@article{mbs:/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.002636, author = "Hirota, Kikue and Nishita, Masatoshi and Tu, Zhihao and Matsuyama, Hidetoshi and Yumoto, Isao", title = "Bacillus fermenti sp. nov., an indigo-reducing obligate alkaliphile isolated from indigo fermentation liquor for dyeing", journal= "International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology", year = "2018", volume = "68", number = "4", pages = "1123-1129", doi = "https://doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.002636", url = "https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/ijsem.0.002636", publisher = "Microbiology Society", issn = "1466-5034", type = "Journal Article", keywords = "indigo reduction", keywords = "Bacillus fermenti", keywords = "indigo fermentation liquor", keywords = "alkaliphilic", abstract = "The indigo-reducing, facultatively anaerobic and obligately alkaliphilic strains Bf-1T, Bf-2 and Bf-4 were isolated from an indigo fermentation liquor used for dyeing, which uses sukumo [composted Polygonum indigo (Polygonum tinctorium Lour.) leaves] as a basic ingredient and was obtained from a craft centre in Date City, Hokkaido, Japan. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses indicated that the closest neighbours of strain Bf-1T are Bacillus maritimus DSM 100413T (98.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Bacillus persicus DSM 25386T (98.2 %) and Bacillus rigiliprofundi LMG 28275T (97.7 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain Bf-1T was almost identical to the sequences of strains Bf-2 and Bf-4 (99.9 %). Cells of strain Bf-1T stained Gram-positive and formed straight rods that achieved motility through a pair of subpolar flagella. Strain Bf-1T grew at temperatures of between 15 and 45 °C with optimum growth at 33‒40 °C. The strain grew in the pH range of pH 8‒12, with optimum growth at pH 10. The isoprenoid quinone detected was menaquinone-7 (MK-7), and the DNA G+C content was 41.7 %. The whole-cell fatty acid profile mainly (>10 %) consisted of iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. Phylogenetically related neighbours, although demonstrating high 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (>97.6 %) with strain Bf-1T, exhibited less than 9 % relatedness in DNA–DNA hybridization experiments. Based on evidence from this polyphasic study, the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Bacillus fermenti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of this species is Bf-1T (=JCM 31807T=NCIMB 15079T).", }