%0 Journal Article %A Segerer, Andreas %A Neuner, Annemarie %A Kristjansson, Jakob K. %A Stetter, Karl O. %T Acidianus infernus gen. nov., sp. nov., and Acidianus brierleyi Comb. nov.: Facultatively Aerobic, Extremely Acidophilic Thermophilic Sulfur-Metabolizing Archaebacteria %D 1986 %J International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, %V 36 %N 4 %P 559-564 %@ 1466-5034 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-36-4-559 %I Microbiology Society, %X A new genus, Acidianus, is characterized from studies of 26 isolates of thermoacidophilic archaebacteria from different solfatara fields and marine hydrothermal systems; these isolates grow as facultative aerobes by lithotrophic oxidation and reduction of SO, respectively, and are therefore different from the strictly aerobic Sulfolobus species. The Acidianus isolates have a deoxyribonucleic acid guanine-plus-cytosine content of 31 mol%. In contrast, two of three Sulfolobus species, including the type species, have a guanine-plus-cytosine content of 37 mol%; Sulfolobus brierleyi is the exception, with a guanine-plus-cytosine content of 31 mol%. In contrast to its earlier descriptions, S. brierleyi is able to grow strictly anaerobically by hydrogen-sulfur autotrophy. Therefore, it is described here as a member of the genus Acidianus. The following species are assigned to the genus Acidianus: Acidianus infernus sp. nov. (type strain, strain DSM 3191) and Acidianus brierleyi comb. nov. (type strain, strain DSM 1651). %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-36-4-559