- Volume 64, Issue Pt_2, 2014
Volume 64, Issue Pt_2, 2014
- New Taxa
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- Firmicutes and Related Organisms
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Kurthia huakuii sp. nov., isolated from biogas slurry, and emended description of the genus Kurthia
A novel facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated strain LAM0618T, was isolated from biogas slurry samples collected from the large-scale anaerobic digester of Modern Farming Corporation in Hebei Province, China. Cells of strain LAM0618T were Gram-stain-positive, motile, non-spore-forming and short-rod-shaped. The optimal temperature and pH for growth were 30 °C and 7.0, respectively. The strain did not require NaCl for growth but tolerated up to 70 g NaCl l−1. The major fatty acids of strain LAM0618T were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C14 : 0, C16 : 0 and C18 : 0. The predominant menaquinones of strain LAM0618T were menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and menaquinone 6 (MK-6). The main polar lipids of strain LAM0618T were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and six unknown glycolipids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 41 mol% as determined by the T m method. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain LAM0618T was a member of the genus Kurthia , and was most closely related to ‘ Kurthia massiliensis’ DSM 24639, Kurthia zopfii DSM 20580T, Kurthia gibsonii DSM 20636T and Kurthia sibirica DSM 4747T, with 96.9, 95.7, 95.6 and 94.9 % sequence similarity, respectively. Based on its phenotypic and genotypic properties, strain LAM0618T is suggested to represent a novel species of the genus Kurthia , for which the name Kurthia huakuii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LAM0618T ( = ACCC 06121T = JCM 19187T).
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- Proteobacteria
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Sulfitobacter porphyrae sp. nov., isolated from the red alga Porphyra yezoensis
Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, halophilic bacteria, designated SCM-1T, LCM10-1 and CTBL-B-147, were isolated from modified half-strength SWM-III medium, PES medium and thalli after laboratory cultivation of a red alga, Porphyra yezoensis. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the new isolates were affiliated to the genus Sulfitobacter of the class Alphaproteobacteria , and the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of the new isolates with the closest related species, Sulfitobacter mediterraneus CH-B427T, was 98.8 %. The DNA G+C contents of the new isolates were in the range of 61.4–62.3 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness values of strain SCM-1T with other type strains of the genus Sulfitobacter were less than 15.9 %. The new isolates contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified amino lipid and an unidentified lipid as the main polar lipids, and C18 : 1ω7c, C19 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids (>10 % of the total). Strain SCM-1T could be differentiated from Sulfitobacter mediterraneus JCM 21792T by 35 morphological and phenotypic characteristics. On the basis of the phylogenetic, genetic and phenotypic properties of the new isolates, the name Sulfitobacter porphyrae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain SCM-1T ( = LMG 27110T = NBRC 109054T) as the type strain.
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Pseudoalteromonas xiamenensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from coastal surface seawater
More LessA Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, motile, aerobic bacterium, designated Y2T, was isolated from surface seawater of Yundang Lake, Xiamen, China. The strain was able to grow in the presence of 0.5–6.0 % NaCl (optimum 1.0–1.5 %), at pH 5–10 (optimum pH 8) and at 10–40 °C (optimum 25 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain Y2T belongs to the genus Pseudoalteromonas , with the highest sequence similarity of 94.9 % to Pseudoalteromonas tunicata D2T; within the genus Pseudoalteromonas , it showed the lowest similarity of 92.8 % to Pseudoalteromonas denitrificans ATCC 43337T. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA of strain Y2T was 45.1 mol%. The predominant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c), C16 : 0, C12 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c). The only respiratory quinone detected was Q-8. Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic characteristics, strain Y2T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudoalteromonas , for which the name Pseudoalteromonas xiamenensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is Y2T ( = CGMCC 1.12157T = JCM 18779T).
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Methyloceanibacter caenitepidi gen. nov., sp. nov., a facultatively methylotrophic bacterium isolated from marine sediments near a hydrothermal vent
A moderately thermophilic, methanol-oxidizing bacterium (strain Gela4T) was isolated from methane-utilizing mixed-culture originating from marine sediment near a hydrothermal vent. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain Gela4T was closely related to members of the genus ‘Methyloligella’ (94.7 % similarity) within the class Alphaproteobacteria . Strain Gela4T was a Gram‐staining‐negative and aerobic organism. Cells were rod-shaped and non-motile. The temperature range for growth of strain Gela4T was 19–43 °C (optimal growth at 35 °C). Strain Gela4T tolerated up to 9 % NaCl with an optimum at 1 %. The organism was a facultative methylotroph that could utilize methanol, methylamine, trimethylamine and a variety of multi-carbon compounds. The major cellular fatty acid and major respiratory quinone were C18 : 1ω7c and ubiquinone-10, respectively. The predominant phospholipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 63.9 mol%. On the basis of the morphological, physiological, biochemical and genetic information, a novel genus and species, Methyloceanibacter caenitepidi is proposed, with Gela4T ( = NBRC 109540T = DSM 27242T) as the type strain.
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Photobacterium aquae sp. nov., isolated from a recirculating mariculture system
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, heterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated AE6T, was isolated from a grouper (Epinephelus malabaricas) culture tank in a recirculating mariculture system located in Tianjin, China. Strain AE6T was able to grow at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30–35 °C), at pH 5.5–10.0 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5) and in the presence of 0.5–7 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2–3 %). It contained Q-8 as the predominant respiratory quinone, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) as the major polar lipids and C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c (40.4 %), C18 : 1ω7c (15.5 %) and C16 : 0 (13.5 %) as the predominant cellular fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 47.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain AE6T belonged to the genus Photobacterium (94.2–96.8 % of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and formed a distinct phylogenetic lineage within the genus and exhibited the highest sequence similarity to Photobacterium aphoticum CECT 7614T (96.8 %). Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) using four loci (gyrB, rpoA, pyrH and recA) also revealed that strain AE6T was phylogenetically related to the genus Photobacterium . Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic evidence, strain AE6T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Photobacterium , for which the name Photobacterium aquae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AE6T ( = CGMCC 1.12159T = JCM 18480T).
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Cellvibrio diazotrophicus sp. nov., a nitrogen-fixing bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere of salt meadow plants and emended description of the genus Cellvibrio
More LessTwo Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, nitrogen-fixing, rod-shaped bacteria, designated strains E20 and E50T, were isolated from the rhizosphere of salt meadow plants Plantago winteri and Hordeum secalinum, respectively, near Münzenberg, Germany. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis both strains E20 and E50T are affiliated with the genus Cellvibrio , sharing the highest similarity with Cellvibrio gandavensis LMG 18551T (96.4 %) and (97.1 %), respectively. Strains E20 and E50T were oxidase and catalase-positive, grew at a temperature range between 16 and 37 °C and in the presence of 0–5 % NaCl (w/v). The DNA G+C contents were 52.1 mol% (E20) and 51.6 mol% (E50T). Major fatty acids of strains E20 and E50T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c, C12 : 0, C18 : 0 and C12 : 0 3-OH. The DNA–DNA relatedness of the strains to Cellvibrio gandavensis LMG 18551T was 39 % for strain E20 and 58 % for strain E50T. The nitrogen fixation capability of strains E20 and E50T was confirmed by the acetylene reduction assay. On the basis of our polyphasic taxonomic study, strains E20 and E50T represent a novel species of the genus Cellvibrio , for which the name Cellvibrio diazotrophicus is proposed. The type strain of Cellvibrio diazotrophicus is E50T ( = LMG 27267T = KACC 17069T). An emended description of the genus Cellvibrio is proposed based on the capability of fixing nitrogen and growth in presence of up to 5 % NaCl (w/v).
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Marinomonas fungiae sp. nov., isolated from the coral Fungia echinata from the Andaman Sea
More LessA novel aerobic marine bacterium, strain AN44T, was isolated from the coral Fungia echinata sampled from the Andaman Sea, India. Cells were Gram-negative, motile and rod-shaped. Oxidase and catalase tests were positive. Heterotrophic growth was observed at pH 5.5–10 and at 16–42 °C, with optimum growth at pH 7–8 and 28 °C. Strain AN44T grew in the presence of 0.5–11 % (w/v) NaCl; the optimal NaCl concentration for growth was 3–5 %. The DNA G+C content was 47.8 mol%. Predominant cellular fatty acids of strain AN44T were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, C16 : 0, C10 : 0 3-OH, C12 : 0, C10 : 0, C14 : 0 and C18 : 0. The sole isoprenoid ubiquinone was Q-8. The polar lipids were an unidentified phospholipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid and two unidentified glycolipids. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons revealed that strain AN44T clustered within the radiation of the genus Marinomonas and showed similarity of 97.9 % with Marinomonas ostreistagni UST010306-043T, 97.8 % with Marinomonas aquimarina 11SM4T, 97.1 % with Marinomonas brasilensis R-40503T and 97.0 % with Marinomonas communis 8T. However, DNA–DNA relatedness between strain AN44T and closely related type strains was well below 70 %. On the basis of the data from the present polyphasic taxonomic study, strain AN44T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Marinomonas , for which the name Marinomonas fungiae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AN44T ( = JCM 18476T = LMG 27065T).
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Diaphorobacter aerolatus sp. nov., isolated from air, and emended description of the genus Diaphorobacter
A Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic rod, designated 8604S-37T, was isolated from an outdoor air sample collected in Suwon region, Republic of Korea. The isolate was catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain 8604S-37T was most closely related to Diaphorobacter nitroreducens NA10BT and Diaphorobacter oryzae RF3T, with which it shared 97.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Strain 8604S-37T grew at 10–37 °C (optimum 28 °C; no growth occurred at 4 or 40 °C) and pH 5–9 (optimum pH 7). The strain tolerated up to 3 % NaCl (w/v) (optimum 0 %). The only respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). The polar lipid profile comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and one unknown aminolipid. The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c) and C17 : 0 cyclo, and the predominant hydroxy fatty acid was C10 : 0 3-OH. Strain 8604S-37T exhibited less than 50 % DNA–DNA relatedness with Diaphorobacter nitroreducens KACC 13856T and Diaphorobacter oryzae KACC 16857T. The DNA G+C content was 65 mol%. Strain 8604S-37T represents a novel species of the genus Diaphorobacter , for which the name Diaphorobacter aerolatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 8604S-37T ( = KACC 16536T = NBRC 108926T). An emended description of the genus Diaphorobacter is also proposed.
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Desulfatiferula berrensis sp. nov., a n-alkene-degrading sulfate-reducing bacterium isolated from estuarine sediments
A novel sulfate-reducing bacterium designated strain BE2801T was isolated from oil-polluted estuarine sediments (Berre Lagoon, France). Cells were Gram-stain-negative, motile, slightly curved or vibrioid rods. Optimal growth of strain BE2801T occurred at 30–32 °C, 0.5–1.5% NaCl (w/v) and pH 7.2–7.4. Strain BE2801T grew with C4 to C20 fatty acids or C12 to C20 n-alkenes as electron donors. Acetate and carbon dioxide were the oxidation products. The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and C18 : 1ω7. The DNA G+C content was 50.2 mol%. 16S rRNA and dsrAB gene sequence analysis indicated that strain BE2801T was a member of the family Desulfobacteraceae within the class Deltaproteobacteria . DNA–DNA hybridization with the most closely related taxon demonstrated 14.8 % relatedness. Based on phenotypic and phylogenetic evidence, strain BE2801T ( = DSM 25524T = JCM 18157T) is proposed to be a representative of a novel species of the genus Desulfatiferula , for which the name Desulfatiferula berrensis sp. nov. is suggested.
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Paenirhodobacter enshiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a non-photosynthetic bacterium isolated from soil, and emended descriptions of the genera Rhodobacter and Haematobacter
More LessA Gram-reaction-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, non-photosynthetic bacterial strain, DW2-9T, was isolated from soil. The highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities were found to Rhodobacter capsulatus ATCC 11166T (97.1 %), Rhodobacter viridis JA737T (96.4 %), Rhodobacter maris JA276T (96.2 %), Rhodobacter veldkampii ATCC 35703T (96.0 %), Haematobacter massiliensis CCUG 47968T (96.0 %), Haematobacter missouriensis CCUG 52307T (95.9 %) and Rhodobacter aestuarii JA296T (95.7 %). The genomic DNA G+C content was 67.2 mol% and the major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 10 (Q-10). The major cellular fatty acids (>5 %) were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and summed feature 3 (one or more of iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 1ω6c and C16 : 1ω7c). However, unlike species of the genus Rhodobacter , strain DW2-9T neither formed internal photosynthetic membranes nor produced photosynthetic pigments. DNA–DNA hybridization between strain DW2-9T and R. capsulatus JCM 21090T showed a relatedness of 33 %. Strain DW2-9T contained phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unknown aminophospholipid as major polar lipids, which differed from those of species of the genera Rhodobacter and Haematobacter . In addition to the differences in phylogenetic position and polar lipid types, strain DW2-9T could be distinguished from species of the genus Haematobacter by the cultivation conditions. On the basis of our polyphasic taxonomic analysis, strain DW2-9T is considered to represent a novel genus and species, for which the name Paenirhodobacter enshiensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Paenirhodobacter enshiensis is DW2-9T ( = CCTCC AB 2011145T = KCTC 15169T). Emended descriptions of the genera Rhodobacter and Haematobacter are also proposed.
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Pseudomonas kunmingensis sp. nov., an exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium isolated from a phosphate mine
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, exopolysaccharide-producing, strictly aerobic bacterium with a single polar flagellum, designated strain HL22-2T, was isolated from a phosphate mine situated in a suburb of Kunmming in Yunnan province in south-western China. The taxonomic status of this strain was evaluated by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain HL22-2T was related to members of the genus Pseudomonas . 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain HL22-2T and Pseudomonas xanthomarina KMM 1447T, Pseudomonas alcaliphila AL15-21T and Pseudomonas stutzeri ATCC 17588T were 98.9, 98.10 % and 98.06 %, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The DNA G+C content was 60.3 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and DNA–DNA relatedness values, strain HL22-2T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas , for which the name Pseudomonas kunmingensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HL22-2T ( = CGMCC 1.12273T = DSM 25974T).
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Novosphingobium arabidopsis sp. nov., a DDT-resistant bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of Arabidopsis thaliana
More LessAn aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, DDT-resistant bacterium, designated strain CC-ALB-2T, was isolated from the Arabidopsis thaliana rhizosphere. Strain CC-ALB-2T was able to grow at 25–37 °C, at pH 5.0–8.0, with 1.0 % (w/v) NaCl and tolerate up to 200 mg l−1 DDT. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain CC-ALB-2T showed highest sequence similarity to Novosphingobium stygium KCTC 2891T (97.1 %) and Novosphingobium soli DSM 22821T (96.8 %), and lower levels of similarity (<97.0 %) to other species of the genus Novosphingobium . The major fatty acid profile consisted of C14 : 0 2-OH (13.1 %), C16 : 0 (10.0 %), C15 : 0 iso 3-OH (5.8 %), C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c (summed feature 3, 24.7 %) and C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c (summed feature 8, 42.4 %). The polar lipid profile constitutes sphingoglycolipid, glycolipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. The polyamine pattern showed a predominance of spermidine as the major polyamine. The predominant quinone system was ubiquinone (Q-10). The DNA G+C content was 68.9±0.1 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic features, strain CC-ALB-2T is proposed to represent a novel species of the genus Novosphingobium for which the name Novosphingobium arabidopsis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-ALB-2T ( = BCRC 80571T = JCM 18896T).
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Photobacterium aestuarii sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from a tidal flat
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, motile, weakly halophilic and facultatively aerobic bacterium, designated strain YA11T, was isolated from tidal flat sediment at Yeongam Bay, South Korea. Strain YA11T grew at 10–30 °C (optimum, 20 °C), at pH 6.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 6.5–7.5) and in the presence of 1–6 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2–3 %). The major cellular fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 44.2 mol%. Strain YA11T contained Q-8 as the sole respiratory quinone. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YA11T formed a distinct phyletic lineage within the genus Photobacterium and the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between strain YA11T and the type strains of species of the genus Photobacterium ranged between 94.0 and 96.4 %. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and molecular properties, strain YA11T represents a novel species of the genus Photobacterium , for which the name Photobacterium aestuarii sp. nov. is proposed, with strain YA11T( = KACC 16912T = JCM 18592T) as the type strain.
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Altererythrobacter xiamenensis sp. nov., an algicidal bacterium isolated from red tide seawater
A Gram-stain-negative, yellow-pigmented, aerobic bacterial strain, designated LY02T, was isolated from red tide seawater in Xiamen, Fujian Province, China. Growth was observed at temperatures from 4 to 44 °C, at salinities from 0 to 9 % and at pH from 6 to 10. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the isolate was a member of the genus Altererythrobacter , which belongs to the family Erythrobacteraceae . Strain LY02T was related most closely to Altererythrobacter marensis MSW-14T (97.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), followed by Altererythrobacter ishigakiensis JPCCMB0017T (97.1 %), Altererythrobacter epoxidivorans JCS350T (97.1 %) and Altererythrobacter luteolus SW-109T (97.0 %). The dominant fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C17 : 1ω6c and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). DNA–DNA hybridization showed that strain LY02T possessed low DNA–DNA relatedness to A. marensis MSW-14T, A. ishigakiensis JPCCMB0017T, A. epoxidivorans JCS350T and A. luteolus SW-109T (mean±sd of 33.2±1.3, 32.1±1.0, 26.7±0.7 and 25.2±1.1 %, respectively). The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 61.2 mol%. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). According to its morphology, physiology, fatty acid composition and 16S rRNA gene sequence data, the novel strain most appropriately belongs to the genus Altererythrobacter , but can readily be distinguished from recognized species. The name Altererythrobacter xiamenensis sp. nov. is proposed (type strain LY02T = CGMCC 1.12494T = KCTC 32398T = NBRC 109638T).
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Luteimonas abyssi sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment
More LessThree Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, rod-shaped with single polar flagellum, yellow-pigmented bacteria, designated strains XH031T, XH038-3 and XH80-1, were isolated from deep-sea sediment of the South Pacific Gyre (41° 51′ S 153° 6′ W) during the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 329. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolates belonged to the genus Luteimonas and showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Luteimonas aestuarii B9T (96.95 %), Luteimonas huabeiensis HB2T (96.93 %) and Xanthomonas cucurbitae LMG 690T (96.92 %). The DNA G+C contents of the three isolates were 70.2–73.9 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C11 : 0 and C16 : 010-methyl and/or iso-C17 : 1ω9c. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and one unknown phospholipid. On the basis of data from polyphasic analysis, the three isolates represent a novel species of the genus Luteimonas , for which the name Luteimonas abyssi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XH031T ( = DSM 25880T = CGMCC 1.12611T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Flavobacterium tructae sp. nov. and Flavobacterium piscis sp. nov., isolated from farmed rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Four Gram-staining-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, pale-orange pigmented bacterial strains (435-08T, 47B-3-09, 412R-09T and 60B-3-09) were isolated from diseased rainbow trout. Analysis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested their adscription to the genus Flavobacterium . Strains formed two phylogenetic groups represented by strains 435-08T and 47B-3-09 (group A), and strains 412R-09T and 60B-3-09 (group B) displaying 16S rRNA sequence similarities greater than 99.8–99.9 % within their respective groups. Strain 435-08T exhibited the highest levels of similarity with Flavobacterium aquidurense WB-1.1.56T (98.6 % sequence similarity) and strain 412R-09T with Flavobacterium frigidimaris KUC-1T and Flavobacterium aquidurense WB-1.1.56T (98.9 % and 98.6 % sequence similarity, respectively). DNA–DNA hybridization studies showed low levels of relatedness between strain 435-08T and strain 412R-09T and between both strains and the most closely related species of the genus Flavobacterium . The genomic DNA G+C contents of strains 435-08T and 412R-09T were 36.2 and 34.3 mol%, respectively. The predominant respiratory quinone of both strains was MK-6 and the major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and C15 : 0. The two groups of strains could be distinguished from each other and from related species of the genus Flavobacterium by a number of phenotypic properties. Phylogenetic, genotypic and phenotypic evidence indicated that strains of groups A and B represent two novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the names Flavobacterium tructae sp. nov. (type strain 435-08T = CECT 7791T = CCUG 60100T) and Flavobacterium piscis sp. nov. (type strain 412R-09T = CECT 7911T = CCUG 60099T) are proposed.
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Nonlabens antarcticus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium isolated from glacier ice, and emended descriptions of Nonlabens marinus Park et al. 2012 and Nonlabens agnitus Yi and Chun 2012
More LessA Gram-negative, proteorhodopsin-containing, orange pigmented, rod-shaped and strictly aerobic bacterium, designated strain AKS622T, was isolated from a glacier core collected from the coast of King George Island, Antarctica. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain AKS622T was affiliated to the genus Nonlabens of the family Flavobacteriaceae and showed highest similarity to Nonlabens marinus S1-08T (97.9 %). The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain AKS622T and N. marinus S1-08T was 46 %. Optimal growth of strain AKS622T was observed at pH 7.0, at 15 °C and with 2.0 % NaCl. The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 3-OH, C17 : 0 2-OH and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The DNA G+C content was 37.9 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was MK-6. Phosphatidylethanolamine, four unidentified glycolipids, three unidentified aminolipids and one unidentified lipid were detected as major polar lipids. On the basis of the data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, it was concluded that strain AKS622T represents a novel species within the genus Nonlabens , for which the name Nonlabens antarcticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AKS622T ( = KCCM 43019T = JCM 14068T). Emended descriptions of N. marinus Park et al. 2012 and Nonlabens agnitus Yi and Chun 2012 are given.
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Flavobacterium spartansii sp. nov., a pathogen of fishes, and emended descriptions of Flavobacterium aquidurense and Flavobacterium araucananum
More LessTwo strains (T16T and S12) of a Gram-reaction-negative, rod-shaped, yellow-pigmented bacterium were recovered from kidneys of feral spawning adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and the gills of captive-reared Chinook salmon fingerlings suffering a mortality episode, respectively. Polyphasic characterization revealed that these strains possessed gliding motility, contained a flexirubin-type pigment, proteolysed multiple substrates (i.e. gelatin, casein and elastin), and had a mean DNA G+C content of 35.6 mol%. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene demonstrated that strains T16T and S12 were nearly identical to one another (>99 % similarity) and were placed within the genus Flavobacterium , with Flavobacterium aquidurense CCUG 59847T (98.3 %), Flavobaterium araucananum CCUG 61031T (98.2 %) and Flavobacterium frigidimaris (AB183888, 98.1 %) being their closest relatives. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses using neighbour-joining, maximum-parsimony and Bayesian methodologies demonstrated that strains T16T and S12 formed a well-supported clade within the genus Flavobacterium that was distinct from other Flavobacterium species. The major fatty acid constituents of strains T16T and S12 were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH according to fatty acid methyl ester analysis. The mean level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain T16T and F. aquidurense CCUG 59847T and F. araucananum CCUG 61031T was 23 and 29 %, respectively. Thus, the data accumulated in this study support the suggestion that strains T16T and S12 represent a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium spartansii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T16T ( = LMG 27337T = ATCC BAA-2541T). Emended descriptions of F. aquidurense and F. araucananum are also proposed.
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Mucilaginibacter soyangensis sp. nov., isolated from a lake
More LessA non-motile, yellow–orange-pigmented bacterial strain, designated HME6664T, was isolated from Lake Soyang, Republic of Korea. The major fatty acids of strain HME6664T were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c; 44.7 %) and iso-C15 : 0 (20.2 %). The DNA G+C content was 40.8 mol%. A phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HME6664T formed a lineage within the genus Mucilaginibacter . Strain HME6664T was closely related to Mucilaginibacter ximonensis (96.7 %), Mucilaginibacter dorajii (96.5 %) and Mucilaginibacter lappiensis (96.3 %). On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, strain HME6664T represents a novel species of the genus Mucilaginibacter , for which the name Mucilaginibacter soyangensis sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain is HME6664T ( = KCTC 23261T = CECT 7824T).
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Chitinophaga taiwanensis sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of Arabidopsis thaliana
More LessAn aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium (strain CC-ALB-1T) was isolated from the rhizosphere of Arabidopsis thaliana. Strain CC-ALB-1T was able to grow at 20–30 °C, pH 5.0–8.0 and with up to 1.0 % (w/v) NaCl. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain CC-ALB-1T had the highest sequence similarity to Chitinophaga ginsengisegetis Gsoil 040T (96.9 %) and Chitinophaga niastensis JS16-4T (96.7 %); lower levels of similarity (<97.0 %) were observed to strains of all other species of the genus Chitinophaga . The fatty acid profile consisted of iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH, C15 : 1ω5c, C16 : 1ω5c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and five unidentified lipids. The predominant quinone system was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The DNA G+C content was 53.4±0.4 mol%. Based on its phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic features, strain CC-ALB-1T is proposed to represent a novel species within the genus Chitinophaga , for which the name Chitinophaga taiwanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-ALB-1T ( = BCRC 80570T = JCM 18895T).
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