%0 Journal Article %A Shimane, Yasuhiro %A Hatada, Yuji %A Minegishi, Hiroaki %A Echigo, Akinobu %A Nagaoka, Syuhei %A Miyazaki, Masayuki %A Ohta, Yukari %A Maruyama, Tadashi %A Usami, Ron %A Grant, William D. %A Horikoshi, Koki %T Salarchaeum japonicum gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic, extremely halophilic member of the Archaea isolated from commercial salt %D 2011 %J International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, %V 61 %N 9 %P 2266-2270 %@ 1466-5034 %R https://doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.025064-0 %I Microbiology Society, %X Strain YSM-79T was isolated from commercial salt made from seawater in Yonaguni island, Okinawa, Japan. The strain is an aerobic, Gram-negative, chemo-organotrophic and extremely halophilic archaeon. Cells are short rods that lyse in distilled water. Growth occurs at 1.5–5.3 M NaCl (optimum 2.5–3.0 M), pH 5.0–8.8 (optimum pH 5.2–6.3) and 20–55 °C (optimum 40 °C). Mg2+ is required for growth, with maximum growth at 200–300 mM Mg2+. Polar lipid analysis revealed the presence of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerophosphate methyl ester, sulfated diglycosyl diether-1 and five unidentified glycolipids. The G+C content of the DNA was 64 mol%. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain YSM-79T was determined to be a member of the family Halobacteriaceae, with the closest related genus being Halobacterium (94 % sequence identity). In addition, the rpoB′ gene sequence of strain YSM-79T had <88 % sequence similarity to those of other members of the family Halobacteriaceae. The results of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis suggested that strain YSM-79T should be placed in a new genus, Salarchaeum gen. nov., as a representative of Salarchaeum japonicum sp. nov. The type strain is YSM-79T ( = JCM 16327T  = CECT 7563T). %U https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijs.0.025064-0