- Volume 59, Issue 12, 2009
Volume 59, Issue 12, 2009
- New Taxa
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- Firmicutes And Related Organisms
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Piscibacillus halophilus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium from a hypersaline Iranian lake
More LessA Gram-positive, moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain HS224T, was isolated from the hypersaline lake Howz-Soltan in Iran. Cells of strain HS224T were rod-shaped, motile and produced oval endospores. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HS224T was affiliated to the genus Piscibacillus, exhibiting 98.5 % sequence similarity to the type strain of Piscibacillus salipiscarius. Strain HS224T was also related closely to the type strains of Aquisalibacillus elongatus (98.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Filobacillus milosensis (97.9 %) and Tenuibacillus multivorans (97.0 %). Strain HS224T was able to grow at NaCl concentrations of 1–20 % (w/v), with optimum growth occurring at 10 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 35 °C and pH 7.5. Major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol, the isoprenoid quinone was MK-7 and the peptidoglycan type was A1γ, with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid; these characteristics were shared with P. salipiscarius. The major cellular fatty acids of strain HS224T were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The G+C content of the DNA was 37.5 mol%. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain HS224T and P. salipiscarius JCM 13188T was 30.8 %. It is evident from the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data presented that strain HS224T represents a novel species of the genus Piscibacillus, for which the name Piscibacillus halophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HS224T (=CCM 7596T=DSM 21633T=JCM 15721T=LMG 24786T).
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Anaerosphaera aminiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a glutamate-degrading, Gram-positive anaerobic coccus isolated from a methanogenic reactor treating cattle waste
More LessA strictly anaerobic, mesophilic and aminolytic strain (WN036T) was isolated from a methanogenic reactor treating waste from cattle farms. Cells were Gram-positive cocci, often occurred in pairs and were non-motile. Although spore formation was not confirmed by microscopic observation of cells, the strain produced thermotolerant cells. The optimum temperature for growth was 35–37 °C and the optimum pH was 6.7. Oxidase, catalase and nitrate-reducing activities were negative. The novel strain did not ferment carbohydrates and grew in PY medium without additional substrates. The strain utilized l-glutamate, l-glutamine, l-histidine and l-arginine as growth substrates. Major fermentation products were acetate and butyrate with a small amount of propionate. The genomic DNA G+C content was 32.5 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were C17 : 1 ω8, C18 : 1 ω7 DMA and C16 : 0. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was lysine. Glutamic acid, glycine, alanine and aspartic acid were also detected in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the most closely related species to strain WN036T were Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus ATCC 14965T (89.8 %) and Peptoniphilus indolicus ATCC 29427T (89.6 %). Based on the differences in the phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of strain WN036T compared with those of closely related species, a novel genus and species, Anaerosphaera aminiphila gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is WN036T (=JCM 15094T=DSM 21120T).
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Carnobacterium jeotgali sp. nov., isolated from a Korean traditional fermented food
More LessA Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated strain MS3T, was isolated from a traditional Korean fermented food made with freshwater shrimp. Strain MS3T was able to grow at 4–37 °C, at pH 5.5–9.0 and in the presence of 0–5 % (w/v) NaCl. Optimal growth occurred at 30 °C, at pH 8.5 and in the presence of 2 % NaCl. The strain was catalase- and oxidase-negative. It was able to metabolize various carbohydrates as energy sources. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain MS3T was most closely related to Carnobacterium pleistocenium FTR1T (98.95 % similarity), but the level of DNA–DNA relatedness between the two taxa was less than 16.0 %. The genomic G+C content of strain MS3T was 43.9 mol% and the major fatty acid components were C16 : 0, C16 : 1 ω9c and C18 : 1 ω9c. On the basis of its genotypic, physiological and biochemical characteristics, strain MS3T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Carnobacterium, for which the name Carnobacterium jeotgali sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MS3T (=KCTC 13251T=JCM 15539T).
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- Other Bacteria
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Thermus islandicus sp. nov., a mixotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacterium isolated from the Torfajokull geothermal area
Strains PRI 2268 and PRI 3838T were isolated from two separate hot springs in the Torfajokull geothermal area of South Iceland. The cells were non-motile rods, approximately 0.3 μm in width and 1.5–2.5 μm in length. Electron microscopy revealed a Gram-negative cell-wall structure. The strains grew at 45–79 °C (optimum, 65 °C) and pH 5.5–10.5 (optimum, pH 6.0–7.0). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that they formed a separate branch within the genus Thermus with ‘Thermus kawarayensis’ KW11 as their closest cultured relative (96.5 % similarity). The gene sequence similarities of both new isolates to Thermus aquaticus YT-1T and Thermus igniterrae RF-4T were 96.1 % and 95.5 %, respectively. DNA–DNA relatedness between strain PRI 3838T and ‘T. kawarayensis’ was 46.1 %. The DNA G+C content of strain PRI 3838T was 69.0 mol%. The predominant menaquinones, pigmentation, fatty acid profiles and phospholipid profiles of the novel strains were similar to those of other members of the genus Thermus. However, the new strains could be differentiated from the type strains of all other species of the genus Thermus by their lack of catalase activity and their utilization of only a few carbon sources. Furthermore, the novel strains exhibited mixotrophic growth with sulfur oxidation. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, DNA–DNA hybridization and physiological and biochemical characteristics, the new isolates represent a novel species. Since the species appears to be ubiquitous in Icelandic hot springs, the name Thermus islandicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PRI 3838T (=DSM 21543T=ATCC BAA-1677T).
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Kosmotoga olearia gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic heterotroph isolated from an oil production fluid
A novel thermophilic, heterotrophic bacterium, strain TBF 19.5.1T, was isolated from oil production fluid at the Troll B oil platform in the North Sea. Cells of strain TBF 19.5.1T were non-motile rods with a sheath-like structure, or toga. The strain was Gram-negative and grew at 20–80 °C (optimum 65 °C), pH 5.5–8.0 (optimum pH 6.8) and NaCl concentrations of 10–60 g l−1 (optimum 25–30 g l−1). For a member of the order Thermotogales, the novel isolate is capable of unprecedented growth at low temperatures, with an optimal doubling time of 175 min (specific growth rate 0.24 h−1) and a final optical density of >1.4 when grown on pyruvate at 37 °C. Various carbohydrates, proteinaceous compounds and pyruvate served as growth substrates. Thiosulfate, but not elemental sulfur, enhanced growth of the isolate. Sulfate also enhanced growth, but sulfide was not produced. The strain grew in the presence of up to approximately 15 % oxygen, but only if cysteine was included in the medium. Growth of the isolate was inhibited by acetate, lactate and propionate, while butanol and malate prevented growth. The major fermentation products formed on maltose were hydrogen, carbon dioxide and acetic acid, with traces of ethanol and propionic acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.5 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S and 23S rRNA gene sequences as well as 29 protein-coding ORFs placed the strain within the bacterial order Thermotogales. Based on the phylogenetic analyses and the possession of a variety of physiological characteristics not previously found in any species of this order, it is proposed that the strain represents a novel species of a new genus within the family Thermotogaceae, order Thermotogales. The name Kosmotoga olearia gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Kosmotoga olearia is TBF 19.5.1T (=DSM 21960T =ATCC BAA-1733T).
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- Proteobacteria
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Ponticaulis koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Hyphomonadaceae isolated from seawater
More LessAn obligately halophilic, stalked bacterium, designated strain GSW-23T, was isolated from seawater that had been collected on the coast of Jeju, Korea. Cells of the strain were characteristically Gram-negative, aerobic, chemo-organotrophic, non-budding, motile rods or vibrioids that possessed prosthecae and holdfasts. Multiplication occurred by means of binary fission. The major ubiquinone was Q-10. The dominant cellular fatty acids were summed feature 7 (one or more of C18 : 1 ω9c, C18 : 1 ω12t and C18 : 1 ω7c; 37.1 %), C16 : 0 (25.5 %) and C18 : 0 (14.1 %). The DNA G+C content was 53.3 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analyses showed that the organism was related to members of the family Hyphomonadaceae and formed a distinct clade between members of the genus Hyphomonas and Hirschia baltica DSM 5838T. Strain GSW-23T was most closely related to the genus Hyphomonas (92.5–93.9 % sequence similarity), but differed from members of the genus by reproduction by binary fission, some physiological properties (gelatin liquefaction and tolerance of 6 % NaCl) and chemotaxonomic features (major fatty acids, major quinones and DNA G+C content). The other genera of the family can be readily differentiated from the isolate by a battery of cultural, physiological and chemotaxonomic characteristics. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data presented here, strain GSW-23T represents a novel genus and species in the family Hyphomonadaceae, for which the name Ponticaulis koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Ponticaulis koreensis is strain GSW-23T (=KCTC 22146T =DSM 19734T =JCM 14975T).
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Bartonella rattaustraliani sp. nov., Bartonella queenslandensis sp. nov. and Bartonella coopersplainsensis sp. nov., identified in Australian rats
More LessA total of 11 Bartonella isolates were recovered from the blood of Melomys, Uromys and Rattus species in Australia and were characterized using phenotypic and genotypic methods. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene, ftsZ, gltA and 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region sequences from the isolates indicated that they formed three sequence similarity groups that were distinct from one another and from the currently recognized Bartonella species. Phylogenetic analysis based on alignment of concatenated sequences inferred distinct evolutionary lineages for each of the three groups within the genus Bartonella. On the basis of these data, we propose the isolates be accommodated in three novel Bartonella species, namely Bartonella rattaustraliani sp. nov. (type strain AUST/NH4T =CIP 109051T =CCUG 52161T =CSUR B609T), Bartonella queenslandensis sp. nov. (type strain AUST/NH12T =CIP 109057T =CCUG 52167T =CSUR B617T) and Bartonella coopersplainsensis sp. nov. (type strain AUST/NH20T =CIP 109064T =CCUG 52174T =CSUR B619T).
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Arenimonas oryziterrae sp. nov., isolated from a field of rice (Oryza sativa L.) managed under a no-tillage regime, and reclassification of Aspromonas composti as Arenimonas composti comb. nov.
More LessThe taxonomic position of a novel bacterial strain, YC6267T isolated from a field of rice (Oryza sativa L.) managed under a no-tillage regime in Jinju, Korea, was studied using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped and aerobic. It grew at 15–37 °C (optimum at 28 °C). Growth of the strain occurred between pH 5.0 and 10.0, with an optimum of pH 7.0–8.0. The G+C content of the total DNA was 65.8 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the strain was most closely related to species of the genera Arenimonas (95.6–94.4 %) and Aspromonas (95.1 %), with <95.0 % similarity to species of the genus Lysobacter and other genera of the family Xanthomonadaceae. Chemotaxonomic data (major quinone Q-8; major polar lipids phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol; and major fatty acids iso-C15 : 0, iso-C14 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, and iso-C17 : 1 ω9c) supported the affiliation of strain YC6267T to the genus Arenimonas. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and biochemical and physiological characteristics strongly supported the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of strain YC6267T from described species of the genus Arenimonas. Strain YC6267T, therefore, represents a novel species, for which the name Arenimonas oryziterrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YC6267T (=KCTC 22247T =DSM 21050T). In addition, the reclassification of Aspromonas composti as Arenimonas composti comb. nov. is proposed (type strain TR7-09T =KCTC 12666T =DSM 18010T). A common line of descent and a number of shared phenotypic traits support this reclassification.
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Altererythrobacter marinus sp. nov., isolated from deep seawater
More LessA taxonomic study was carried out on strain H32T, which was isolated from a crude-oil-degrading consortium enriched from deep seawater of the Indian Ocean. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain H32T showed highest similarity to that of Altererythrobacter luteolus SW-109T (96.7 %); lower similarities were observed with other members of the genus Altererythrobacter (94.7–95.7 %) and with members of the genera Erythrobacter (94.5–96.3 %), Erythromicrobium (94.9 %) and Porphyrobacter (94.3–95.3 %). Phylogenetic analyses of all members of the family Erythrobacteraceae and several members of the family Sphingomonadaceae revealed that strain H32T formed a clade within the genus Altererythrobacter. The dominant fatty acids were C16 : 0 (6.7 %), C18 : 1 ω7c (44.3 %) and 11-methyl C18 : 1 ω7c (25.4 %). The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 10. The DNA G+C content was 66.5 mol%. Strain H32T did not contain bacteriochlorophyll a. These characteristics are in good agreement with those of members of the genus Altererythrobacter. Therefore, according to its morphology, physiology, fatty acid composition and 16S rRNA gene sequence data, strain H32T belongs to the genus Altererythrobacter, but can be readily distinguished from known Altererythrobacter species. It is therefore proposed that strain H32T represents a novel species, Altererythrobacter marinus sp. nov., with H32T (=CCTCC AB 208229T =LMG 24629T =MCCC 1A01070T) as the type strain.
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Gilvimarinus chinensis gen. nov., sp. nov., an agar-digesting marine bacterium within the class Gammaproteobacteria isolated from coastal seawater in Qingdao, China
A taxonomic study was performed on strain QM42T, which was isolated from coastal seawater from an aquaculture site near Qingdao, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain QM42T was a member of the class Gammaproteobacteria. Cells of strain QM42T were Gram-negative, yellow, aerobic and rod-shaped. The strain formed a distinct phyletic line with less than 91 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to its closest relatives with validly published names within the class Gammaproteobacteria. The genomic DNA G+C content was 51.9 mol%. The major fatty acids were C16 : 1 ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C18 : 1 ω7c and C16 : 0. Based on data from a polyphasic chemotaxonomic, physiological and biochemical study, strain QM42T is considered to represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Gilvimarinus chinensis gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is QM42T (=CGMCC 1.7008T=DSM 19667T).
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Rhizobium alkalisoli sp. nov., isolated from Caragana intermedia growing in saline-alkaline soils in the north of China
More LessThree rhizobial strains (CCBAU 01393T, CCBAU 01389 and CCBAU 03239) isolated from nodules of Caragana intermedia grown in saline-alkaline soils in the north of China had identical 16S rRNA genes that showed 99.7 and 99.5 % sequence similarities with those of Rhizobium huautlense SO2T and Rhizobium galegae USDA 4128T, respectively. Phylogenies of the housekeeping genes atpD, recA and glnII confirmed their distinct position, differing from recognized Rhizobium species. SDS-PAGE of whole-cell soluble proteins and a series of phenotypic and physiological tests allowed us to differentiate the novel group from all closely related recognized Rhizobium species. The levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain CCBAU 01393T and R. huautlense SO2T and R. galegae USDA 4128T were 34.9 and 20.5 %, respectively. Therefore, we propose that strains CCBAU 01393T, CCBAU 01389 and CCBAU 03239 represent a novel species, Rhizobium alkalisoli sp. nov., with strain CCBAU 01393T (=LMG 24763T=HAMBI 3051T) as the type strain. This strain could form effective nodules on Caragana microphylla, Phaseolus vulgaris and Vigna radiata.
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Mesorhizobium shangrilense sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Caragana species
More LessFive strains of bacteria isolated from nodules of Caragana bicolor and Caragana erinacea in Yunnan Province of China were classified within the genus Mesorhizobium in the class Alphaproteobacteria. The highest degree of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity was determined to be to Mesorhizobium loti LMG 6125T (99.7 %) and Mesorhizobium ciceri UPM-Ca7T (99.7 %). Polyphasic taxonomic methods including SDS-PAGE of whole-cell soluble proteins, comparative housekeeping sequence analysis of atpD, glnII and recA, fatty acid profiles and a series of phenotypic and physiological tests allowed us to cluster the five strains into a coherent group while differentiating them from all previously established Mesorhizobium species. The DNA–DNA relatedness between the representative strain CCBAU 65327T and the type strains of M. loti and M. ciceri was 26.5 and 23.4 %, respectively, clearly indicating that strain CCBAU 65327T represents a novel species for which we propose the name Mesorhizobium shangrilense sp. nov. Strain CCBAU 65327T (=LMG 24762T =HAMBI 3050T) is designated as the type strain, and could nodulate Caragana microphylla, Caragana intermedia, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Astragalus adsurgens, Vigna unguiculata, Vigna radiata and Phaseolus vulgaris in cross-nodulation tests.
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Pseudomonas pelagia sp. nov., isolated from a culture of the Antarctic green alga Pyramimonas gelidicola
More LessTwo Gram-negative, strictly aerobic bacterial strains, designated CL-AP6T and CL-AP22, were isolated from a culture of a green alga, Pyramimonas gelidicola, established from the Antarctic. Cells of the strains were straight rods and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. The strains grew with 0.5–8 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1–2 %) and at 4–33 °C (optimum, 25 °C) and pH 6.5–9.1 (optimum, pH 7.5–8.1). The two strains shared 98.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains CL-AP6T and CL-AP22 revealed that they were members of the genus Pseudomonas and were most closely related to Pseudomonas xiamenensis C10-2T (95.5–95.8 % sequence similarity) and next to Pseudomonas pertucinogena NBRC 14163T (95.1–95.5 % sequence similarity) and to other members of the genus Pseudomonas (<95.2 % sequence similarity). Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CL-AP6T formed a robust clade with strain CL-AP22, and that this clade clustered tightly with the nearest clade containing P. xiamenensis and P. pertucinogena. The major isoprenoid quinone of strains CL-AP6T and CL-AP22 was Q-9 and the major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c (40.2–41.6 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH; 26.3–26.8 %), C16 : 0 (13.7–13.9 %) and C12 : 0 (5.8–6.2 %). The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains CL-AP6T and CL-AP22 were 59.1 and 57.2 mol%, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments revealed high relatedness values (98.5±0.5 %; mean±sem, n=2) between strains CL-AP6T and CL-AP22, indicating that the two strains constituted a single species. However, the two strains differed phenotypically from P. xiamenensis by their inability to grow without NaCl, temperature range for growth, hydrolysis of starch and production of certain enzymes. The phylogenetic analysis and physiological and biochemical data showed that strains CL-AP6T and CL-AP22 should be classified as representing a novel species in the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas pelagia sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CL-AP6T (=KCCM 90073T=JCM 15562T).
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Brachymonas chironomi sp. nov., isolated from a chironomid egg mass, and emended description of the genus Brachymonas
More LessA Gram-negative, aerobic, chemo-organotrophic, catalase- and oxidase-positive strain, designated AIMA4T, was isolated from a chironomid (Diptera; Chironomidae) egg mass which was sampled from a waste stabilization pond in northern Israel. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene placed strain AIMA4T in the genus Brachymonas (class Betaproteobacteria). Strain AIMA4T shared 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 96.9 % with Brachymonas denitrificans JCM 9216T and <95.7 % with the type strains of other genera. Strain AIMA4T was found to be a non-motile coccobacillus or rod that did not grow under anaerobic conditions and did not produce acid from carbohydrates. Growth was observed at salinities from 0 to 2.5 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH values from 5.0 to 9.0 and at temperatures from 18 to 37 °C. The major fatty acids (>10 %) of strain AIMA4T were C16 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω7c. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylserine were the predominant components of the polar lipids. The major ubiquinone was Q-8. On the basis of phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain AIMA4T (=LMG 24400T=DSM 19884T) was classified in the genus Brachymonas as the type strain of a novel species for which the name Brachymonas chironomi sp. nov. is proposed.
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Marinobacterium maritimum sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from Arctic sediment
A Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, motile, marine bacterium, strain AR11T, was isolated from Arctic marine sediment. Strain AR11T grew with 0.5–7 % NaCl and at 7–37 °C and pH 5.5–9.0. It utilized propionate, 3-hydroxybenzoate, l-proline, acetate, d- and l-lactate, l-alanine, malate and phenylacetic acid. Alkaline phosphatase, esterase lipase (C8), leucine arylamidase and acid phosphatase activity tests were positive. Acid was produced from 5-ketogluconate and aesculin. Strain AR11T possessed C16 : 0 (22.0 %), summed feature 4 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH; 28.1 %) and summed feature 7 (one or more of C18 : 1 ω7c, ω9t and ω12t; 34.0 %) as the major cellular fatty acids. The major ubiquinone was Q-8. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that strain AR11T belonged to the Gammaproteobacteria and was most closely related to Marinobacterium stanieri DSM 7027T, Marinobacterium halophilum mano11T and Marinobacterium georgiense KW-40T (97.8, 97.0 and 96.7 % similarity, respectively). The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain AR11T was 57.9 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness data indicated that strain AR11T represented a distinct species that was separated from M. stanieri DSM 7027T, M. halophilum KCTC 12240T and M. georgiense JCM 21667T. On the basis of evidence from this polyphasic study, it is proposed that strain AR11T (=KCTC 22254T=JCM 15134T) represents the type strain of a novel species, Marinobacterium maritimum sp. nov.
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Rhizobium tibeticum sp. nov., a symbiotic bacterium isolated from Trigonella archiducis-nicolai (Širj.) Vassilcz.
Isolated from root nodules of Trigonella archiducis-nicolai (Širj.) Vassilcz. grown in Tibet, China, cells of the bacterial strains CCBAU 85039T and CCBAU 85027 were Gram-negative, aerobic, motile, non-spore-forming rods that formed colonies that were semi-translucent and opalescent on yeast extract-mannitol agar. In numerical taxonomy, SDS-PAGE analysis of whole-cell proteins and DNA–DNA hybridization, the two strains were very similar and were different from reference strains of defined Rhizobium species. In the phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, they were most similar to Rhizobium etli CFN 42T (98.2 % similarity) and R. leguminosarum USDA 2370T (97.6 %). Sequence analyses of the housekeeping genes recA, atpD and glnII and the 16S–23S rRNA intergenic spacer, phenotypic characteristics and cellular fatty acid profiles strongly suggested that these two strains represented a novel species within Rhizobium. Cross-nodulation tests and sequencing of nifH and nodA genes showed that these two strains were symbiotic bacteria that nodulated Trigonella archiducis-nicolai, Medicago lupulina, Medicago sativa, Melilotus officinalis, Phaseolus vulgaris and Trigonella foenum-graecum. Based on the results, the novel species Rhizobium tibeticum sp. nov. is described to accommodate the two strains. The type strain is CCBAU 85039T (=LMG 24453T =CGMCC 1.7071T). The DNA G+C content of this strain is 59.7 mol% (T m).
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Maribaculum marinum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from deep seawater
More LessA taxonomic study was carried out on strain P38T, which was isolated from an enriched polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading consortium from a deep seawater sample collected from the Indian Ocean. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain P38T formed a distinct evolutionary lineage within the family Hyphomonadaceae. Strain P38T was most closely related to members of the genera Hyphomonas (92.3–93.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Hirschia (88.8 %), Maricaulis (88.3–88.6 %), Hellea (87.5 %), Oceanicaulis (87.4 %) and Robiginitomaculum (86.7 %) of the family Hyphomonadaceae. The DNA G+C content of strain P38T was 61.0 mol% and the predominant cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0 (20 %), C17 : 0 (5.7 %), C18 : 1 ω7c (37.7 %), C18 : 0 (6.3 %) and C18 : 1 ω7c 11-methyl (7.1 %). Strain P38T was distinguishable from members of phylogenetically related genera by differences in several phenotypic properties. On the basis of the phenotypic and phylogenetic data, strain P38T represents a novel species of a new genus, for which the name Maribaculum marinum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Maribaculum marinum is P38T (=CCTCC AB 208227T=LMG 24711T=MCCC 1A01086T).
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Aidingimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake
More LessTwo Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, non-motile, rod-shaped and moderately halophilic bacterial strains, designated YIM 90637T and BH 017, were isolated from a salt lake in Xinjiang province, north-west China, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the two novel isolates were affiliated with the family Halomonadaceae; the two strains shared 100 % sequence similarity, but showed similarities of 94.7 % with the type strain of Modicisalibacter tunisiensis, 93.2–94.7 % with members of the genus Chromohalobacter, 93.2–95.0 % with members of the genus Halomonas and less than 92.0 % with other members of the family Halomonadaceae. However, DNA–DNA relatedness data and phenotypic properties demonstrated that strains YIM 90637T and BH 017 were representatives of the same species. The major fatty acids were C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C16 : 0. The relative amount of C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c was notably higher than that found in most species of the family Halomonadaceae for which fatty acid composition has been determined. The genomic DNA G+C content was 57.2–57.5 mol% and the only respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 9. Based on evidence from the polyphasic taxonomic study, it was concluded that the two strains should be classified as representatives of a novel species in a new genus, for which name Aidingimonas halophila gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain of Aidingimonas halophila is YIM 90637T (=KCTC 12885T=CCTCC AB 207002T).
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Desulfocurvus vexinensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from a deep subsurface aquifer
A novel anaerobic, chemo-organotrophic bacterium, designated VNs36T, was isolated from a well that collected water from a deep saline aquifer used for underground gas storage at a depth of 830 m in the Paris Basin, France. Cells were curved motile rods or vibrios (3.0–5.0×0.5 μm). Strain VNs36T grew at temperatures between 20 and 50 °C (optimum 37 °C) and at pH values between 5.0 and 9.0 (optimum 6.9). It did not require salt for growth, but tolerated up to 20 g NaCl l−1 (optimum 2 g l−1). In the presence of sulfate, strain VNs36T used lactate, formate and pyruvate as carbon and energy sources. The main fermentation products from lactate were acetate, H2 and CO2. Sulfate, thiosulfate and sulfite were used as electron acceptors, but not sulfur. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain VNs36T was 67.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain VNs36T was affiliated with the family Desulfovibrionaceae within the class Deltaproteobacteria. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons, DNA G+C content and the absence of desulfoviridin in cell extracts, it is proposed that strain VNs36T be assigned to a new genus, Desulfocurvus gen. nov., as a representative of a novel species, Desulfocurvus vexinensis sp. nov. The type species of this genus is Desulfocurvus vexinensis with the type strain VNs36T (=DSM 17965T=JCM 14038T).
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Shewanella chilikensis sp. nov., a moderately alkaliphilic gammaproteobacterium isolated from a lagoon
More LessA Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic bacterium was isolated from sediment of Chilika Lagoon, a brackish water lagoon in India. The strain, designated JC5T, was able to grow in the presence of 0–8.0 % NaCl and at pH 7.0–10.0. The isolate was positive for oxidase and catalase and exhibited α-haemolysis. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (18.3 %), C16 : 0 (11.3 %), C17 : 1 ω8c (13.1 %) and a summed feature, C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c (15.1 %). The genomic DNA G+C content was 54.6 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC5T forms a lineage within the genus Shewanella and is closely related to Shewanella haliotis DW01T (98.0 %), Shewanella algae ATCC 51192T (97.6 %) and Shewanella marina C4T (95.8 %). Further, genomic DNA–DNA hybridization of strain JC5T with S. haliotis DW01T and S. algae ATCC 51192T showed relatedness of only 42 and 23 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic and molecular genetic evidence, strain JC5T represents a novel species of the genus Shewanella, for which the name Shewanella chilikensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC5T (=CCUG 57101T =NBRC 105217T =KCTC 22540T).
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