- Volume 46, Issue 1, 1996
Volume 46, Issue 1, 1996
- Original Papers Relating To The Systematics Of Yeasts
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Karyotyping of Fluconazole-Resistant Yeasts with Phenotype Reported as Candida krusei or Candida inconspicua
More LessThe yeasts Candida krusei and Candida inconspicua have similar phenotypes, which may make discrimination of these organisms difficult. In this study we determined the karyotypes of 51 isolates of these two yeast species by contour-clamped homogeneous electric field electrophoresis. We found that the 43 isolates that had the C. krusei phenotype had three karyotype-specific characteristics. These isolates produced either two or three bands between 2,000 and 3,000 kb and no band between 1,300 and 2,000 kb, and there was either a single bright band at 1,300 or 1,200 kb or two separate bands at 1,300, 1,200, or 1,100 kb. Using this technique, we were able to distinguish 27 different C. krusei types on the basis of band variations. The seven isolates identified as C. inconspicua on the basis of phenotype differed in that they produced at least one band between 1,300 and 2,000 kb. These isolates produced six to nine bands, in contrast to C. krusei strains, which produced three to six bands. The MIC of fluconazole for all of the isolates was at least 12.5 mg/liter, as determined by a broth dilution method.
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Use of an rRNA Internal Transcribed Spacer Region To Distinguish Phylogenetically Closely Related Species of the Genera Zygosaccharomyces and Torulaspora
More LessAnalyses of the sequences of the small-subunit (18S) rRNA gene and two internal transcribed spacers (ITSs), ITS1 and ITS2, revealed that members of the yeast genera Torulaspora and Zygosaccharomyces are phylogenetically intermixed. Despite some minor differences in 18S rRNA-, ITS1-, and ITS2-derived trees, in general the patterns of the relationships inferred from the three chronometers were in good agreement. The ITS sequences of Torulaspora and Zygosaccharomyces species exhibited far greater interspecies differences than the 18S rRNA sequences and were better than 18S rRNA sequences for measuring close genealogical relationships. Despite the existence of interstrain ITS sequence variation in some species, it is possible to identify conserved regions in both ITSs that are useful in species differentiation.
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A Reconsideration of Species Related to Saccharomyces dairensis (Naganishi)
More LessA study of DNA reassociation kinetics and electrophoretic karyotypes of several strains classified as Saccharomyces castellii, Saccharomyces dairensis, and Pachytichospora transvaalensis strains revealed that the group included members of at least five distinct species. Two of the four strains classified as P. transvaalensis exhibited very high levels of DNA sequence homology with the type strain of S. castellii, while the type strain and another strain demonstrated intermediate levels of relatedness to the type strains of the unrelated taxa S. castellii and S. dairensis. Five strains that were classified as S. diarensis strains were not related to the type strains of the taxa studied. Two of these strains exhibited intermediate relatedness (65% base sequence homology), while another pair exhibited a level of DNA reassociation of 97%. The remaining strain was distinct from all the other strains studied on the basis of both DNA base sequences and electrophoretic karyotype data.
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Synonomy of the Yeast Genera Saccharomyces Meyen ex Hansen and Pachytichospora van der Walt
More LessThe type strains and other strains of the phenotypically similar taxa Saccharomyces castellii Capriotti, Saccharomyces dairensis Naganishi, and Pachytichospora transvaalensis van der Walt were studied by comparing the ascospore morphologies of these organisms by examining ultrathin sections by transmission electron microscopy. The results of this study and another investigation of DNA base sequence homology demonstrated that the monotypic genus Pachytichospora van der Walt is invalid. We propose that the species Saccharomyces transvaalensis van der Walt should be reinstated.
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Molecular and Chemical Taxonomic Differentiation of Candida boidinii Ramirez Strains
More LessMolecular and chemical taxonomic characteristics, including DNA base composition, electrophoretic karyotype, restriction fragment length polymorphism of genes coding for rRNA, cellular fatty acid composition, and ubiquinone systems, were studied for 19 strains of Candida boidinii Ramirez. Electrophoretic karyotype and restriction fragment length polymorphism demonstrated marked differences among these strains. A combination of molecular and chemical analyses can serve as a reliable tool for culture authentication and quality control of industrial strains.
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- Matters Relating To The International Committee On Systematic Bacteriology
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- Errata
Volumes and issues
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