1887

Abstract

The cellular lipids of 11 strains of and 10 strains of non-enteropathogenic, weakly beta-hemolytic spirochetes classified as were extracted with chloroform-methanol and analyzed by thin-layer and gas-liquid chromatography for fatty acids, alkenyl moieties, alkenyl ether lipid compositions, monoglycosyldiglyceride, acylmonoglycosyldiglyceride, and the types of sugars in the glycolipids. Most strains were distinguishable at the species level on the basis of the ratio of 14:0 to iso-15:0 alkenyl moieties; 14:0 moieties predominated in most strains, whereas most strains classified as contained more iso-15:0 moieties. The other aspects of lipid composition were not useful for differentiation. All of the strains had similar cellular fatty acid profiles and contained monoglycosyldiglyceride. The mean alkenyl ether lipid compositions were 48 and 32% of the total lipids of strains of and respectively. Galactose was the predominant sugar in the glycolipids of 18 strains, 17 of which also contained acylmonoglycosyldiglyceride. Three strains classified as contained primarily glucose in their glycolipids and did not contain acylmonoglycosyldiglyceride. Gas-liquid chromatographic determinations of the alkenyl chain profiles of the extractable cellular lipids provided useful information for differentiation of the etiological agent of swine dysentery from morphologically similar, nonpathogenic spirochetes.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-34-2-160
1984-04-01
2024-04-19
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/ijsem/34/2/ijs-34-2-160.html?itemId=/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-34-2-160&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Baum D. H., Joens L. A. 1979; Serotypes of beta-hemolytic Treponema hyodysenteriae. . Infect. Immun. 25:792–796
    [Google Scholar]
  2. Braunthal S. D., Holt S. C., Tanner A. C. R., Socransky S. S. 1980; Cellular fatty acid composition of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans and Haemophilus aphrophilus. . J. Clin. Microbiol. 11:625–630
    [Google Scholar]
  3. Burrows M. R., Lemcke R. M. 1981; Identification of Treponema hyodysenteriae by a rapid slide agglutination test.. Vet. Rec. 108:187–189
    [Google Scholar]
  4. Goldfine H., Hagen P.-O. 1972; Bacterial plasmalogens,. 329–350 Synder F. Ether lipids, chemistry and biology Academic Press, Inc.; New York:
    [Google Scholar]
  5. Hanson A. W. 1970; Isolation of spirochaetes from primates and other mammalian species.. Br. J. Vener. Dis. 46:303–306
    [Google Scholar]
  6. Harris D. L., Glock R. D., Christensen C. R., Kinyon J. M. 1972; Swine dysentery. I. Inoculation of pigs with Treponema hyodysenteriae (new species) and reproduction of the disease. Vet. Med. Small Anim. Clin. 67:61–64
    [Google Scholar]
  7. Harris D. L., Kinyon J. M. 1974; Significance of anaerobic spirochetes in the intestines of animals.. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 27:1297–1304
    [Google Scholar]
  8. Hovind-Hougen K., Birch-Andersen A., Hemik-Nielsen R., Orholm M., Pedersen J. O., Teglbjaerg P. S., Thaysen E. H. 1982; Intestinal spirochetosis: morphological characterization and cultivation of the spirochete Brachyspira aalborgi gen. nov., sp. nov. J. Clin. Microbiol. 16:1127–1136
    [Google Scholar]
  9. Hunter D., Wood T. 1979; An evaluation of the API ZYM system as a means of classifying spirochaetes associated with swine dysentery.. Vet. Rec. 104:383–384
    [Google Scholar]
  10. Jantzen E., Lassen J. 1980; Characterization of Yersinia species by analysis of whole-cell fatty acids.. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 30:421–428
    [Google Scholar]
  11. Joens L. A., Glock R. D. 1979; Experimental infection in mice with Treponema hyodysenteriae. . Infect. Immun. 25:757–760
    [Google Scholar]
  12. Joens L. A., Glock R. D., Kinyon J. M. 1980; Differentiation of Treponema hyodysenteriae from T. innocens by enteropathogenicity testing in the CF1 mouse. Vet. Rec. 107:527–529
    [Google Scholar]
  13. Kinyon J. M., Harris D. L. 1979; Treponema innocens, a new species of intestinal bacteria, and emended description of the type strain of Treponema hyodysenteriae Harris et al.. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 29:102–109
    [Google Scholar]
  14. Kinyon J. M., Harris D. L., Glock R. D. 1977; Enteropathogenicity of various isolates of Treponema hyodysenteriae. . Infect. Immun. 15:638–646
    [Google Scholar]
  15. Knoop F. C. 1979; Experimental infection of rabbit ligated ileal loops with Treponema hyodysenteriae. . Infect. Immun. 26:1196–1201
    [Google Scholar]
  16. Lechevalier M. P. 1977; Lipids in bacterial taxonomy—a taxon-omist’s view. Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 5:109–210
    [Google Scholar]
  17. Lemcke R. M., Bew J., Burrows M. R., Lysons R. J. 1979; The growth of Treponema hyodysenteriae and other porcine intestinal spirochaetes in a liquid medium. Res. Vet. Sci. 26:315–319
    [Google Scholar]
  18. Lemcke R. M., Burrows M. R. 1979; A disc growth-inhibition test for differentiating Treponema hyodysenteriae from other intestinal spirochaetes. Vet. Rec. 104:548–551
    [Google Scholar]
  19. Lemcke R., Burrows M. R. 1981; A comparative study of spirochaetes from the porcine alimentary tract. J. Hyg. 86:173–182
    [Google Scholar]
  20. Livermore B. P., Bey R. F., Johnson R. C. 1978; Lipid metabolism of Borrelia hermsi. . Infect. Immun. 20:215–220
    [Google Scholar]
  21. Livermore B. P., Johnson R. C. 1974; Lipids of the Spirochaetales: comparison of the lipids of several members of the genera Spirochaeta, Treponema, and Leptospira. . J. Bacteriol. 120:1268–1273
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Livermore B. P., Johnson R. C. 1975; The lipids of four unusual non-pathogenic host-associated spirochetes.. Can. J. Microbiol. 21:1877–1880
    [Google Scholar]
  23. Matthews H. M., Yang T.-K., Jenkin H. M. 1979; Unique lipid composition of Treponema pallidum (Nichols virulent strain).. Infect. Immun. 24:713–719
    [Google Scholar]
  24. Matthews H. M., Yang T.-K., Jenkin H. M. 1980; Alk-1-enyl ether phospholipids (plasmalogens) and glycolipids of Treponema hyodysenteriae. Analysis of acyl and alk-1-enyl moieties. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 618:273–281
    [Google Scholar]
  25. Matthews H. M., Yang T.-K., Jenkin H. M. 1980; Treponema innocens lipids and further description of an unusual galactolipid of Treponema hyodysenteriae. . J. Bacteriol. 143:1151–1155
    [Google Scholar]
  26. Mayberry W. R., Lambe D. W. Jr., Ferguson K. P. 1982; Identification of Bacteroides species by cellular fatty acid profiles.. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 32:21–27
    [Google Scholar]
  27. Meyer H., Meyer F. 1971; Lipid metabolism in the parasitic and free-living spirochetes Treponema pallidum (Reiter) and Treponema zuelzerae. . Biochim. Biophys. Acta 231:93–106
    [Google Scholar]
  28. Miao R. M., Fieldsteel A. H., Harris D. L. 1978; Genetics of Treponema: characterization of Treponema hyodysenteriae and its relationship to Treponema pallidum. . Infect. Immun. 22:736–739
    [Google Scholar]
  29. Miyagawa E. 1982; Cellular fatty acid and fatty aldehyde composition of rumen bacteria. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. 28:389–408
    [Google Scholar]
  30. Moss C. W. 1978; New methodology for the identification of nonfermenters: gas-liquid chromatographic chemotaxonomy,. 171–201 Gilardi G. L. Glucose nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria in clinical microbiology CRC Press; West Palm Beach, Fla:
    [Google Scholar]
  31. Picard B., Lariviere S., Saheb S. A. 1980; Comparative study of the biochemical characteristics of hemolytic trepo-nemes isolated from pigs. Can J. Microbiol. 26:985–991
    [Google Scholar]
  32. Turek J. J., Meyer R. C. 1977; Studies on a canine intestinal spirochete. I. Its isolation, cultivation and ultrastruc-ture.. Can. J. Comp. Med. 41:332–337
    [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-34-2-160
Loading
/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-34-2-160
Loading

Data & Media loading...

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error