- Volume 54, Issue 3, 2004
Volume 54, Issue 3, 2004
- New Taxa
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- Proteobacteria
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Sphingomonas yabuuchiae sp. nov. and Brevundimonas nasdae sp. nov., isolated from the Russian space laboratory Mir
On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, novel species belonging to the genera Sphingomonas and Brevundimonas were identified from samples taken from the Russian space laboratory Mir. Strain A1-18T was isolated from the air. 16S rDNA sequence analysis showed that strain A1-18T formed a coherent cluster with Sphingomonas sanguinis, Sphingomonas parapaucimobilis, Sphingomonas paucimobilis and Sphingomonas roseiflava with sequence similarity of 97·5–98·6 %. Similar to other Sphingomonas species, the G+C content was 66·1 mol%, but DNA–DNA hybridization rates at optimal temperatures among these related species were only 24·7–51·7 %. Strain A1-18T can be differentiated biochemically from related species. Strain W1-2BT was isolated from condensation water. It forms a distinct lineage within the genus Brevundimonas, forming a coherent cluster with Brevundimonas vesicularis, Brevundimonas aurantiaca and Brevundimonas intermedia. 16S rDNA sequence similarities were 98·6–99·5 % and the G+C content was 66·5 mol%, similar to other Brevundimonas species, but DNA–DNA relatedness was only 50·2–54·8 %. Strain W1-2BT also showed some differential biochemical properties from its related species. A series of polyphasic taxonomic studies led to the proposal of two novel species, Sphingomonas yabuuchiae sp. nov. (type strain A1-18T=GTC 868T=JCM 11416T=DSM 14562T) and Brevundimonas nasdae sp. nov. (type strain W1-2BT=GTC 1043T=JCM 11415T=DSM 14572T).
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Vibrio gallicus sp. nov., isolated from the gut of the French abalone Haliotis tuberculata
Five alginolytic, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile bacteria were isolated from the gut of the abalone Haliotis tuberculata. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rDNA data indicated that these strains are related to Vibrio wodanis, Vibrio salmonicida, Vibrio logei and Vibrio fischeri (but with <97 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). DNA–DNA hybridization and fluorescence amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting demonstrated that the five strains constituted a single species that was different from all currently known vibrios. The name Vibrio gallicus sp. nov. (type strain, CIP 107863T=LMG 21878T=HT2-1T; DNA G+C content, 43·6–44·3 mol%) is proposed for this novel taxon. Several phenotypic features were disclosed that discriminated V. gallicus from other Vibrio species: V. gallicus can be differentiated from Vibrio halioticoli on the basis of four traits (β-galactosidase test and assimilation of three carbon compounds) and from Vibrio superstes by 16 traits.
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Pseudomonas lutea sp. nov., a novel phosphate-solubilizing bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of grasses
A phosphate-solubilizing bacterial strain designated OK2T was isolated from rhizospheric soil of grasses growing spontaneously in a soil from Spain. Cells of the strain were Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped and motile. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that this bacterium belongs to the γ-subclass of Proteobacteria within the genus Pseudomonas and that the closest related species is Pseudomonas graminis. The strain produced catalase but not oxidase. Cellulose, casein, starch, gelatin and urea were not hydrolysed. Aesculin was hydrolysed. Growth was observed with many carbohydrates as carbon sources. The main non-polar fatty acids detected were hexadecenoic acid (16 : 1), hexadecanoic acid (16 : 0) and octadecenoic acid (18 : 1). The hydroxy fatty acids detected were 3-hydroxydecanoic acid (3-OH 10 : 0), 3-hydroxydodecanoic acid (3-OH 12 : 0) and 2-hydroxydodecanoic acid (2-OH 12 : 0). The G+C DNA content determined was 59·3 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization showed 48·7 % relatedness between strain OK2T and P. graminis DSM 11363T and 26·2 % with respect to Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae LMG 21640T. Therefore, these results indicate that strain OK2T (=LMG 21974T=CECT 5822T) belongs to a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, and the name Pseudomonas lutea sp. nov. is proposed.
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Herbaspirillum chlorophenolicum sp. nov., a 4-chlorophenol-degrading bacterium
More LessA 4-chlorophenol-degrading bacterial strain, formerly designated as a strain of Comamonas testosteroni, was reclassified as a member of the genus Herbaspirillum based on its phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, as well as phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA sequences. Phylogenetic inference based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that strain CPW301T clusters in a phylogenetic branch that contains Herbaspirillum species. 16S rDNA sequence similarity of strain CPW301T to species of the genus Herbaspirillum with validly published names is in the range 98·7–98·9 %. Despite the considerably high 16S rDNA sequence similarity, strain CPW301T could be distinguished clearly from type strains of Herbaspirillum species with validly published names by DNA–DNA relatedness values, which were <15·7 %. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain CPW301T is 61·3 mol%. The predominant ubiquinone is Q-8 and the major cellular fatty acids are C16 : 0 and cyclo-C17 : 0. The strain does not fix nitrogen and is not plant-associated. It is an aerobic rod with one unipolar flagellum. On the basis of these characteristics, a novel Herbaspirillum species, Herbaspirillum chlorophenolicum sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of the novel species is strain CPW301T (=KCTC 12096T=IAM 15024T).
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Collimonas fungivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a chitinolytic soil bacterium with the ability to grow on living fungal hyphae
A polyphasic approach was used to describe the phylogenetic position of 22 chitinolytic bacterial isolates that were able to grow at the expense of intact, living hyphae of several soil fungi. These isolates, which were found in slightly acidic dune soils in the Netherlands, were strictly aerobic, Gram-negative rods. Cells grown in liquid cultures were flagellated and possessed pili. A wide range of sugars, alcohols, organic acids and amino acids could be metabolized, whereas several di- and trisaccharides could not be used as substrates. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and C18 : 1 ω7c. DNA G+C contents were 57–62 mol%. Analysis of nearly full-length 16S rDNA sequences showed that the isolates were related closely to each other (>98·6 % sequence similarity) and could be assigned to the β-Proteobacteria, family ‘Oxalobacteraceae’, order ‘Burkholderiales’. The most closely related species belonged to the genera Herbaspirillum and Janthinobacterium, exhibiting 95·9–96·7 % (Herbaspirillum species) and 94·3–95·6 % (Janthinobacterium species) 16S rDNA sequence similarity to the isolates. Several physiological and biochemical properties indicated that the isolates could be distinguished clearly from both of these genera. Therefore, it is proposed that the isolates described in this study are representatives of a novel genus, Collimonas gen. nov. Genomic fingerprinting (BOX-PCR), detailed analysis of 16S rDNA patterns and physiological characterization (Biolog) of the isolates revealed the existence of four subclusters. The name Collimonas fungivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. has been given to one subcluster (four isolates) that appears to be in the centre of the novel genus; isolates in the other subclusters have been tentatively named Collimonas sp. The type strain of Collimonas fungivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is Ter6T (=NCCB 100033T=LMG 21973T).
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Emendation of the genus Acidomonas Urakami, Tamaoka, Suzuki and Komagata 1989
More LessThe genus Acidomonas and the species Acidomonas methanolica were recharacterized by using the type strain (NRIC 0498T), three reference strains and 10 methanol-utilizing bacteria that were isolated from activated sludge from three different sewage-treatment plants in Tokyo. Based on 16S rDNA sequences, all strains formed a single cluster within the Acetobacteraceae that was clearly different from the genera Acetobacter, Gluconobacter, Gluconacetobacter, Asaia and Kozakia. The 14 strains were identified as a single species, Acidomonas methanolica, by DNA–DNA similarities, showed DNA G+C contents that ranged from 62 to 63 mol% and had Q-10 as the major quinone, accounting for >87 % of total ubiquinones. Cells of Acidomonas methanolica had a single polar flagellum (or occasionally polar tuft flagella); this differs from a previous study that described peritrichous flagella. Oxidation of acetate was positive for all strains, but oxidation of lactate was weakly positive and varied with strains. Dihydroxyacetone was not produced from glycerol. Pantothenic acid was an essential requirement for growth. The strains tested grew at mostly the same extent at pH 3·0–8·0. Therefore, Acidomonas methanolica should be regarded as acidotolerant, not acidophilic. The descriptions of the genus Acidomonas and the species Acidomonas methanolica Urakami, Tamaoka, Suzuki and Komagata 1989 are emended with newly obtained data.
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Catellibacterium nectariphilum gen. nov., sp. nov., which requires a diffusible compound from a strain related to the genus Sphingomonas for vigorous growth
A bacterial strain, designated AST4T, was isolated from activated sludge. The bacterium did not show significant growth on nutrient broth, but growth was clearly stimulated by addition of supernatant from other bacterial cultures. Culture filtrate of a strain related to the genus Sphingomonas in particular increased the cell yield and growth rate of strain AST4T. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain AST4T is located within the ‘Rhodobacter group’ in the α-3 subclass of Proteobacteria, but is clearly distant from related genera in this group such as Paracoccus, Rhodobacter and Rhodovulum. Strain AST4T is a Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped (0·6–0·8×1·3–2·0 μm) and aerobic bacterium. It was not able to reduce nitrate to nitrite or N2. No phototrophic growth was observed. Optimal growth occurred at 30 °C and pH 6·5–7·5. The dominant cellular fatty acid in the isolate was C18 : 1 cis11. Ubiquinone-10 was the major respiratory quinone. The G+C content was 64·5 mol% (by HPLC). Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic traits, the name Catellibacterium nectariphilum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for this isolate; the type strain is AST4T (=NBRC 100046T=JCM 11959T=DSM 15620T).
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- Gram-Positive Bacteria
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Mycobacterium saskatchewanense sp. nov., a novel slowly growing scotochromogenic species from human clinical isolates related to Mycobacterium interjectum and Accuprobe-positive for Mycobacterium avium complex
A pigmented, slowly growing Mycobacterium avium complex AccuProbe-positive organism was isolated from the sputum and pleural fluid of a 72-year-old female with bronchiectasis. The unusual morphology of the organism prompted further identification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealing a perfect identity with previously uncharacterized strain Mycobacterium sp. MCRO 8 (GenBank accession no. X93034), with the closest established species by 16S rDNA analysis being Mycobacterium interjectum. HPLC of the organism corresponded to previously obtained patterns identified as M. interjectum-like and, upon sequence evaluation of a selection of strains with a similar profile, more were subsequently identified as MCRO 8. A total of 16 strains isolated from human respiratory samples were evaluated in the characterization of this novel species, for which the name Mycobacterium saskatchewanense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is strain 00-250T (=ATCC BAA-544T=DSM 44616T=CIP 108114T).
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Reclassification of Cellulosimicrobium variabile Bakalidou et al. 2002 as Isoptericola variabilis gen. nov., comb. nov.
More LessAs already depicted in the original publication, the type strain of the species Cellulosimicrobium variabile Bakalidou et al. 2002 , DSM 10177T, does not cluster unambiguously with the type species, Cellulosimicrobium cellulans DSM 43879T, in phylogenetic analysis. Strain DSM 10177T is moderately related to the recently described species Xylanimonas cellulosilytica, Promicromonospora pachnodae and Xylanibacterium ulmi, forming a lineage that branches between C. cellulans and members of the genus Promicromonospora in most dendrograms generated on the basis of different algorithms and reference strains. The type strains of the two Cellulosimicrobium species resemble each other in morphology, composition of fatty acids, DNA G+C content, phospholipids and the presence of lysine in position 3 of the peptide subunit of peptidoglycan. However, the two strains differ from each other in cell-wall sugars and in the amino acid composition of the A4α-type peptidoglycan, which contains serine and aspartic acid in C. cellulans, whereas only aspartic acid is present in the interpeptide bridge of C. variabile. This type is also present in Xylanimonas cellulosilytica XIL07T, but not in the neighbouring species P. pachnodae DSM 12657T, which exhibits the l-lys–l-ser–d-Glu type. On the basis of distinct phylogenetic position and the amino acid composition of peptidoglycan, a novel genus and combination for C. variabile, Isoptericola variabilis gen. nov., comb. nov., is proposed.
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Streptomyces hebeiensis sp. nov.
More LessA novel actinomycete strain, YIM 001T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from Hebei province, People's Republic of China. The strain was characterized by white to grey aerial mycelium. Long spore chains, borne on the aerial mycelium, were straight to Rectiflexibiles; the spore chains were composed of non-motile and coccoid spores with a warty surface. The cell wall of strain YIM 001T contained ll-diaminopimelic acid (A2pm) and traces of meso-A2pm. Whole-cell hydrolysates contained mainly glucose and small amounts of xylose, galactose and arabinose. The menaquinones were MK-9(H4) (4·6 %), MK-9(H6) (60 %), MK-9(H8) (30·7 %) and MK-9(H10) (4·7 %). Phosphatidylethanolamine was the diagnostic phospholipid. The DNA G+C content of strain YIM 001T was 71·4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain YIM 001T belongs to the genus Streptomyces. Based on its phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain YIM 001T (=CCTCC AA 203005T=CIP 107974T=DSM 41837T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species, Streptomyces hebeiensis sp. nov.
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Anaerobranca californiensis sp. nov., an anaerobic, alkalithermophilic, fermentative bacterium isolated from a hot spring on Mono Lake
A novel, obligately anaerobic, alkalithermophilic, chemo-organotrophic bacterium was isolated from the sediment of an alkaline hot spring located on Paoha Island in Mono Lake, California, USA. This rod-shaped bacterium was motile via peritrichous flagella. Isolated strains grew optimally in 5–25 g NaCl l−1, at pH 9·0–9·5 and at a temperature of 58°C and were fermentative and mainly proteolytic, utilizing peptone, Casamino acids and yeast extract. Optimal growth was seen in the presence of elemental sulfur, polysulfide or thiosulfate with concomitant reduction to hydrogen sulfide. Sulfite was also formed in an equal ratio to sulfide during reduction of thiosulfate. The novel isolate could also reduce Fe(III) and Se(IV) in the presence of organic matter. On the basis of physiological properties, 16S rRNA gene sequence and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain PAOHA-1T (=DSM 14826T=UNIQEM 227T) belongs to the genus Anaerobranca and represents a novel species, Anaerobranca californiensis sp. nov.
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Jeotgalicoccus pinnipedialis sp. nov., from a southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina)
More LessA previously unknown Gram-positive, catalase-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, coccus-shaped bacterium (A/G14/99/10T), originating from the mouth of a female southern elephant seal, was subjected to a taxonomic analysis. Comparative 16S rRNA gene-sequencing showed that the organism formed a hitherto unknown subline within the catalase-positive, low-G+C, Gram-positive cocci, exhibiting a specific association with species of the genus Jeotgalicoccus. Sequence divergence values of approximately 7 %, together with phenotypic differences, showed the unknown bacterium to be distinct from the two described species of this genus, Jeotgalicoccus halotolerans and Jeotgalicoccus psychrophilus. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic considerations, it is proposed that strain A/G14/99/10T=CCUG 42722T=CIP 107946T from the mouth of a seal be classified as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Jeotgalicoccus, Jeotgalicoccus pinnipedialis sp. nov.
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Pseudonocardia benzenivorans sp. nov.
More LessA Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (B5T) was isolated from an enrichment culture that contained 1,2,3,5-tetrachlorobenzene as the sole source of carbon. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity studies, strain B5T was shown to belong to the family Pseudonocardiaceae and was related most closely to Pseudonocardia sulfidoxydans (98·8 %) and Pseudonocardia hydrocarbonoxydans (98·3 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to other Pseudonocardia species was <97 %. Chemotaxonomic data [major menaquinone, MK-8(H4); major polar lipids, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol; major fatty acids, C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0] supported the affiliation of strain B5T to the genus Pseudonocardia. The results of DNA–DNA hybridizations and physiological and biochemical tests allowed genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain B5T from P. sulfidoxydans and P. hydrocarbonoxydans. Strain B5T therefore represents a novel species of the genus Pseudonocardia, for which the name Pseudonocardia benzenivorans sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain B5T (=DSM 44703T=CIP 107928T).
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Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus sp. nov., a novel 4-nitroguaiacol-degrading actinobacterium
Three bacterial isolates from soil, capable of degradation or transformation of nitroaromatic compounds and displaying a rod–coccus growth cycle, were studied by a polyphasic approach. On the basis of 16S rRNA sequence analysis and of chemotaxonomic characteristics, such as type A3α peptidoglycan with an interpeptide bridge Ala–Thr–Ala, the major menaquinone MK-9(H2) and fatty acid composition, the isolates were assigned to the genus Arthrobacter. DNA–DNA hybridization, riboprinting and phenotypic studies revealed that the three strains constitute a single species, distinct from phylogenetically neighbouring Arthrobacter aurescens and Arthrobacter ilicis. A novel species, Arthrobacter nitroguajacolicus sp. nov., with the type strain G2-1T (=CCM 4924T=DSM 15232T) is proposed.
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Corynebacterium halotolerans sp. nov., isolated from saline soil in the west of China
A halotolerant, non-spore-forming actinobacterium was isolated from a soil sample from the west of China. The strain, designated YIM 70093T (=CCTCC AA 001024T=DSM 44683T), comprised Gram-positive, non-motile, diphtheroid and irregular rods. It grew in 0–25 % KCl (KCl could be substituted by NaCl or MgCl2.6H2O), with optimum growth at 10 % KCl, and its optimal pH and cultivation temperature were 7·2 and 28 °C, respectively. On the basis of its morphological, physiological and phylogenetic characteristics, strain YIM 70093T should be classified in the genus Corynebacterium. However, it is sufficiently different from hitherto described Corynebacterium species to be considered as a novel species, for which the name Corynebacterium halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed.
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Gulosibacter molinativorax gen. nov., sp. nov., a molinate-degrading bacterium, and classification of ‘Brevibacterium helvolum’ DSM 20419 as Pseudoclavibacter helvolus gen. nov., sp. nov.
More LessA Gram-positive, molinate-degrading bacterium, strain ON4T (=DSM 13485T=LMG 21909T), was isolated from a mixed bacterial culture able to mineralize the herbicide molinate. The strain was strictly aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive and non-acid-fast, with a growth temperature of 10–41 °C. It contained the major menaquinone MK-9 and a cell-wall peptidoglycan based on d-ornithine. 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that the strain formed a distinct line of descent in the family Microbacteriaceae, showing the highest 16S rDNA similarity (∼95 %) to members of the genus Curtobacterium and ‘Brevibacterium helvolum’ DSM 20419 (=ATCC 13715). The latter was reported to have the cell-wall peptidoglycan type B2γ and the major menaquinone MK-9, which are typical of Clavibacter, but it is clearly separated from this genus at the phylogenetic level. Based on low values of 16S rDNA sequence similarity to previously described genera and their distinctive phenotypic characteristics, it is proposed that strains ON4T and ‘B. helvolum’ DSM 20419 be classified as two novel genera and species, with the respective names Gulosibacter molinativorax gen. nov., sp. nov. and Pseudoclavibater helvolus gen. nov., sp. nov.
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Bacillus hwajinpoensis sp. nov. and an unnamed Bacillus genomospecies, novel members of Bacillus rRNA group 6 isolated from sea water of the East Sea and the Yellow Sea in Korea
More LessTwo Gram-positive or -variable, endospore-forming, slightly halophilic strains (SW-72T and SW-93) were isolated from sea water of the East Sea and the Yellow Sea in Korea, respectively, and subjected to polyphasic taxonomic study. Both strains had cell-wall peptidoglycan that was based on meso-diaminopimelic acid and MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone. The two strains contained large amounts of saturated and branched fatty acids, with anteiso-C15 : 0 as the major fatty acid. The DNA G+C contents of strains SW-72T and SW-93 were 40·9 and 41·0 mol%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that strains SW-72T and SW-93 fall within the radiation of the cluster that comprises members of the genus Bacillus, particularly Bacillus rRNA group 6. There were five nucleotide differences between the 16S rDNA sequences of strains SW-72T and SW-93. The mean level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strains SW-72T and SW-93 was 21·5 %. Strains SW-72T and SW-93 showed 93·1–95·2 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity to the type strains of Bacillus species that are assigned to rRNA group 6. Strains SW-72T and SW-93 could not be differentiated clearly by using their phenotypic properties. On the basis of phenotypic properties, phylogeny and genomic data, it is proposed that strain SW-72T (=KCCM 41641T=JCM 11807T) should be placed in the genus Bacillus as the type strain of a novel species, Bacillus hwajinpoensis sp. nov., and that strain SW-93 (=KCCM 41640=JCM 11806) should be placed in the genus Bacillus as an unnamed Bacillus genomospecies.
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Reclassification of Lactobacillus cellobiosus Rogosa et al. 1953 as a later synonym of Lactobacillus fermentum Beijerinck 1901
More LessThe name Lactobacillus cellobiosus is validly published, but the species is often neglected in taxonomic studies, due to its high similarity to Lactobacillus fermentum. In the present paper, literature data concerning the two species were reviewed. Phylogenetic placement of L. cellobiosus was obtained based on 16S rDNA sequences, and genetic similarity was further investigated by comparing partial recA gene sequences for the type strains of L. cellobiosus and L. fermentum. Based on the high identity values for 16S rDNA (99 %) and recA gene (98 %) sequences, the results of DNA–DNA hybridization assays and phenotypic traits available from the literature, it is proposed that L. cellobiosus be reclassified and, as a rule of priority, renamed as L. fermentum, the first described species.
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Rothia aeria sp. nov., Rhodococcus baikonurensis sp. nov. and Arthrobacter russicus sp. nov., isolated from air in the Russian space laboratory Mir
Four Gram-positive bacteria, strains A1-17BT, A1-22T, A1-3T and A1-8, isolated from the air in the Russian space laboratory Mir, were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Phylogenetic analysis of the bacteria based on their 16S rDNA sequence showed that they belong to the genera Rothia (A1-17BT), Rhodococcus (A1-22T) and Arthrobacter (A1-3T and A1-8). Morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and genomic characteristics supported the assignments of these strains to these genera, but they could not be classified as any existing species within each respective genus. 16S rDNA similarity values between strain A1-17BT and its neighbours, Rothia dentocariosa genomovar II, Rothia dentocariosa, Rothia mucilaginosa and Rothia nasimurium, were respectively 99·8, 98·0, 96·4 and 95·4 %. Polyphasic taxonomic evidence indicated that strain A1-17BT should be categorized together with the unofficially named Rothia dentocariosa genomovar II, but clearly differentiated them from the established species of the genus Rothia. Strain A1-22T formed a coherent cluster with Rhodococcus erythropolis, Rhodococcus globerulus, Rhodococcus marinonascens and Rhodococcus percolatus in 16S rDNA sequence analysis, but DNA–DNA relatedness values were only 45·5, 35·3, 18·9 and 21·9 %. Strains A1-3T and A1-8 shared 99·9 % 16S rDNA sequence similarity, and strain A1-3T showed the highest level of 16S rDNA similarity, 96·6 %, to Arthrobacter polychromogenes. Contrasting biochemical characteristics were also identified. Finally, as a result of the polyphasic taxonomic study, three of the strains are proposed as type strains of novel species: Rothia aeria sp. nov. (A1-17BT=GTC 867T=JCM 11412T=DSM 14556T), Rhodococcus baikonurensis sp. nov. (A1-22T=GTC 1041T=JCM 11411T=DSM 44587T) and Arthrobacter russicus sp. nov. (A1-3T=GTC 863T=JCM 11414T=DSM 14555T).
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Nesterenkonia halotolerans sp. nov. and Nesterenkonia xinjiangensis sp. nov., actinobacteria from saline soils in the west of China
The taxonomic position of two Gram-positive strains, YIM 70084T and YIM 70097T, isolated from hypersaline soils was determined by a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain YIM 70084T are motile cocci, whereas those of strain YIM 70097T are non-motile rods. The G+C contents of their DNA are 64·4 and 66·7 mol%. Both strains had chemotaxonomic markers typical of the genus Nesterenkonia and formed a coherent cluster with Nesterenkonia species in a phylogenetic inference based on 16S rDNA sequence analysis, exhibiting less than 97 % similarity to each other and to the other two type strains of the genus. Phylogenetic distinction and differences in the peptidoglycan type, composition of cell-wall sugars, phospholipid patterns, the major menaquinones and other phenotypic characteristics indicate that the strains under study represent two novel species, Nesterenkonia halotolerans sp. nov. (type strain YIM 70084T=CCTCC AA 001022T=DSM 15474T) and Nesterenkonia xinjiangensis sp. nov. (type strain YIM 70097T=CCTCC AA 001025T=DSM 15475T).
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