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Abstract

Magnetotactic bacteria are a morphologically, metabolically and phylogenetically disparate array of bacteria united by the ability to biomineralize membrane-encased, single-magnetic-domain mineral crystals (magnetosomes) that cause the cell to orientate along the Earth’s geomagnetic field. The most commonly observed type of magnetotactic bacteria is the ubiquitous magnetotactic cocci, which comprise their own phylogenetic group. Strain MC-1, a member of this group, was isolated from water collected from the oxic–anoxic interface of the Pettaquamscutt Estuary in Rhode Island, USA, and cultivated in axenic culture. Cells of strain MC-1 are roughly spherical, with two sheathed bundles of flagella at a single pole (bilophotrichous). Strain MC-1 uses polar magnetotaxis, and has a single chain of magnetite crystals per cell. Cells grow chemolithoautotrophically with thiosulfate or sulfide as the electron donors, and chemo-organoheterotrophically on acetate. During autotrophic growth, strain MC-1 relies on the reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle for CO fixation. The DNA G+C content is 54.2 mol%. The new genus and species gen. nov., sp. nov. are proposed to accommodate strain MC-1 ( = ATCC BAA-1437  = JCM 17883), which is nominated as the type strain of . A new order ( ord. nov.) and family ( fam. nov.) are proposed for the reception of and related magnetotactic cocci, which are provisionally included in the as the most basal known lineage of this class.

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • US National Science Foundation (NSF) (Award EAR-0920718)
  • Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale FRM (Award SPF20101220993)
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2013-03-01
2024-03-28
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