@article{mbs:/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-49-3-1025, author = "Padden, A. Nikki. and Dillon, Vivian M. and Edmonds, John. and Collins, M. David. and Alvarez, Nerea. and John, Philip.", title = "An indigo-reducing moderate thermophile from a woad vat, Clostridium isatidis sp. nov.", journal= "International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology", year = "1999", volume = "49", number = "3", pages = "1025-1031", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/00207713-49-3-1025", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-49-3-1025", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1466-5034", type = "Journal Article", keywords = "indigo reduction", keywords = "Clostridium isatidis sp. nov.", keywords = "moderate thermophile", keywords = "phylogeny", abstract = "A Gram-positive, anaerobic, moderate thermophile, strain Wv6T, capable of reducing indigo dye, was isolated from a fermenting woad vat prepared essentially as in medieval Europe. Strain Wv6T formed rod-shaped cells, which occurred singly, in pairs or in chains and produced terminal oval endospores Strain Wv6T was saccharolytic. Growth occurred at pH 5.9-9.9 (initial pH) with an optimum at 50 °C of pH 7.2±0.2 (constant pH). At pH 7.8, the temperature range for growth was 30-55 °C with the optimum at 49-52 °C. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the bacterium represents a hitherto unknown subline within rRNA cluster I Clostridium. Based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis and phenotypic criteria, it is proposed that the unknown moderate thermophile should be classified as Clostridium isatidi sp. nov., a new species of the genus Clostridium. The type strain of Clostridium isatidis is strain Wv6T (= NCFB 3071T).", }