB1T is considered to represent a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Desulfatirhabdium butyrativorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Desulfatirhabdium butyrativorans is HB1T (=DSM 18734T =JCM 14470T).
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Uliginosibacterium gangwonense gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a wetland, Yongneup, in Korea
More LessA yellow-pigmented, Gram-negative, aerobic bacterial strain, designated 5YN10-9T, was isolated from a wetland, Yongneup, of the Inje region, Korea. Cells were motile by means of one polar flagellum. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses, strain 5YN10-9T was shown to be related to the genera Azoarcus, Azovibrio, Thauera and Zoogloea, showing moderate sequence similarities of 90.2–93.3, 92.7, 90.9–93.3 and 92.4–92.6 % to members of these genera, respectively. Its distinct phylogenetic position and the low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values toward the closest related genera support the inclusion of this novel isolate in a new genus. The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q-8). The predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The DNA G+C content was 59.3 mol%. The results of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses indicate that strain 5YN10-9T represents a novel species of a new genus within the family Rhodocyclaceae, class Betaproteobacteria, for which the name Uliginosibacterium gangwonense gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5YN10-9T (=KACC 11603T=DSM 18521T).
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Reclassification of Pseudomonas mephitica Claydon and Hammer 1939 as a later heterotypic synonym of Janthinobacterium lividum (Eisenberg 1891) De Ley et al. 1978
More LessPseudomonas mephitica CCUG 2513T has been reinvestigated to clarify its taxonomic position. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons demonstrated that this strain clusters phylogenetically closely with Janthinobacterium lividum (99.8 % sequence similarity to the type strain). Investigation of fatty acid patterns, polar lipid profiles, polyamine patterns and quinone systems supported this delineation. Substrate utilization profiles and biochemical characteristics displayed no differences from the type strain of J. lividum, CCUG 2344T. Therefore, the reclassification of Pseudomonas mephitica as a later heterotypic synonym of Janthinobacterium lividum is proposed, based upon the estimated phylogenetic position derived from 16S rRNA gene sequence data and chemotaxonomic and biochemical data.
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Marinobacterium rhizophilum sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of the coastal tidal-flat plant Suaeda japonica
More LessA Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, marine bacterium, designated strain CL-YJ9T, was isolated from sediment closely associated with the roots of a plant (Suaeda japonica) inhabiting a coastal tidal flat. Cells of the novel strain were straight and rod-shaped and were motile by means of monopolar flagella. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain CL-YJ9T belongs to the genus Marinobacterium and was most closely related to Marinobacterium halophilum mano11T (94.1 % sequence similarity) and to other members of the genus Marinobacterium (92.5–93.7 % sequence similarity). The strain grew with 1–5 % NaCl (optimum, 3 %) and at 5–30 °C (optimum, approx. 25 °C) and pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0). The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, 40.3 %), C18 : 1 ω7c (26.6 %), C16 : 0 (16.6 %) and C10 : 0 3-OH (7.1 %). The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61 mol%. On the basis of the data from this polyphasic study, strain CL-YJ9T belongs to the genus Marinobacterium but is distinguishable from the recognized species. Strain CL-YJ9T therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Marinobacterium rhizophilum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CL-YJ9T (=KCCM 42386T =DSM 18822T).
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Daeguia caeni gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from sludge of a textile dye works
More LessA Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterial strain, K107T, was isolated from sludge collected from a textile dye works in Korea and its taxonomic position was investigated by means of a polyphasic analysis. Strain K107T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone. The major fatty acids (>10 % of total fatty acids) were C18 : 1 ω7c and C18 : 1 2-OH. The DNA G+C content was 57.0 mol%. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain K107T was closely related to the genera Mycoplana, Brucella and Ochrobactrum. Strain K107T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.3–97.1 % with respect to the type strains of two Mycoplana species and 94.8–96.8 % with respect to members of the genera Brucella and Ochrobactrum. A phylogenetic analysis based on recA gene sequences showed that strain K107T forms a distinct phylogenetic lineage within the Alphaproteobacteria. The recA gene sequence of strain K107T showed similarity values of 84.5 % with respect to type strains of Brucella species and values of 77.6–83.1 % with respect to members of the genera Pseudochrobactrum, Ochrobactrum and Mycoplana. Strain K107T could be differentiated from phylogenetically related genera by differences in phenotypic properties and fatty acid profiles. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain K107T represents a novel genus and species, for which the name Daeguia caeni gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Daeguia caeni is strain K107T (=KCTC 12981T =CCUG 54520T).
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Sphingosinicella soli sp. nov., isolated from an alkaline soil in Korea
More LessA Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, KSL-125T, was isolated from an alkaline soil from Kwangchun, Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated in a polyphasic study. Strain KSL-125T grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.5–8.0 and in the presence of 0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain KSL-125T joins the cluster comprising the two Sphingosinicella species at a bootstrap resampling value of 100 %. The values for similarity between the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain KSL-125T and those of the type strains of the two Sphingosinicella species were 98.9–99.0 %. Strain KSL-125T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C17 : 1 ω6c, C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and C18 : 1 ω7c as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine and an unidentified phospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 65.1 mol%. Strain KSL-125T was distinguishable from the two recognized Sphingosinicella species on the basis of differential phenotypic properties, DNA–DNA relatedness data and repetitive-sequence-based PCR genomic fingerprinting patterns. The phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data showed that strain KSL-125T represents a novel species of the genus Sphingosinicella, for which the name Sphingosinicella soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KSL-125T (=KCTC 12482T =DSM 17328T).
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Description of Sinobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov., and proposal of Sinobacteraceae fam. nov.
More LessA novel Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated CW-KD 4T, was isolated from a polluted soil sample collected from Jiangsu Province, China, by using a classic enrichment method. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the novel strain represented a deep-rooting lineage within the class Gammaproteobacteria that was clustered with the genera Hydrocarboniphaga and Nevskia and some other unidentified bacteria. Polyphasic taxonomic studies revealed that strain CW-KD 4T showed rather distant relationships to its phylogenetically closest neighbours, including the two recognized genera Hydrocarboniphaga and Nevskia. Strain CW-KD 4T showed only 89.9 % and 89.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to the type species of the genera Hydrocarboniphaga and Nevskia, respectively. The predominant isoprenoid quinone of strain CW-KD 4T was Q-8 with minor components including Q-9, MK-7 and MK-6. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c and summed feature 3. The G+C content of the DNA was 65.1 mol%. On the basis of its distinctive phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain CW-KD 4T represents a new genus and a novel species in the class Gammaproteobacteria, for which the name Sinobacter flavus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CW-KD 4T (=DSM 18980T=KCTC 12881T=CCTCC AB 206145T). In addition, a new family, Sinobacteraceae fam. nov., is proposed to house the genus Sinobacter gen. nov.
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Paludibacterium yongneupense gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a wetland, Yongneup, in Korea
A cream-coloured bacterial strain, 5YN8-15T, was isolated from a wetland, Yongneup, in the Inje region of the Republic of Korea. The bacterium was facultatively anaerobic, Gram-negative, motile with a single polar flagellum and curved-rod-shaped. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain 5YN8-15T is a member of the Betaproteobacteria. Closely related taxa were Gulbenkiania mobilis E4FC31T (94.9 % sequence similarity), Chromobacterium species (94.1–94.4 %), Aquitalea magnusonii TRO-001DR8T (93.2 %) and Aquaspirillum serpens IAM 13944T (92.5 %). All other species with validly published names analysed showed sequence similarities of below 92 %. Strain 5YN8-15T had ubiquinone 8 as the major isoprenoid quinone. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω7c. The DNA G+C content was 63.0 mol%. Based on the data from the polyphasic study, strain 5YN8-15T represents a novel genus and species of the family Neisseriaceae, for which the name Paludibacterium yongneupense gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5YN8-15T (=KACC 11601T=DSM 18731T).
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Sphingomonas insulae sp. nov., isolated from soil
More LessA Gram-negative, motile and rod-shaped Sphingomonas-like bacterial strain, DS-28T, was isolated from the soil of Dokdo, Korea, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. It grew optimally at around pH 6.5 and 25 °C in the presence of 0–0.5 % NaCl. It contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1 ω7c, C14 : 0 2-OH and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. Major polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 67.0 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain DS-28T belonged to the genus Sphingomonas. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain DS-28T and the type strains of Sphingomonas species were in the range 93.3–98.3 %. DNA–DNA relatedness data and differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain DS-28T is distinguishable from recognized Sphingomonas species. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and genetic data, strain DS-28T represents a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas insulae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DS-28T (=KCTC 12872T=JCM 14603T).
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Enterobacter pulveris sp. nov., isolated from fruit powder, infant formula and an infant formula production environment
Six Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, coccoid rod-shaped isolates were obtained from fruit powder (n=3), infant formula (n=2) and an infant formula production environment (n=1) and investigated in a polyphasic taxonomic study. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis combined with rpoB gene sequence analysis allocated the isolates to the family Enterobacteriaceae. The highest rpoB gene sequence similarities (91.2–95.8 %) were obtained with Enterobacter helveticus, Enterobacter radicincitans, Enterobacter turicensis and Enterobacter sakazakii and the phylogenetic branch formed by these species was supported by a high bootstrap value. Biochemical data revealed that the isolates could be differentiated from their nearest neighbours by their ability to utilize melibiose, sucrose, d-arabitol, mucate and 1-O-methyl-α-galactopyranoside and their negative reactions for d-sorbitol utilization and the Voges–Proskauer test. On the basis of the phylogenetic analyses, DNA–DNA hybridization data, and unique physiological and biochemical characteristics, it is proposed that the isolates represent a novel species of the genus Enterobacter, Enterobacter pulveris sp. nov. The type strain is 601/05T (=LMG 24057T=DSM 19144T).
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Comamonas composti sp. nov., isolated from food waste compost
A bacterial strain designated YY287T, isolated from food waste compost, was investigated by polyphasic taxonomic approach. The cells were rod-shaped, Gram-negative, non-pigmented, non-spore-forming and non-fermentative. Phylogenetic analyses using the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the strain formed a monophyletic branch towards the periphery of the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genus Comamonas; its closest neighbours were the type strains Comamonas testosteroni DSM 50244T (96.5 %), Comamonas terrigena DSM 7099T (95.4 %), Comamonas odontotermitis Dant 3-8T (95.2 %) and Comamonas koreensis KCTC 12005T (94.6 %). Strain YY287T was clearly distinguished from all of these strains using phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, fatty acid composition data and a range of physiological and biochemical characteristics. The major fatty acids were 16 : 0 (33 %), 18 : 1ω7c (13 %) and summed feature 3 (16 : 1ω7c and/or 15 : 0 iso 2-OH; 41 %). The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 62.8 mol%. It is evident from the genotypic and phenotypic data that strain YY287T represents a novel species in the genus Comamonas, for which the name Comamonas composti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YY287T (=BCRC 17659T=LMG 24008T).
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Volumes and issues
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