1887

Abstract

An obligately anaerobic, psychrophilic spirochaete, strain MO-SPC1, was isolated from a methanogenic microbial community grown in a continuous-flow bioreactor. Originally, this community was obtained from subseafloor sediments off the Shimokita Peninsula of Japan in the north-western Pacific Ocean. The cells were motile, Gram-stain-negative, helical, 0.25–0.55×3.6–15 µm, with a wavelength of approximately 0.5–0.6 µm. Strain MO-SPC1 grew at 0–18 °C (optimally at 15 °C), at pH 6.0–7.5 (optimally at pH 6.8–7.0) and in 20–70 g NaCl l (optimally at 30–40 NaCl l). The strain grew chemo-organotrophically with mono-, di- and polysaccharides. The major end products of glucose fermentation were acetate, ethanol, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The abundant polar lipids of strain MO-SPC1 were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, unknown phospholipids and an unknown lipid. The major cellular fatty acids (>5 % of the total) were C, C, iso-C, iso-C, iso-C, anteiso-C and anteiso-C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of the fatty acids iso-C and anteiso-C from a species of the genus . Isoprenoid quinones were not found. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 39.8 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence-based phylogenetic analysis showed that strain MO-SPC1 was affiliated with the genus , and its closest relatives were MA-2 (95.6 % sequence identity) and R1 (89.4 %). Based on its phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic traits, strain MO-SPC1 is placed in a separate taxon at the level of a novel species within the genus for which the name sp. nov. is proposed, reflecting its true psychrophilic physiology. The type strain is MO-SPC1 ( = JCM 17280 = DSM 23951). To our knowledge, this is the first report of an isolate of the phylum from a deep-sea sedimentary environment, and of an obligately psychrophilic nature.

Funding
This study was supported by the:
  • Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
  • Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
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2014-08-01
2024-03-28
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