- Volume 66, Issue 3, 2016
Volume 66, Issue 3, 2016
- NEW TAXA
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- Proteobacteria
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Dethiosulfatarculus sandiegensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a methanogenic paraffin-degrading enrichment culture and emended description of the family Desulfarculaceae
A mesophilic deltaproteobacterium, designated strain SPRT, was isolated from a methanogenic consortium capable of degrading long-chain paraffins. Cells were motile, vibrio-shaped, and occurred singly, in pairs or in clusters. Strain SPRT did not metabolize hydrocarbons but grew fermentatively on pyruvate and oxaloacetate and autotrophically with H2 and CO2. Thiosulfate served as a terminal electron acceptor, but sulfate or sulfite did not. The organism required at least 10 g NaCl l− 1 and a small amount of yeast extract (0.001%) for growth. Optimal growth was observed between 30 and 37 °C and a pH range from 6.0 to 7.2. The DNA G+C content of SPRT's genome was 52.02 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain SPRT was distinct from previously described Deltaproteobacteria, exhibiting the closest affiliation to Desulfarculus baarsii DSM 2075T and Desulfocarbo indianensis SCBMT, with only 91% similarity between their respective 16S gene sequences. In silico genome comparison supported the distinctiveness between strain SPRT and both Desulfocarbo indianensis SCBMT and Desulfarculus baarsii DSM 2075T. Based on physiological differences, as well as phylogenetic and genomic comparisons, we propose to classify SPRT as the type strain ( = DSM 100305T = JCM 30857T) of a novel species of a new genus with the name Dethiosulfatarculus sandiegensis gen. nov., sp. nov.
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Desulfurella amilsii sp. nov., a novel acidotolerant sulfur-respiring bacterium isolated from acidic river sediments
More LessA novel acidotolerant and moderately thermophilic sulfur-reducing bacterium was isolated from sediments of the Tinto River (Spain), an extremely acidic environment. Strain TR1T stained Gram-negative, and was obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming and motile. Cells were short rods (1.5–2 × 0.5–0.7 μm), appearing singly or in pairs. Strain TR1T was catalase-negative and slightly oxidase-positive. Urease activity and indole formation were absent, but gelatin hydrolysis was present. Growth was observed at 20–52 °C with an optimum close to 50 °C, and a pH range of 3–7 with optimum between pH 6 and 6.5. Yeast extract was essential for growth, but extra vitamins were not required. In the presence of sulfur, strain TR1T grew with acetate, formate, lactate, pyruvate, stearate, arginine and H2/CO2. All substrates were completely oxidized and H2S and CO2 were the only metabolic products detected. Besides elemental sulfur, thiosulfate was used as an electron acceptor. The isolate also grew by disproportionation of elemental sulfur. The predominant cellular fatty acids were saturated components: C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and C18 : 0. The only quinone component detected was menaquinone MK-7(H2). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 34 mol%. The isolate is affiliated to the genus Desulfurella of the class Deltaproteobacteria, sharing 97 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with the four species described in the genus Desulfurella. Considering the distinct physiological and phylogenetic characteristics, strain TR1T represents a novel species within the genus Desulfurella, for which the name Desulfurella amilsii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TR1T ( = DSM 29984T = JCM 30680T).
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Nitrincola alkalisediminis sp. nov., an alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from an alkaline lake
Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, alkaliphilic bacteria (strains MEB087T and MEB142) were isolated from sediment and water samples, respectively, collected from the alkaline Lonar Lake in Maharashtra, India. Strains MEB087T and MEB142 shared 99.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and were 85 % related on the basis of DNA–DNA hybridization. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of both strains showed close relationship with the genus Nitrincola, and their closest neighbour was Nitrincola lacisaponensis 4CAT with 97.7 % sequence similarity. MEB087T and MEB142 exhibited only 45 % and 54 % DNA–DNA relatedness, respectively, with Nitrincola lacisaponensis DSM 16316T. Both strains were asporogenous, short, non-motile rods capable of utilizing a limited range of organic acids as sole carbon and energy sources. They were oxidase- and catalase-positive, able to reduce nitrate and nitrite; but unable to degrade DNA, urea, gelatin, casein or starch. They grew optimally at pH 9.5 (tolerating up to pH 11) and could withstand up to 0.6 M NaCl. The predominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 comprising C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c (47–49 %) followed by summed feature 3 comprising C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c (28–32 %). The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G+C content was 49.3–49.7 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strains MEB087T and MEB142 represent a novel species in the genus Nitrincola, for which the name Nitrincola alkalisediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MEB087T ( = KCTC 42948T = JCM 19317T) with MEB142 ( = KCTC 42949 = JCM 19318) as an additional strain.
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Burkholderia jirisanensis sp. nov., isolated from forest soil
More LessA Gram-negative, catalase-positive, mesophilic, obligately aerobic bacterium designated JRM2-1T was isolated from forest soil of Jirisan Mountain, Republic of Korea, and its taxonomic position was investigated based on a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain JRM2-1T grew optimally at pH 5.0–7.0 and at 25 °C. Strain JRM2-1T was susceptible to chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, nalidixic acid, rifampicin, streptomycin and tetracycline. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the closest neighbour of strain JRM2-1T was Burkholderia rhizosphaerae WR43T (98.1 %). On the basis of our phylogenetic analysis, strain JRM2-1T is clearly distinguished from related species of the genus Burkholderia and is clustered with plant-associated members of the genus. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c. The polar lipid profile of strain JRM2-1T contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, several unidentified aminolipids and an unidentified aminophospholipid. The isoprenoid quinone of strain JRM2-1T was Q-8 and the DNA G+C content was 63.7 mol%. On the basis of our polyphasic taxonomic investigation, strain JRM2-1T is considered to represent a novel species in the genus Burkholderia, for which the name Burkholderia jirisanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JRM2-1T ( = AIM 0373T = KCTC 42072T = JCM 19985T).
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Lysobacter aestuarii sp. nov., isolated from estuary sediment
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile bacterium, designated strain S2-CT, was isolated from an estuary sediment in South Korea and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic investigation. Cells were catalase- and oxidase-positive rods without gliding motility. Growth of strain S2-CT was observed at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 5.5–9.0 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.5) and in the presence of 0–7.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–2 %). Only ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) was detected as the isoprenoid quinone and iso-C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl), iso-C11 : 0, iso-C11 : 0 3-OH and iso-C14 : 0 were found to be the major cellular fatty acids. Strain S2-CT contained phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol as the major polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 63.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, revealed that strain S2-CT formed a distinct phyletic lineage within the genus Lysobacter. Strain S2-CT was most closely related to Lysobacter daejeonensis GH1-9T with 97.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and the DNA–DNA relatedness value between strain S2-CT and the type strain of L. daejeonensis was 45.7 ± 2.2 %. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strain S2-CT clearly represents a novel species of the genus Lysobacter, for which the name Lysobacter aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S2-CT ( = KACC 18502T = JCM 31130T).
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Izhakiella capsodis gen. nov., sp. nov., in the family Enterobacteriaceae, isolated from the mirid bug Capsodes infuscatus
More LessGram-stain-negative, oxidase-negative, facultatively anaerobic, motile, rod-shaped, non-pigmented bacterial strains (N6PO6T, N8PO1 and N8PI1) were isolated from the mirid bug Capsodes infuscatus captured on Asphodelus aestivus plants. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of the strains shared 94.7–95.7 % similarity with species of the genus Pantoea and 95.6 % or less with species from other genera in the family Enterobacteriaceae. A polyphasic approach that included determination of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA, rpoB, gyrB and atpD gene sequences supported the classification of strains N6PO6T, N8PO1 and N8PI1 as representing a novel species of a new genus in the family Enterobacteriaceae. Strain N6PO6T, and the two reference strains of the novel species, grew at 1–37 °C, and in the presence of NaCl (up to 7.5 %, w/v) and sucrose (up to 60 %). Their major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C17 : 0 cyclo, C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 2 (C14 : 0 3-OH and/or iso-C16 : 1 I) and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The DNA G+C content of strain N6PO6T was 49.9 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, the mirid bug isolates are classified as representing a novel species in a new genus Izhakiella, in the family Enterobacteriaceae, for which the name Izhakiella capsodis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Izhakiella capsodis is N6PO6T ( = LMG 28430T = DSM 29293T).
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Pseudahrensia todarodis sp. nov., isolated from the gut of a Japanese flying squid, Todarodes pacificus
A novel Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, non-flagellated, aerobic, beige-coloured and rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain KHS02T, was isolated from the intestinal tract of a Japanese flying squid, Todarodes pacificus, which was collected from the East Sea, Korea. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain KHS02T formed a monophyletic clade with Pseudahrensia aquimaris HDW-32T, with which it had the highest sequence similarity (98.67 %). Strain KHS02T grew optimally at pH 7 with 2 % (w/v) NaCl at 25 °C on marine broth 2216, but could not grow without Na+. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The major fatty acids (>10 % of the total) were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c) and 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c. The polar lipids of strain KHS02T comprised phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The genomic DNA G+C content was 58.6 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization showed that the isolate shared 16.2 ± 1.3 % (reciprocal, 15.7 ± 2.8 %) genomic relatedness with the type strain of the closest species. In conclusion, this isolate is suggested to represent a novel species of the genus Pseudahrensia, for which the name Pseudahrensia todarodis is proposed. The type strain is KHS02T ( = KACC 18257T = JCM 30419T).
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Lysobacter terricola sp. nov., isolated from greenhouse soil
Strain 5GH22-11T, which was isolated from greenhouse soil in the Yangpyeong region, Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea, was characterized to be an aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, flagellated, rod-shaped bacterium. It could grow at temperatures from 10 to 33 °C (optimum of 28–30 °C), in the pH range of 6.0–10.0 (optimum of pH 7.0) and without NaCl. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 5GH18-14T showed the highest sequence similarities with Lysobacter niabensis GH34-4T (98.6 %), Lysobacter yangpyeongensis GH19-3T (98.1 %), ‘Lysobacter fragariae’ THG-DN8.7 (97.9 %), Lysobacter terrae THG-A13T (97.3 %), ‘Lysobacter rhizosphaerae’ THG-DN8.3 (97.2 %), ‘Lysobacter tyrosinelyticus’ THG-DN8.2 (97.2 %) and Lysobacter oryzae YC6269T (97.2 %), revealing less than 95.5 % sequence similarities with all other species with validly published names. Phylogenetic trees also indicated that strain 5GH18-14T formed a compact subcluster with L. niabensis GH34-4T, L. yangpyeongensis GH19-3T, L. terrae THG-A13T and L. oryzae YC6269T within the genus Lysobacter. The predominant quinone of strain 5GH18-14T was Q-8. The polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine in large amounts, and moderate or small amounts of three unknown phospholipids and two unknown aminophospholipids. DNA–DNA hybridization values with closely related species were below 70 %. The DNA G+C content was 65.9 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, physiological and chemotaxonomic data, it has been demonstrated that strain 5GH18-14T represents a novel species of the genus Lysobacter, for which the name Lysobacter terricola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 5GH18-14T ( = KACC 16954T = JCM 30862T).
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Pseudomonas populi sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from Populus euphratica
A Gram-stain negative, aerobic, non-motile, short-rod-shaped bacterium, designated KBL-4-9T, was isolated from the storage liquid in the stems of Populus euphratica trees in Xinjiang, PR China. Strain KBL-4-9T grew at 4–45 °C (optimum 37 °C), 1–3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1 %, w/v) and pH 5.5–9.5 (optimum pH 7.5). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain KBL-4-9T belonged to the genus Pseudomonas and showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.36 % to Pseudomonas pelagia CL-AP6T, followed by Pseudomonas xinjiangensis S3-3T (97.16 %), Pseudomonas sabulinigri J64T (97.15 %) and Pseudomonas xiamenensis C10-2T (96.47 %). Analysis of strain KBL-4-9T based on the three housekeeping genes, rpoB, rpoD and gyrB, further confirmed the phylogenetic assignment of the isolates. The DNA G+C content was 61.6 mol% (sd = 2.19). DNA–DNA hybridization with P. pelagia CL-AP6T, P. xinjiangensis S3-3T and P. sabulinigri J64T revealed 49.3 % (sd = 3.04), 41.2 % and 52.5 % (sd = 4.45) relatedness, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids of strain KBL-4-9T were C16 : 0, C12 : 0, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C17 : 0 cyclo. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-9. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties, strain KBL-4-9T is considered to represents a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas populi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KBL-4-9T ( = JCM 19138T = CCTCC AB 2013069T = NRRL B-59988T).
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Ehrlichia minasensis sp. nov., isolated from the tick Rhipicephalus microplus
Recently, we obtained a rickettsial isolate (Ehrlichia sp. UFMG-EVT) from the haemolymph of engorged Rhipicephalus microplus tick females. On the basis of maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA gene, groEL, dsb, gltA and trp36 sequences we showed that Ehrlichia sp. UFMG-EVT belongs to the α-Proteobacteria, family Anaplasmataceae, genus Ehrlichia. Ehrlichia sp. UFMG-EVT is a sister taxon of Ehrlichia canis with 16S rRNA gene, groEL, dsb, gltA and trp36 sequence similarities of 98.3 %, 97.2 %, 94.7 %, 94.3 % and 49.1 %, respectively. Ehrlichia sp. UFMG-EVT has been maintained in the laboratory by continuous passage in the IDE8 tick cell line where the ultrastructure was characterized using electron microscopy and was found to resemble that of E. canis, Ehrlichia muris and Ehrlichia chaffeensis, but not Ehrlichia ruminantium and Ehrlichia ewingii. We propose the name Ehrlichia minasensis sp. nov. for this bacterium to acknowledge the place from where it was initially isolated, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The type strain is strain Ehrlichia sp. UFMG-EVT ( = DSM 100393T = TCB-TBB-0018T).
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Azospirillum agricola sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing species isolated from cultivated soil
More LessA polyphasic approach was used to characterize a novel nitrogen-fixing bacterial strain, designated CC-HIH038T, isolated from cultivated soil in Taiwan. Cells of strain CC-HIH038T were Gram-stain-negative, facultatively aerobic and spiral-shaped, with motility provided by a single polar flagellum. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain CC-HIH038T showed highest sequence similarity to Azospirillum doebereinerae (98.0 %), Azospirillum thiophilum (97.5 %), Azospirillum rugosum (97.4 %) and Azospirillum zeae (97.2 %) and lower sequence similarity ( < 97.0 %) to all other species of the genus Azospirillum. According to DNA–DNA association, the relatedness values of strain CC-HIH038T with A. doebereinerae, A. thiophilum, A. rugosum and A. zeae were 51.8 %, 41.2 %, 56.5 % and 37.5 %, respectively. Strain CC-HIH038T was able to grow at 20–37 °C and pH 7.0–8.0. Strain CC-HIH038T gave positive amplification for dinitrogen reductase (nifH gene); the activity was recorded as 8.4 nmol ethylene h− 1. The predominant quinone system was ubiquinone Q-10 and the DNA G+C content was 68.8 mol%. The major fatty acids found in strain CC-HIH038T were C16 : 0, iso-C18 : 0, C16 : 0 3-OH, C14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C16 : 1 and C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c. Based on the distinct phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic traits together with results of comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain CC-HIH038T is considered to represent a novel species in the genus Azospirillum, for which the name Azospirillum agricola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-HIH038T ( = BCRC 80909T = JCM 30827T).
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Ampullimonas aquatilis gen. nov., sp. nov. isolated from bottled mineral water
More LessTwo isolates, designated B15.09-116T and B15.09-124, were recovered from bottled mineral water in Portugal. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, these strains were related most closely to species of the genus Derxia (belonging to the family Alcaligenaceae) with pairwise sequence similarities of 93.0–93.6 %. The isolates were not pigmented and formed Gram-stain-negative, short, motile rod-shaped cells. The organisms were strictly aerobic, oxidase-positive and catalase-negative. These organisms also fixed N2. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. Ubiquinone 8 was the major respiratory quinone. The DNA G+C content of strain B15.09-116T was 49.8 mol%. Based on phylogenetic, physiological and biochemical characteristics the two strains are considered to represent a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Ampullimonas aquatilis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Ampullimonas aquatilis is B15.09-116T ( = CECT 8581T = LMG 28208T).
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Xuhuaishuia manganoxidans gen. nov., sp. nov., a manganese-oxidizing bacterium isolated from deep-sea sediments from the Pacific Polymetallic Nodule Province
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, manganese-oxidizing bacterial strain, designated DY6-4T, was isolated from the surface sediment of the Pacific Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, indicated that strain DY6-4T formed a lineage within the family Rhodobacteraceae and was distinct from the most closely related genera Sulfitobacter, Aliiroseovarius and Loktanella (94.0–96.0 %, 93.4–96.0 % and 91.9–95.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, repectively). Optimal growth occurred in the presence of 1 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 7.0 and at 28 °C. Strain DY6-4T contained ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the major ubiquinone, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified aminolipid as the predominant polar lipids, C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) as the main fatty acids (>10 % of the total). The DNA G+C content of strain DY6-4T was 66.6 mol%. On the basis of the polyphasic analyses, strain DY6-4T is considered to represent a novel species of a novel genus in the Roseobacter clade of the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Xuhuaishuia manganoxidans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is DY6-4T ( = KCTC 42421T = MCCC 1K00502T).
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Arenimonas aestuarii sp. nov., isolated from estuary sediment
More LessA novel species of the genus Arenimonas, represented by strain S2-21T, was isolated from an estuary of Asan in South Korea. Cells of strain S2-21T were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile rods that were oxidase- and catalase-positive. Growth of strain S2-21T was observed at 15–40 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C), at pH 7.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–2.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). The major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C11 : 0 3-OH, iso-C16 : 0, summed feature 9 (comprising iso-C17 : 1ω9c and/or C16 : 0 10-methyl), anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C11 : 0. The only respiratory quinone detected was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) and the major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanol and two unknown phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 62.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain S2-21T formed a tight phyletic lineage with Arenimonas donghaensis HO3-R19T within the genus Arenimonas. Strain S2-21T was related most closely to A. donghaensis HO3-R19T at 98.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and the mean DNA–DNA relatedness value between strain S2-21T and the type strain of A. donghaensis was 23.6 ± 2.2 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular features, strain S2-21T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Arenimonas, for which the name Arenimonas aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S2-21T ( = KACC 18504T = JCM 31129T).
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Novosphingobium piscinae sp. nov., isolated from a fish culture pond
More LessA bacterial strain designated SLH-16T was isolated from a fish culture pond in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain SLH-16T were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile rods that were covered by large capsules and formed yellow colonies. Growth occurred at 20–40 °C (optimum, 37–40 °C), at pH 4.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 5.0–6.0) and with 0–0.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SLH-16T belonged to the genus Novosphingobium and was related most closely to Novosphingobium taihuense T3-B9T with sequence similarity of 97.3 %. The major fatty acids (>10 %) of strain SLH-16T were C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The major 2-hydroxy fatty acid was C14 : 0 2-OH. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylcholine and several uncharacterized lipids. The major polyamine was spermidine. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The DNA G+C content was 65.2 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization value for strain SLH-16T and the type strain of N. taihuense was less than 43.2 %. Phenotypic characteristics of the novel strain also differed from those of the closest related species of the genus Novosphingobium. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain SLH-16T represents a novel species in the genus Novosphingobium, for which the name Novosphingobium piscinae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SLH-16T ( = BCRC 80888T = LMG 28418T = KCTC 42194T).
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Marinobacterium profundum sp. nov., a marine bacterium from deep-sea sediment
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and motile strain, designated PAMC 27536T, was isolated from deep-sea sediment in the East Sea, Korea. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strain showed an affiliation with the genus Marinobacterium. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that strain PAMC 27536T was related most closely to Marinobacterium rhizophilum CL-YJ9T with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98.5 % and to other members of the genus Marinobacterium (94.0–91.7 %). Genomic relatedness analyses between strain PAMC 27536T and M. rhizophilum KCCM 42386T gave an average nucleotide identity of 85.6 % and an estimated DNA–DNA hybridization of 24.6 % using the genome-to-genome distance calculator, indicating that they represent genomically distinct species. Cells of strain PAMC 27536T grew optimally at 25–30 °C and pH 7.0–7.5 in the presence of 3 % (w/v) sea salts. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c, C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c, and C16 : 0. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The genomic DNA G+C content was 56.1–57.2 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic, genomic and phenotypic data presented, a novel species with the name Marinobacterium profundum sp. nov. is proposed, with PAMC 27536T ( = KCCM 43095T = JCM 30410T) as the type strain.
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Erwinia gerundensis sp. nov., a cosmopolitan epiphyte originally isolated from pome fruit trees
A survey to obtain potential antagonists of pome fruit tree diseases yielded two yellow epiphytic bacterial isolates morphologically similar to Pantoea agglomerans, but showing no biocontrol activity. Whole-cell MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and analysis of 16S rRNA gene and gyrB sequences suggested the possibility of a novel species with a phylogenetic position in either the genus Pantoea or the genus Erwinia. Multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) placed the two strains in the genus Erwinia and supported their classification as a novel species. The strains showed general phenotypic characteristics typical of this genus and results of DNA–DNA hybridizations confirmed that they represent a single novel species. Both strains showed a DNA G+C content, as determined by HPLC, of 54.5 mol% and could be discriminated from phylogenetically related species of the genus Erwinia by their ability to utilize potassium gluconate, potassium 2-ketogluconate, maltose, melibiose and raffinose. Whole-genome sequencing of strain EM595T revealed the presence of a chromosomal carotenoid biosynthesis gene cluster similar to those found in species of the genera Cronobacter and Pantoea that explains the pigmentation of the strain, which is atypical for the genus Erwinia. Additional strains belonging to the same species were recovered from different plant hosts in three different continents, revealing the cosmopolitan nature of this epiphyte. The name Erwinia gerundensis sp. nov. is proposed, with EM595T ( = LMG 28990T = CCOS 903T) as the designated type strain.
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Marinagarivorans algicola gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from marine algae
More LessTwo novel agar-degrading, Gram-stain-negative, motile, heterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic and pale yellow-pigmented bacterial strains, designated Z1T and JL1, were isolated from marine algae Gelidium amansii (Lamouroux) and Gracilaria verrucosa, respectively. Growth of the isolates was optimal at 28–30 °C, pH 7.0–7.5 and with 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl. Both strains contained Q-8 as the sole respiratory quinone. The major cellular fatty acids in strain Z1T were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The predominant polar lipids in strain Z1T were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an aminolipid. The genomic DNA G+C content of both strains was 45.1 mol%. Strains Z1T and JL1 were closely related, with 99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) value between strains Z1T and JL1 was 99.3 %. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains Z1T and JL1 form a distinct phyletic line within the class Gammaproteobacteria, with less than 92.3 % similarity to their closest relatives. Based on data from the current polyphasic study, the isolates are proposed to belong to a novel species of a new genus designated Marinagarivorans algicola gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of the type species is Z1T ( = ATCC BAA-2617T = CICC 10859T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Mucilaginibacter roseus sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater river
More LessA bacterial strain, designated TTM-1T, was isolated from a water sample taken from the Caohu River in Taiwan and characterized in a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain TTM-1T were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped and covered by large capsules, and formed pink-coloured colonies. Growth occurred at 10–37 °C (optimum 30–37 °C), at pH 6–8 (optimum pH 6–7) and with 0–2 % NaCl (optimum 0.5 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TTM-1T belonged to the genus Mucilaginibacter and was most closely related to Mucilaginibacter defluvii A5T with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.3 %. The predominant fatty acids of strain TTM-1T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c; 37.1 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (30.7 %). The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and several uncharacterized aminophospholipids and phospholipids. The major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 45.1 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness of strain TTM-1T with respect to recognized species of the genus Mucilaginibacter was less than 70 %. On the basis of the phylogenetic inference and phenotypic data, strain TTM-1T represents a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter, for which the name Mucilaginibacter roseus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TTM-1T ( = LMG 28454T = KCTC 42273T).
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Anseongella ginsenosidimutans gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from soil cultivating ginseng
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, oxidase and catalase-positive, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain Gsoil 524T, was isolated from the soil of a ginseng field and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, placed Gsoil 524T in a distinct lineage in the family Sphingobacteriaceae, sharing 87.2–88.0 % sequence similarity with members of the closely related genera Pedobacter, Mucilaginibacter and Solitalea. Strain Gsoil 524T contained MK-7 as the predominant quinone, and iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 1ω5c as the major fatty acids. Strain Gsoil 524T could be distinguished from the other members of the family Sphingobacteriaceae by a number of chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics. The major polar lipids in strain Gsoil 524T were phosphatidylethanolamine and two unidentified polar lipids. Compared with the standard and reference strains unidentified sphingolipid was also found. Based on this polyphasic taxonomic analysis, strain Gsoil 524T represents a novel species within a novel genus, for which the name Anseongella ginsenosidimutans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Anseongella ginsenosidimutans is Gsoil 524T ( = KACC 14636T = KCTC 22261T = LMG 24494T).
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