- Volume 58, Issue 11, 2008
Volume 58, Issue 11, 2008
- Validation List
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List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published
The purpose of this announcement is to effect the valid publication of the following effectively published new names and new combinations under the procedure described in the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). Authors and other individuals wishing to have new names and/or combinations included in future lists should send three copies of the pertinent reprint or photocopies thereof, or an electronic copy of the published paper, to the IJSEM Editorial Office for confirmation that all of the other requirements for valid publication have been met. It is also a requirement of IJSEM and the ICSP that authors of new species, new subspecies and new combinations provide evidence that types are deposited in two recognized culture collections in two different countries (i.e. documents certifying deposition and availability of type strains). It should be noted that the date of valid publication of these new names and combinations is the date of publication of this list, not the date of the original publication of the names and combinations. The authors of the new names and combinations are as given below, and these authors' names will be included in the author index of the present issue and in the volume author index. Inclusion of a name on these lists validates the publication of the name and thereby makes it available in bacteriological nomenclature. The inclusion of a name on this list is not to be construed as taxonomic acceptance of the taxon to which the name is applied. Indeed, some of these names may, in time, be shown to be synonyms, or the organisms may be transferred to another genus, thus necessitating the creation of a new combination.
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- Notification List
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Notification that new names and new combinations have appeared in volume 58, part 8, of the IJSEM
This listing of names published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles). Taxonomic opinions included in this List (i.e. the creation of synonyms or the emendation of circumscriptions) cannot be considered as validly published nor, in any other way, approved by the International Committee on Systematics of Prokaryotes and its Judicial Commission.
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- New Taxa
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- Actinobacteria
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Pseudonocardia carboxydivorans sp. nov., a carbon monoxide-oxidizing actinomycete, and an emended description of the genus Pseudonocardia
More LessA bacterial strain, Y8T, capable of oxidizing carbon monoxide, was isolated from a soil sample collected from a roadside in Seoul, Korea. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity analyses, strain Y8T was shown to belong to the genus Pseudonocardia and was related most closely to the type strain of Pseudonocardia alni (99.6 % similarity). The cells were aerobic and stained Gram-positive, with white aerial mycelium and brown substrate mycelium. The predominant fatty acids were 16 : 0 iso and 16 : 1 iso. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain Y8T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The DNA G+C content was 77 mol%. Strain Y8T contained MK-9 as the major menaquinone, which is different from the major menaquinone reported previously in the genus Pseudonocardia, MK-8(H4). DNA–DNA relatedness between strain Y8T and the type strains of P. alni and Pseudonocardia antarctica was respectively 10 and 63 %. Based on phylogenetic, morphological and chemotaxonomic evidence, it is proposed that strain Y8T (=KCCM 42678T =JCM 14827T) be classified as the type strain of a novel species, Pseudonocardia carboxydivorans sp. nov. An emended description of the genus Pseudonocardia is also presented.
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Nocardiopsis arabia sp. nov., a halotolerant actinomycete isolated from a sand-dune soil
More LessThe taxonomic status of an unknown actinomycete isolated from a sand-dune soil was established using a polyphasic approach. Isolate S186T had chemotaxonomic and morphological properties consistent with its classification in the genus Nocardiopsis, grew on agar plates at NaCl concentrations of up to 15 % (w/v) and formed a distinct phyletic line in the Nocardiopsis 16S rRNA gene sequence tree. Its closest phylogenetic neighbours were Nocardiopsis chromatogenes, Nocardiopsis composta, Nocardiopsis gilva and Nocardiopsis trehalosi, with sequence similarity to the various type strains of 96.9 %, but it was readily distinguished from the type strains of these and related species using a range of phenotypic properties. It is apparent from the genotypic and phenotypic data that strain S186T belongs to a novel species of the genus Nocardiopsis, for which the name Nocardiopsis arabia sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S186T (=CGMCC 4.2057T =DSM 45083T).
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Glycomyces endophyticus sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from the root of Carex baccans Nees
More LessAn actinomycete, designated strain YIM 56134T, was isolated from the root of a Chinese medicinal plant, Carex baccans Nees, collected from Yunnan, south-west China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. An analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities showed that strain YIM 56134T was a member of the genus Glycomyces, being most closely related to Glycomyces algeriensis NRRL B-16327T (99.0 % similarity), Glycomyces lechevalierae DSM 44724T (99.0 %), Glycomyces rutgersensis IFO 14488T (98.9 %) and Glycomyces harbinensis IFO 14487T (98.7 %). Strain YIM 56134T could be distinguished from other established Glycomyces species on the basis of relatively low sequence similarity (<97 %). Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of this strain to the genus Glycomyces. The results of DNA–DNA hybridization and some physiological and biochemical tests allowed differentiation of the strain from related Glycomyces species. Therefore, strain YIM 56134T represents a novel species of the genus Glycomyces, for which the name Glycomyces endophyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 56134T (=KCTC 19152T =DSM 45002T).
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Microbacterium kribbense sp. nov., isolated from soil
More LessA Gram-positive, short, rod-shaped, cream-coloured actinobacterium, designated MSL-04T, was isolated from a soil sample collected from an agricultural field on Bigeum Island (Republic of Korea) and was subjected to polyphasic characterization to unravel its taxonomic position. The optimum growth temperature and pH were 28–30 °C and pH 7.2–7.4. Chemotaxonomic characteristics such as B2β-type peptidoglycan with glycolyl residues, MK-11 and MK-12 as the major menaquinones and a fatty acid profile containing iso- and anteiso-branched fatty acids placed this organism within the genus Microbacterium. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed the position of strain MSL-04T in the genus Microbacterium and showed that it belonged to the same clade as Microbacterium ulmi but was distinct from its nearest neighbours. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain MSL-04T showed the highest levels of similarity with respect to Microbacterium ulmi LMG 20991T (97.5 % similarity) and Microbacterium arborescens IFO 3750T (97 %). The G+C content of the DNA was 71.0 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness between MSL-04T and its closest neighbours (<70 %) showed that the strain represents a distinct genomic species. On the basis of the phenotypic and genotypic results, strain MSL-04T represents a novel species in the genus Microbacterium, for which the name Microbacterium kribbense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MSL-04T (=KCTC 19269T =DSM 19265T).
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Dietzia schimae sp. nov. and Dietzia cercidiphylli sp. nov., from surface-sterilized plant tissues
Two actinobacterial strains, YIM 65001T and YIM 65002T, were isolated from surface-sterilized plant tissues collected from Yunnan Province, south-west China, and their taxonomic positions were determined by using a polyphasic approach. The DNA G+C contents of strains YIM 65001T and YIM 65002T were 71.9 and 72.6 mol%, respectively. The two strains had chemotaxonomic markers that were consistent with their classification in the genus Dietzia. Phylogenetic analysis based on almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YIM 65001T was related most closely to Dietzia maris DSM 43672T and that strain YIM 65002T was related most closely to Dietzia natronolimnaea CBS 107.95T. Levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strains YIM 65001T and YIM 65002T and the type strains of other recognized members of the genus Dietzia were 95.8–99.8 %. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments confirmed the separate genomic status of strains YIM 65001T and YIM 65002T. Strains YIM 65001T and YIM 65002T showed significant phenotypic differences between each other and their closest recognized neighbours. On the basis of their phenotypic and phylogenetic distinctiveness, the two novel isolates were identified as representing two novel species of the genus Dietzia, for which the names Dietzia schimae sp. nov. (type strain YIM 65001T=CCTCC AA 207015T=DSM 45139T) and Dietzia cercidiphylli sp. nov. (type strain YIM 65002T=CCTCC AA 207016T=DSM 45140T) are proposed.
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Leucobacter tardus sp. nov., isolated from the phyllosphere of Solanum tuberosum L.
More LessIn the course of studying the composition of the microbial community in the phyllosphere of potato plants, a Gram-positive bacterium, strain K 70/01T, was isolated. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, it was shown that the investigated isolate represents a novel species in the genus Leucobacter; the closest phylogenetic neighbour was Leucobacter chromiireducens subsp. chromiireducens, with a sequence similarity of 96.8 % to the type strain. Chemotaxonomic characteristics supported affiliation to the genus Leucobacter. Strain K 70/01T displayed the diagnostic diamino acid 2,4-diaminobutyric acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The major fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0, which are typical of the genus. The quinone system consisted of the menaquinones MK-10, MK-11 and MK-9. Differences in several physiological features and the absence of the cell-wall amino acids γ-aminobutyric acid and threonine enabled the isolate to be differentiated from all recognized Leucobacter species. Based on these phylogenetic and phenotypic results, it can be concluded that the isolate from the phyllosphere of potato plants represents a novel species, for which the name Leucobacter tardus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is K 70/01T (=DSM 19811T =LMG 24388T).
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Streptomyces specialis sp. nov.
A Gram-positive, non-endospore-forming bacterium (GW41-1564T) was isolated from soil. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GW41-1564T is a member of the genus Streptomyces, exhibiting highest similarities with Streptomyces hainanensis YIM 47672T (97.8 %) and Streptomyces cacaoi subsp. cacaoi NBRC 12748T (97.5 %). Strain GW41-1564T could be distinguished from any other Streptomyces species with validly published names by sequence similarity values less than 97.5 %. Strain GW41-1564T exhibited an unusual quinone system, with the predominant compounds MK-10(H4) and MK-10(H6) and smaller amounts of MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6). The type strain of the most closely related species, S. hainanensis YIM 47672T, also contained an unusual quinone system composed of MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8) in addition to MK-9(H4) and MK-10(H0), whereas the type strain of the second most closely related species, S. cacaoi NBRC 12748T, contained a quinone system, composed of MK-9(H6) and MK-9(H8), typical of Streptomyces. The polar lipid profile of GW41-1564T consisted of the predominant compound diphosphatidylglycerol, moderate amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol and minor to trace amounts of two phosphatidylinositol mannosides and several unknown lipids, and the major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 1 ω9c and anteiso-C17 : 0. The results of physiological and biochemical tests allowed further phenotypic differentiation of strain GW41-1564T from the related species S. hainanensis. Strain GW41-1564T clearly merits species status, and we propose the name Streptomyces specialis sp. nov., with the type strain GW41-1564T (=DSM 41924T =CCM 7499T).
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Nocardioides dokdonensis sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from sand sediment
More LessA strictly aerobic, non-motile, short rod-shaped actinomycete, designated strain FR1436T, was isolated from sand sediment from a beach on Dokdo Island, Republic of Korea. The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4), the predominant cellular fatty acid was iso-C16 : 0 (40.4 %) and the G+C content of the DNA was 69.1 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain FR1436T formed a lineage within the genus Nocardioides and was closely related to Nocardioides marinisabuli SBS-12T (97.8 % sequence similarity) and Nocardioides salarius CL-Z59T (97.4 %). Phenotypic characteristics and DNA–DNA relatedness data served to distinguish strain FR1436T from N. marinisabuli. On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain FR1436T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides dokdonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FR1436T (=KCTC 19309T =JCM 14815T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Salinimicrobium terrae sp. nov., isolated from saline soil, and emended description of the genus Salinimicrobium
A novel yellow-pigmented, Gram-negative, slightly halophilic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, obligately aerobic bacterium, designated strain YIM-C338T, was isolated from saline soil from the Qaidam Basin in north-west China. Cells were non-sporulating, non-motile, short rods, predominantly occurring singly. Coccoid bodies and slightly curved rod-shaped cells of varying length developed in older cultures. Growth occurred with 0.5–8 % (w/v) NaCl (optimally with 1–3 %, w/v), at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimally at pH 7.0) and at 4–37 °C (optimally at 28 °C). The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c, C18 : 1 ω7c, iso-C13 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 1. MK-6 was the only respiratory quinone. Non-diffusible carotenoid pigments were produced. Flexirubin-type pigments were absent. The genomic DNA G+C content was 42.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YIM-C338T was a member of the genus Salinimicrobium, having sequence similarities of 97.3 and 94.0 % with respect to Salinimicrobium xinjiangense BH206T and Salinimicrobium catena HY1T. The combination of the phylogenetic data, phenotypic characteristics and chemotaxonomic differences supported the view that strain YIM-C338T represents a novel species of the genus Salinimicrobium, for which the name Salinimicrobium terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM-C338T (=DSM 17865T =CGMCC 1.6308T). An emended description of the genus Salinimicrobium is also provided.
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Description of Croceitalea gen. nov. in the family Flavobacteriaceae with two species, Croceitalea eckloniae sp. nov. and Croceitalea dokdonensis sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of the marine alga Ecklonia kurome
Two novel bacterial strains, designated DOKDO 025T and DOKDO 023T, were isolated on Dokdo Island, Korea, from the rhizosphere of the brown alga Ecklonia kurome. The strains were subjected to a polyphasic taxonomy study and were found to be Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile and orange-coloured. The isolates shared 96.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. They showed 93.8–95.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with respect to members of the genus Muricauda in the family Flavobacteriaceae, but formed a distinct phyletic line. Moreover, the cellular appendages reported for all Muricauda species were absent from strains DOKDO 025T and DOKDO 023T. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain DOKDO 025T were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 and one with an equivalent chain-length of 13.565 and those of strain DOKDO 023T were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The DNA G+C content of strains DOKDO 025T and DOKDO 023T were 59.5 and 66.5 mol%, respectively, higher than any values found in recognized members of the family Flavobacteriaceae. The major respiratory quinone was MK-6. On the basis of evidence from the polyphasic study, strains DOKDO 025T and DOKDO 023T represent two novel species in a new genus, Croceitalea gen. nov., for which the names Croceitalea eckloniae sp. nov. (the type species) and Croceitalea dokdonensis sp. nov. are proposed. The type strain of Croceitalea eckloniae sp. nov. is DOKDO 025T (=KCCM 42309T =JCM 13827T) and that of Croceitalea dokdonensis sp. nov. is DOKDO 023T (=KCCM 42308T =JCM 13826T).
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Kriegella aquimaris gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from marine environments
More LessTwo novel marine, heterotrophic, gliding, Gram-negative, aerobic and orange-pigmented strains were investigated by using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated an affiliation of the novel isolates to the family Flavobacteriaceae of the phylum Bacteroidetes. The level of sequence similarity between the strains studied and their closest relatives, the recognized Zobellia species, ranged from 93.2 to 93.9 %. Phylogenetic evidence, supported by several differences in phenotypic characteristics between the novel isolates and Zobellia species such as the absence of nitrate reductase, agarase and gelatinase activities together with the ability to produce acid from galactose, lactose and melibiose, allowed their assignment to a new genus and species, for which the name Kriegella aquimaris gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Kriegella aquimaris is KMM 3665T (=KCTC 22188T =DSM 19886T).
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Chryseobacterium oranimense sp. nov., a psychrotolerant, proteolytic and lipolytic bacterium isolated from raw cow's milk
More LessA Gram-negative, rod-shaped, oxidase-positive, aerobic, non-motile and orange-pigmented bacterial strain, containing flexirubin-type pigments, designated H8T, was isolated from raw cow's milk in Israel. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the isolate should be placed in the genus Chryseobacterium (family Flavobacteriaceae, phylum Bacteroidetes). The levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain H8T and the type strains of described Chryseobacterium species were 97.5 % or lower. Strain H8T grew at 5–37 °C and with 0–3.0 % NaCl. The dominant cellular fatty acids were iso-15 : 0, iso-17 : 0 3-OH, iso-17 : 1ω9c and summed feature 3 (comprising iso-15 : 0 2-OH and/or 16 : 1ω7c). On the basis of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, the milk isolate H8T is classified as a member of a novel species in the genus Chryseobacterium, for which the name Chryseobacterium oranimense sp. nov. (type strain H8T =LMG 24030T =DSM 19055T) is proposed.
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- Other Bacteria
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Haloferula rosea gen. nov., sp. nov., Haloferula harenae sp. nov., Haloferula phyci sp. nov., Haloferula helveola sp. nov. and Haloferula sargassicola sp. nov., five marine representatives of the family Verrucomicrobiaceae within the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’
Six Gram-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped, chemoheterotrophic bacteria designated strains YM23-227T, 06SJR1-1T, AK18-024T, 05IJR53-1T, MN1-1037T and MN1-1047 were isolated from various marine environments and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Preliminary analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the novel isolates could be affiliated with the family Verrucomicrobiaceae of the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’. The strains shared approximately 94–100 % sequence similarity with each other and showed less than 94 % similarity with members of the family Verrucomicrobiaceae with validly published names. The DNA–DNA relatedness between strains YM23-227T and 06SJR1-1T was less than 70 %, a value that is accepted as a phylogenetic definition of a species. The cell wall peptidoglycan of the strains contained muramic acid and meso-diaminopimelic acid. The novel isolates produced carotenoid pigments and squalene. The DNA G+C contents of the six strains were 63–65 mol%. The major menaquinone was MK-9 and iso-C14 : 0 was the major fatty acid. Based on the evidence from the polyphasic taxonomic study, it was concluded that the six strains should be classified as representing a new genus and five novel species of the family Verrucomicrobiaceae within the phylum ‘Verrucomicrobia’, for which the names Haloferula rosea gen. nov., sp. nov. (type strain 06SJR1-1T=MBIC08340T=KCTC 22201T), Haloferula harenae sp. nov. (type strain YM23-227T=MBIC08299T=KCTC 22198T), Haloferula phyci sp. nov. (type strain AK18-024T=MBIC08341T=KCTC 22200T), Haloferula helveola sp. nov. (type strain 05IJR53-1T=MBIC08342T=KCTC 22199T) and Haloferula sargassicola sp. nov. (type strain MN1-1037T=MBIC08343T=KCTC 22202T) are proposed.
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Thermodesulfovibrio aggregans sp. nov. and Thermodesulfovibrio thiophilus sp. nov., anaerobic, thermophilic, sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from thermophilic methanogenic sludge, and emended description of the genus Thermodesulfovibrio
Four obligately anaerobic, thermophilic, sulfate-reducing bacterial strains, designated TGE-P1T, TDVT, TGL-LS1 and TSL-P1, were isolated from thermophilic (operated at 55 °C) methanogenic sludges from waste and wastewater treatment. The optimum temperature for growth of all the strains was in the range 55–60 °C. The four strains grew by reduction of sulfate with a limited range of electron donors, such as hydrogen, formate, pyruvate and lactate. In co-culture with the hydrogenotrophic methanogen Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus ΔHT, strains TGE-P1T, TGL-LS1 and TSL-P1 were able to utilize lactate syntrophically for growth. The DNA G+C contents of all the strains were in the range 34–35 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids of the strains were iso-C17 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C15 : 0. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strains belong to the Thermodesulfovibrio clade of the phylum ‘Nitrospirae’. On the basis of their physiological, chemotaxonomic and genetic properties, strains TGL-LS1 (=JCM 13214) and TSL-P1 (=JCM 13215) were classified as strains of Thermodesulfovibrio islandicus. Two novel species of the genus Thermodesulfovibrio are proposed to accommodate the other two isolates: Thermodesulfovibrio aggregans sp. nov. (type strain TGE-P1T =JCM 13213T =DSM 17283T) and Thermodesulfovibrio thiophilus sp. nov. (type strain TDVT =JCM 13216T =DSM 17215T). To examine the ecological aspects of Thermodesulfovibrio-type cells in the sludge from which the strains were originally isolated, an oligonucleotide probe targeting 16S rRNA of all Thermodesulfovibrio species was designed and applied to thin sections of thermophilic sludge granules. Fluorescence in situ hybridization using the probe revealed rod- or vibrio-shaped cells as a significant population within the sludge, indicating their important role in the original ecosystem.
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Acanthopleuribacter pedis gen. nov., sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a chiton, and description of Acanthopleuribacteraceae fam. nov., Acanthopleuribacterales ord. nov., Holophagaceae fam. nov., Holophagales ord. nov. and Holophagae classis nov. in the phylum ‘Acidobacteria’
More LessStrain FYK2218T was isolated from a specimen of the chiton Acanthopleura japonica, which had been collected from a beach on the Boso peninsula in Japan. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the strain belonged to the phylum ‘Acidobacteria’. The most closely related type strains to strain FYK2218T were Holophaga foetida TMBS4T (83.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Geothrix fermentans H-5T (83.6 %) in subdivision 8 of the ‘Acidobacteria’. Cells of FYK2218T were motile, rod-shaped, Gram-negative, mesophilic and strictly aerobic. The G+C content of the strain was 56.7 mol%. The strain had isoprenoid quinones MK-6 and MK-7 as major components. Major fatty acids of the strain were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, C16 : 0 and C20 : 5 ω3c (cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid). From the taxonomic data obtained in this study, it is proposed that the new marine isolate be placed into a novel genus and species named Acanthopleuribacter pedis gen. nov., sp. nov. within the new family, order and class Acanthopleuribacteraceae fam. nov., Acanthopleuribacterales ord. nov. and Holophagae classis nov. The family Holophagaceae fam. nov. is also described. The type strain of Acanthopleuribacter pedis is FYK2218T (=NBRC 101209T =KCTC 12899T).
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- Proteobacteria
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Melitea salexigens gen. nov., sp. nov., a gammaproteobacterium from the Mediterranean Sea
More LessA novel aerobic, Gram-negative bacterial strain, designated 5IX/A01/131T, was isolated from waters in the coastal north-western Mediterranean Sea. The cells were motile, straight rods, 1.6 μm long and 0.5 μm wide, and formed cream colonies on marine 2216 agar. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 57 mol %. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed the strain in the class Gammaproteobacteria. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and physiological and biochemical characteristics, strain 5IX/A01/131T represents a novel genus and species, for which the name Melitea salexigens gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Melitea salexigens is 5IX/A01/131T (=DSM 19753T =CIP 109757T =MOLA 225T).
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Revision of the taxonomic status of the species Rhizobium leguminosarum (Frank 1879) Frank 1889AL, Rhizobium phaseoli Dangeard 1926AL and Rhizobium trifolii Dangeard 1926AL. R. trifolii is a later synonym of R. leguminosarum. Reclassification of the strain R. leguminosarum DSM 30132 (=NCIMB 11478) as Rhizobium pisi sp. nov.
The taxonomic status of the species Rhizobium leguminosarum, Rhizobium trifolii and Rhizobium phaseoli was analysed in this study on the basis of their molecular and phenotypic characteristics. According to the results, the type strain R. phaseoli ATCC 14482T does not belong to any of the already described species of the genus Rhizobium and it should therefore be considered as a different species. In contrast, the strains of R. trifolii examined belonged to R. leguminosarum and thus R. trifolii is a later synonym of R. leguminosarum. The results of the analysis of 16S–23S intergenic spacer region and rrs, recA and atpD gene sequences as well as those of DNA–DNA hybridization experiments and phenotypic characterizations showed that the type strains R. leguminosarum USDA 2370T and R. leguminosarum DSM 30132 do not belong to the same species. Taking into account that strain USDA 2370T corresponds to the original strain of this species, 3Hoq18T, this strain should be considered as the true type strain of R. leguminosarum whereas strain DSM 30132 should be reclassified as a different species, for which the name Rhizobium pisi sp. nov. is proposed (type strain, DSM 30132T=NCIMB 11478T).
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Hellea balneolensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a prosthecate alphaproteobacterium from the Mediterranean Sea
More LessA novel aerobic, heterotrophic, prosthecate bacterium, designated 26III/A02/215T, was isolated from surface water of the north-western Mediterranean Sea. Cells stained Gram-negative and were straight to slightly curved rods, forming red colonies on agar plates. The strain grew at 15–37 °C inclusive (optimum 30 °C) and grew optimally at seawater salinity. Growth was observed on organic acids, amino acids and complex organic substrates. The fatty acids (>5 %) detected in strain 26III/A02/215T were C17 : 1 ω6c, C18 : 1 ω7c and C17 : 0. The lipid pattern indicated the presence of phosphatidylglycerol, glucuronopyranosyldiglyceride, monoglycosyldiglyceride, an unidentified glycolipid and three unidentified phospholipids. Phosphatidylethanolamine and diphosphatidylglycerol were absent. Ubiquinone Q-10 was the only respiratory lipoquinone. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 46.8 mol%. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain 26III/A02/215T belonged to the Hyphomonas–Hirschia–Robiginitomaculum branch of the order Caulobacterales. This affiliation was consistent with the results of polar lipid analyses. Among this group, the novel isolate was most closely related to Robiginitomaculum antarcticum (93.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strain). On the basis of genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic distinctness, we propose a novel genus, Hellea gen. nov., with Hellea balneolensis sp. nov. as the type species. The type strain of Hellea balneolensis is 26III/A02/215T (=DSM 19091T =CIP 109500T =OOB 269T).
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Photorhabdus temperata subsp. cinerea subsp. nov., isolated from Heterorhabditis nematodes
More LessDuring the characterization of symbiotic bacteria of Hungarian entomopathogenic nematode isolates, a number of bacteria (including strain 3107T) isolated from Heterorhabditis downesi and Heterorhabditis megidis showed only moderate 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to the type strains of all described Photorhabdus species and subspecies. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence, the phylogenetic relationships of these isolates were uncertain, because of the low bootstrap values. Using gyrB sequences for phylogenetic analysis, these isolates were shown to be part of the species Photorhabdus temperata, with clear separation from both Palaearctic and American strains (phylogenetic distances are 6.9 and 7.9 %, respectively). Physiological properties and carbon-source utilization profiles supported the phylogenetic position of these strains; therefore, a novel subspecies, Photorhabdus temperata subsp. cinerea subsp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain 3107T (=DSM 19724T =NCAIM B 02271T).
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Halomonas korlensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, denitrifying bacterium isolated from saline and alkaline soil
More LessFive Gram-negative, rod-shaped, moderately halophilic and denitrifying strains, designated XK1T, XK2, XK3, XK4 and XK5, were isolated from a saline and alkaline soil in Korla, north-western China. These isolates could grow anaerobically using either nitrate or nitrite as terminal electron acceptors and produced gas from nitrate vigorously. A comparison and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences placed these isolates in the genus Halomonas within the family Halomonadaceae. The isolates shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Halomonas ventosae Al12T (95.6 %), Halomonas alimentaria YKJ-16T (95.5 %) and Halomonas shengliensis SL014B-85T (95.2 %) (values determined by mega 3.1; direct comparison results with GenBank were even lower, not ≥94 %). Sequence similarities with other recognized species were below 95.0 %, far below the 97.0 % threshold generally accepted for the delineation of separate species. BOX-PCR fingerprinting and DNA–DNA hybridization showed high similarities among the five strains which indicated they were members of the same species. The major fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω8t, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω7t. The DNA G+C content was 65.3 mol%. All the results of the phenotypic and genetic analyses supported the hypothesis that the five new strains represent a novel species within the genus Halomonas, for which the name Halomonas korlensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XK1T (=CGMCC 1.6981T=DSM 19633T).
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Alteromonas genovensis sp. nov., isolated from a marine electroactive biofilm and emended description of Alteromonas macleodii Baumann et al. 1972 (Approved Lists 1980)
Thirty-five isolates obtained from a marine electroactive biofilm grown on a stainless steel cathode (Genoa, Italy) were investigated by a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Whole-cell fatty acid methyl ester analysis indicated that the isolates belonged to the class Gammaproteobacteria and were closely related or belonging to the genus Alteromonas. Genomic fingerprinting using the BOX-PCR primer delineated five clusters of isolates with similar BOX-PCR fingerprints. This study demonstrated that isolates from four of the BOX-PCR clusters belonged to Alteromonas macleodii and that the 14 isolates representing BOX-PCR cluster 1 constituted a novel species, which shared 98.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with its nearest phylogenetic neighbour, Alteromonas hispanica. Both phenotypic and genotypic analyses enabled this novel species, for which the name Alteromonas genovensis sp. nov. is proposed, to be differentiated from established species of the genus Alteromonas. The DNA G+C content of Alteromonas genovensis sp. nov. is 44.5 mol% and the type strain is LMG 24078T (=CCUG 55340T).
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Reclassification of Myxococcus flavescens Yamanaka et al. 1990VP as a later synonym of Myxococcus virescens Thaxter 1892AL
More LessThe taxonomic relatedness between the species Myxococcus flavescens and Myxococcus virescens was investigated. Literature data had already indicated the synonymy between the two species but this observation had not been formalized. Additional evidence that the two taxa represent a single species was provided by comparison of metabolic properties, cellular fatty acid profiles and from a DNA–DNA reassociation value of >80 %. Data from this study led to the proposal that M. flavescens should be reclassified as a later synonym of M. virescens.
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Mesorhizobium gobiense sp. nov. and Mesorhizobium tarimense sp. nov., isolated from wild legumes growing in desert soils of Xinjiang, China
Twenty-four Mesorhizobium strains were isolated from desert soils in the Xinjiang region of China and were characterized by a polyphasic approach. These strains grouped into three clusters in IGS-RFLP, SDS-PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins and BOX-PCR analysis, corresponding to genomic species V, VI and VII as found in a previous study. The results were supported by sequencing analyses of rrs, IGS, atpD and recA genes. Genospecies VII was most related to Mesorhizobium septentrionale, while genospecies V and VI were both most closely related to Mesorhizobium tianshanense, but were distinct from each other and from M. tianshanense. The DNA–DNA hybridization value between the representative strain CCBAU 83284 (genospecies VII) and the type strain of M. septentrionale was 90.1 %. Genospecies VII was thus defined as M. septentrionale. The DNA–DNA relatedness value for representative strains of genospecies V or VI with the related reference strains of recognized species were always lower than 60 %. Low values of DNA–DNA hybridization (32.79 %) between representative strains of genospecies V (CCBAU 83330T) and of VI (CCBAU 83306T) were also observed. Based upon these results, two novel species are proposed: Mesorhizobium gobiense sp. nov. represented by genospecies V (type strain, CCBAU 83330T=LMG 23949T=HAMBI 2974T) and Mesorhizobium tarimense sp. nov. represented by genospecies VI (type strain, CCBAU 83306T=LMG 24338T=HAMBI 2973T). Strain CCBAU 83278 grouped as the most peripheral member with genospecies VI in SDS-PAGE of whole-cell proteins and BOX-PCR analysis and in the phylogenetic tree of 16S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer (IGS) sequences. The results of analyses of rrs, atpD and recA gene sequences, as well as those of DNA–DNA hybridization studies, strongly supported the suggestion that this strain belonged to a species quite different from genospecies V and VI and from any other recognized species of the genus Mesorhizobium. As only one strain has been isolated to date, strain CCBAU 83278 was not proposed as a novel species in this study. Mesorhizobium gobiense sp. nov. and Mesorhizobium tarimense sp. nov. could be differentiated from each other as well as from recognized species of the genus Mesorhizobium on the basis of phenotypic characteristics. The symbiotic loci (nodC and nifH) of the two novel species formed two phylogenetic branches related to Mesorhizobium loti and M. tianshanense. The type strains of the two novel species were able to nodulate Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Lotus corniculatus, Oxytropis glabra and Robinia pseudoacacia but not Astragalus membranaceus, Leucaena leucocephala, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum or Medicago sativa.
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Mesorhizobium caraganae sp. nov., a novel rhizobial species nodulated with Caragana spp. in China
More LessFive rhizobial strains representing the largest group in the genus Mesorhizobium associated with Caragana spp. in China were characterized taxonomically. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that these microsymbionts belonged to the genus Mesorhizobium, with Mesorhizobium tianshanense USDA 3592T, Mesorhizobium temperatum SDW018T and Mesorhizobium mediterraneum UPM-Ca36T as the closest neighbours (≥99.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Genotypic fingerprinting by whole-cell protein electrophoresis, DNA–DNA hybridization, comparative housekeeping sequence analysis of the atpD, glnII and recA genes, fatty acid profiles and a series of phenotypic and physiological tests allowed the novel group to be differentiated from all previously recognized species of the genus Mesorhizobium. This group therefore represents a novel species, for which the name Mesorhizobium caraganae sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain CCBAU 11299T (=LMG 24397T=HAMBI 2990T). Cross-inoculation tests showed that strain CCBAU 11299T could form effective nodules on Caragana microphylla, Caragana intermedia, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Astragalus adsurgens and Phaseolus vulgaris.
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Thiophaeococcus mangrovi gen. nov., sp. nov., a photosynthetic, marine gammaproteobacterium isolated from the Bhitarkanika mangrove forest of India
More LessA coccoid, phototrophic purple sulfur bacterium was isolated in pure culture from a mud sample collected from brackish water in the Bhitarkanika mangrove forest of Orissa, India, in a medium containing 2 % NaCl (w/v). This bacterium, strain JA304T, was Gram-negative and had a requirement for NaCl. Intracellular photosynthetic membranes were of the vesicular type. The colour of the phototrophically grown culture was saddle-brown. Bacteriochlorophyll a and the carotenoid lycopene were present as photosynthetic pigments. Strain JA304T was able to grow photolithoautotrophically and could photoassimilate a number of organic substrates. Yeast extract was required for growth of strain JA304T. The DNA G+C content was 68.1–68.9 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicate that the isolate represents a member of the Chromatiaceae within the class Gammaproteobacteria. According to sequence comparison data, strain JA304T is positioned distinctly outside the group formed by the four genera Thiocystis, Chromatium, Allochromatium and Thermochromatium, with only 86.7–91.0 % sequence similarity. Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from these previously described taxa support the classification of this isolate as a representative of a novel species in a new genus, for which the name Thiophaeococcus mangrovi gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Thiophaeococcus mangrovi is JA304T (=JCM 14889T =DSM 19863T).
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- Eukaryotic Micro-Organisms
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Pichia garciniae sp. nov., isolated from a rotten mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana L., Clusiaceae)
More LessAscogenous yeasts were isolated from a decaying mangosteen fruit (Garcinia mangostana L., Clusiaceae). Based on colony morphology and RAPD analysis, the strains were grouped into four groups (G-I, G-II, G-III and G-IV). Phenotypic properties and analysis of the D1/D2 domain sequence of the 26S rRNA gene identified representative members of groups G-II, G-III and G-IV as Pichia manshurica (=Pichia galeiformis), Pichia fermentans and Pichia anomala, respectively. Representatives of group G-I, YS110T and YS111, showed similar phenotypic traits, 99.9 % similarity in the sequence of the D1/D2 domain of the 26S rRNA gene and ITS1–5.8S rRNA gene–ITS2 sequence and 92 % DNA–DNA relatedness. Hence, YS110T and YS111 are regarded as members of the same species. Based on D1/D2 domain and ITS region sequences, the nearest phylogenetic neighbours of YS110T and YS111 were identified as Pichia membranifaciens and P. manshurica. However, YS110T differs from these two nearest phylogenetic neighbours by >3 % in the D1/D2 domain sequence and by >18 % with respect to the ITS region sequence. In addition, YS110T and YS111 differ from P. membranifaciens NRRL Y-2026T and P. manshurica NRRL Y-27978T with respect to a number of phenotypic traits. The strains show 52–57 % DNA–DNA relatedness with P. membranifaciens NRRL Y-2026T and P. manshurica NRRL Y-27978T. Strains YS110T and YS111 are proposed as two strains of a novel species, for which the name Pichia garciniae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YS110T (=NRRL Y-48422T =CBS 10758T).
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- Other Gram-Positive Bacteria
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Desulfotomaculum hydrothermale sp. nov., a thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a terrestrial Tunisian hot spring
A novel strictly anaerobic, moderately thermophilic, sulfate-reducing bacterium, designated strain Lam5T, was isolated from a hot spring in north-east Tunisia and was characterized phenotypically and phylogenetically. The isolate stained Gram-negative but had a Gram-positive-type cell wall. The strain comprised endospore-forming, slightly curved rod-shaped cells with peritrichous flagella. It did not possess desulfoviridin. Strain Lam5T grew anaerobically at 40–60 °C (optimally at 55 °C) and at pH 5.8–8.2 (optimally at pH 7.1); it did not require NaCl but tolerated concentrations up to 1.5 % (w/v). It utilized lactate, pyruvate, formate, ethanol, butanol, glycerol, propanol and H2 (plus acetate) as electron donors. Lactate was oxidized and pyruvate was fermented to acetate. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, As(V) and Fe(III) (but not elemental sulfur, fumarate, nitrate or nitrite) were used as electron acceptors. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 46.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that strain Lam5T was a member of the genus Desulfotomaculum, with Desulfotomaculum putei as its closest relative (96 % similarity to the type strain). On the basis of genotypic, phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain Lam5T represents a novel species of the genus Desulfotomaculum, for which the name Desulfotomaculum hydrothermale sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Lam5T (=DSM 18033T =JCM 13992T).
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Lactobacillus capillatus sp. nov., a motile bacterium isolated from stinky tofu brine
More LessThree Gram-positive, catalase-negative, motile, rod-shaped bacteria were isolated from fermented stinky tofu brine. These strains, designated YIT 11306T, YIT 11317 and YIT 11318, were discriminated from five isolates on the basis of randomly amplified polymorphic DNA profiles. They produced l-lactic acid as the main end product from glucose without gas formation, synthesized dextran from sucrose and hydrolysed aesculin. Ammonia was not produced from arginine. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstrated that the novel isolates were members of the genus Lactobacillus. Based on levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the three novel strains were related most closely to the type strains of Lactobacillus mali (97.2 %) and Lactobacillus satsumensis (96.8 %). However, levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between the novel isolates and the type strains of L. mali and L. satsumensis were less than 10 %. The phenotypic and genotypic data demonstrate that the three strains represent a single novel species of the genus Lactobacillus, for which the name Lactobacillus capillatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIT 11306T (=JCM 15044T=BCRC 17811T=DSM 19910T).
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Paenibacillus castaneae sp. nov., isolated from the phyllosphere of Castanea sativa Miller
A bacterial strain, designated Ch-32T, was isolated from the phyllosphere of Castanea sativa in Spain. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences placed the isolate in the genus Paenibacillus within the same subgroup as Paenibacillus xinjiangensis and Paenibacillus glycanilyticus, with similarities of 96.3 and 96.8 %, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization values for strain Ch-32T with these two species were lower than 20 %. The novel isolate was a Gram-variable, motile, sporulating rod. It produced catalase and oxidase and hydrolysed cellulose, gelatin and aesculin. Acetoin and urease production, nitrate reduction and starch hydrolysis were negative. Growth was supported by many carbohydrates and organic acids as carbon sources. MK-7 was the only menaquinone detected and anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0 were the major fatty acids. The DNA G+C content was 46 mol%. Phylogenetic, DNA relatedness and phenotypic analyses showed that strain Ch-32T should be classified as a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus castaneae sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is Ch-32T (=CECT 7279T=DSM 19417T).
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Thermoanaerobacter uzonensis sp. nov., an anaerobic thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring within the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Far East Russia
Several strains of heterotrophic, anaerobic thermophilic bacteria were isolated from hot springs of the Uzon Caldera, Kamchatka, Far East Russia. Strain JW/IW010T was isolated from a hot spring within the West sector of the Eastern Thermal field, near Pulsating Spring in the Winding Creek area. Cells of strain JW/IW010T were straight to slightly curved rods, 0.5 μm in width and variable in length from 2 to 5 μm and occasionally up to 15 μm, and formed oval subterminal spores. Cells stained Gram-negative, but were Gram-type positive. Growth was observed between 32.5 and 69 °C with an optimum around 61 °C (no growth occurred at or below 30 °C, or at or above 72 °C). The pH60 °C range for growth was 4.2–8.9 with an optimum at 7.1 (no growth occurred at or below pH60 °C 3.9, or at 9.2 or above). The shortest observed doubling-time at pH60 °C 6.9 and 61 °C was 30 min. Strain JW/IW010T was chemo-organotrophic; yeast extract, peptone, Casamino acids and tryptone supported growth. Yeast extract was necessary for the utilization of non-proteinaceous substrates, and growth was observed with inulin, cellobiose, maltose, sucrose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, xylose, trehalose, mannitol, pyruvate and crotonate. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain JW/IW010T was 33.6 mol% (HPLC method). The major phospholipid fatty acids were iso-15 : 0 (53.5 %), 15 : 0 (11.8 %), 16 : 0 (7.3 %), 10-methyl 16 : 0 (7.3 %) and anteiso-15 : 0 (5.3 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed strain JW/IW010T in the genus Thermoanaerobacter of the family ‘Thermoanaerobacteriaceae’ (Firmicutes), with Thermoanaerobacter sulfurigignens JW/SL-NZ826T (97 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Thermoanaerobacter kivui DSM 2030T (94.5 %) as the closest phylogenetic relatives with validly published names. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain JW/IW010T and Thermoanaerobacter sulfurigignens JW/SL-NZ826T was 64 %. Based on the physiological, phylogenetic and genotypic data, strain JW/IW010T represents a novel taxon, for which the name Thermoanaerobacter uzonensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JW/IW010T (=ATCC BAA-1464T=DSM 18761T). The effectively published strain, 1501/60, of ‘Clostridium uzonii’ [ Krivenko, V. V., Vadachloriya, R. M., Chermykh, N. A., Mityushina, L. L. & Krasilnikova, E. N. (1990). Microbiology (English translation of Mikrobiologiia) 59, 741–748 ] had approximately 88.0 % DNA–DNA relatedness with strain JW/IW010T and was included in the novel taxon.
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Bacillus alkalitelluris sp. nov., an alkaliphilic bacterium isolated from sandy soil
More LessA Gram-positive, alkaliphilic bacterium, designated strain BA288T, was isolated from sandy soil. Cells were facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming rods that were motile by means of peritrichous flagella. The strain grew at 15–40 °C and pH 7.0–11.0 (optimally at 30 °C and pH 9.0–9.5) and at salinities of 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BA288T belonged to the genus Bacillus and that Bacillus herbersteinensis D-1,5aT, Bacillus humi LMG 22167T, Bacillus cohnii DSM 6307T and Bacillus litoralis SW-211T were the closest neighbours (96.2, 96.0, 96.0 and 95.9 % sequence similarity, respectively). The genomic DNA G+C content was 37.9 mol% and the predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and iso-C14 : 0. The peptidoglycan type was A1γ (meso-diaminopimelic acid). Therefore, on the basis of phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic properties, strain BA288T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus alkalitelluris sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BA288T (=KCTC 3947T =DSM 16976T).
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Paenibacillus taichungensis sp. nov., from soil in Taiwan
More LessAmong a large collection of Taiwanese soil isolates, a novel Gram-variable, rod-shaped, motile, endospore-forming bacterial strain, strain V10537T, was subjected to a polyphasic study including 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization experiments, cell wall peptidoglycan type, cellular fatty acid composition analysis and comparative phenotypic characterization. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the organism belonged to the genus Paenibacillus. Strain V10537T possessed meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan. It contained menaquinone MK-7 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 (53.6 %) and C16 : 0 (19.0 %) as the major fatty acids. Phylogenetically, the most closely related species to strain V10537T were Paenibacillus pabuli, Paenibacillus xylanilyticus, Paenibacillus amylolyticus, Paenibacillus barcinonensis and Paenibacillus illinoisensis, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 99.5, 98.8, 98.3, 98.2 and 98.1 % to the respective type strains. The gyrB gene sequence similarities between strain V10537T and these strains were 76.9–85.0 %. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments showed levels of relatedness of 8.5–45.6 % between strain V10537T and these strains. The DNA G+C content of strain V10537T was 46.7 mol%. Strain V10537T was clearly distinguishable from other Paenibacillus species and thus represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus taichungensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is V10537T (=BCRC 17757T =DSM 19942T).
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- Evolution, Phylogeny And Biodiversity
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Taxonomic analysis of Sorangium strains based on HSP60 and 16S rRNA gene sequences and morphology
The taxonomy of myxobacteria is based mainly on their morphological characteristics. The genus Sorangium belongs to the myxobacterial suborder Sorangiineae. Strains in the genus were classified either as one species, Sorangium cellulosum, by ignoring divergent morphological characteristics, or into several species; however, the latter classification is based on some dubious morphological characteristics and is inconsistent with the phylogeny constructed from 16S rRNA gene sequences. In this study, two HSP60 (groEL1 and groEL2) genes were amplified and sequenced from 22 Sorangium strains. The groEL1 and groEL2 gene sequences were highly conserved in Sorangium strains, suggesting that these two paralogous genes both play important roles in the life cycle. The phylogeny constructed by the groEL genes was rather consistent with the morphological characteristics of sporangioles. Including information from the phylogenetic analysis and morphological characteristics, it is suggested that the genus Sorangium includes two species.
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- International Committee On Systematics Of Prokaryotes
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- Minutes
- Errata
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 74 (2024)
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Volume 73 (2023)
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Volume 72 (2022 - 2023)
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Volume 71 (2020 - 2021)
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Volume 69 (2019)
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Volume 68 (2018)
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Volume 67 (2017)
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Volume 66 (2016)
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Volume 65 (2015)
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Volume 60 (2010)
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Volume 58 (2008)
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Volume 6 (1956)
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Volume 2 (1952)
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Volume 1 (1951)