- Volume 65, Issue Pt_9, 2015
Volume 65, Issue Pt_9, 2015
- Validation List no. 165
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List of new names and new combinations previously effectively, but not validly, published
More LessThe purpose of this announcement is to effect the valid publication of the following effectively published new names and new combinations under the procedure described in the Bacteriological Code (1990 Revision). Authors and other individuals wishing to have new names and/or combinations included in future lists should send three copies of the pertinent reprint or photocopies thereof, or an electronic copy of the published paper to the IJSEM Editorial Office for confirmation that all of the other requirements for valid publication have been met. It is also a requirement of IJSEM and the ICSP that authors of new species, new subspecies and new combinations provide evidence that types are deposited in two recognized culture collections in two different countries. Note that the date of valid publication of these new names and combinations is the date of publication of this list, not the date of the original publication of the names and combinations. The authors of the new names and combinations are as given below. Inclusion of a name on these lists validates the publication of the name and thereby makes it available in the nomenclature of prokaryotes. The inclusion of a name on this list is not to be construed as taxonomic acceptance of the taxon to which the name is applied. Indeed, some of these names may, in time, be shown to be synonyms, or the organisms may be transferred to another genus, thus necessitating the creation of a new combination.
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- Notification List
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Notification that new names of prokaryotes, new combinations and new taxonomic opinions have appeared in volume 65, part 6, of the IJSEM
More LessThis listing of names of prokaryotes published in a previous issue of the IJSEM is provided as a service to bacteriology to assist in the recognition of new names and new combinations. This procedure was proposed by the Judicial Commission [Minute 11(ii), Int J Syst Bacteriol 41 (1991), p. 185]. The names given herein are listed according to the Rules of priority (i.e. page number and order of valid publication of names in the original articles).
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- NEW TAXA
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- Archaea
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Halovenus salina sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a saltern
More LessAn extremely halophilic archaeon was isolated from a water sample of Isla Bacuta saltern in Huelva, Spain. Strain ASP54T is a novel red-pigmented, motile, rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative and strictly aerobic haloarchaeon. Strain ASP54T grew in media containing 15–30 % (w/v) salts and optimally with 25 % (w/v) salts. It grew between pH 5.0 and 9.0 (optimally at pH 7.5) and at 20–40 °C (optimally at 37 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) and the comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain ASP54T is most closely related to the genus Halovenus. The closest relatives were Halovenus aranensis EB27T (92.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Halorientalis regularis TNN28T (92.1 %), and Halorientalis persicus D108T (92.0 %). The polar lipid pattern of strain ASP54T consisted of biphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate, sulfated mannosyl glucosyl diether and a minor-phospholipid. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-8 (MK-8) (83 %), and a minor amount of MK-8(VIII-H2) (17 %) was also detected. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of this strain was 63.1 mol%. Based on the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data presented in this study, strain ASP54T represents a novel species of the genus Halovenus, for which the name Halovenus salina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ASP54T ( = CECT 8749T = IBRC-M 10946T = JCM 30072T).
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- Actinobacteria
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Thermoactinomyces guangxiensis sp. nov., a thermophilic actinomycete isolated from mushroom compost
Hao Wu, Bin Liu and Shangli PanA novel thermophilic actinomycete, designated strain CD-1T, was isolated from mushroom compost in Nanning, Guangxi province, China. The strain grew at 37–55 °C (optimum 45–50 °C), pH 6.0–11.0 (optimum pH 7.0–9.0) and with 0–2.0 % NaCl (optimum 0–1.0 %), formed well-developed white aerial mycelium and pale-yellow vegetative mycelium, and single endospores (0.8–1.0 μm diameter) were borne on long sporophores (2–3 μm length). The endospores were spherical-polyhedron in shape with smooth surface. Based on its phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain CD-1T is affiliated to the genus Thermoactinomyces. It contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid; the whole-cell sugars were ribose and glucose. Major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. MK-7 was the predominant menaquinone. The polar phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine containing hydroxylated fatty acids, ninhydrin-positive glycophospholipid, an unknown phospholipid and glycolipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 48.8 %. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the organism was closely related to Lihuaxuella thermophila YIM 77831T (95.69 % sequence similarity), Thermoactinomyces daqus H-18T (95.49 %), Laceyella putida KCTC 3666T (95.05 %), Thermoactinomyces vulgaris KCTC 9076T (95.01 %) and Thermoactinomyces intermedius JCM 3312T (94.55 %). Levels of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain CD-1T and Lihuaxuella thermophila JCM 18059T, Thermoactinomyces daqus DSM 45914T, Laceyella putida JCM 8091T, Thermoactinomyces vulgaris JCM 3162T and Thermoactinomyces intermedius JCM 3312T were low (22.8, 33.3, 24.7, 29.4 and 30.0 %, respectively). A battery of phenotypic, genotypic and DNA–DNA relatedness data indicated that strain CD-1T represented a novel species of the genus Thermoactinomyces, for which the name Thermoactinomyces guangxiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CD-1T ( = ATCC BAA-2630T = CGMCC 4.7156T).
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Kocuria dechangensis sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from saline and alkaline soils
A Gram-stain positive, strictly aerobic, non-motile and coccus-shaped actinobacterium, designated strain NEAU-ST5-33T, was isolated from saline and alkaline soils in Dechang Township, Zhaodong City, PR China. It formed beige-yellow colonies and grew at NaCl concentrations of 0–5 % (w/v) (optimum 0 %), at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0) and over a temperature range of 4–50 °C (optimum 35 °C). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain NEAU-ST5-33T was phylogenetically closely related to the type strains of species of the genus Kocuria, Kocuria polaris CMS 76orT, Kocuria rosea DSM 20447T, Kocuria turfanensis HO-9042T, Kocuria aegyptia YIM 70003T, Kocuria himachalensis K07-05T and Kocuria flava HO-9041T, with respective sequence similarities of 98.8 %, 98.8 %, 98.3 %, 98.1 %, 98.1 % and 97.9 %. DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness values of strain NEAU-ST5-33T with type strains of the closely related species ranged from 54 ± 1 % to 34 ± 1 %. The DNA G+C content was 61.2 mol%. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were C15 : 0 anteiso, C15 : 0 iso and C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c. The major menaquinone detected was MK-8 (H2), and the polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, one unknown aminolipid and one unknown lipid. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, we propose that strain NEAU-ST5-33T represents a novel species of the genus Kocuria, with the name Kocuria dechangensis sp. nov. The type strain is NEAU-ST5-33T ( = CGMCC 1.12187T = DSM 25872T).
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Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp. nov., isolated from pebbles, reclassification of the only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, Tamlicoccus marinus Lee 2013, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb. nov. and emended description of the genus Barrientosiimonas
More LessStrain JC268T was isolated from pebbles collected from a dam located in Lalitpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. Cells of strain JC268T were coccoid, appeared in pairs/triads/tetrads or short chains and were Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile and obligately aerobic. Strain JC268T was catalase- and oxidase-positive and utilized citrate for growth. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain JC268T was 65.3 mol%. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained l-lysine–l-serine–d-aspartic acid as interpeptide bridge with the type A4α. The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4). Major (>10 %) fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C16 : 1H and anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphoglycolipid, phosphatidylinositol, glycolipid, four unidentified lipids, an amino lipid and phospholipid were the polar lipids of strain JC268T. EzTaxon-e blast search of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JC268T has highest similarity to Barrientosiimonas humi 39T (98.65 %) and Tamlicoccus marinus MSW-24T (97.8 %) of the family Dermacoccaceae. Genome reassociation (based on DNA–DNA hybridization) of strain JC268T with Barrientosiimonas humi CGMCC 4.6864T ( = 39T) and T. marinus KCTC 19485T ( = MSW-24T) yielded values of 32.5 ± 2 % and 27.3 ± 2 %, respectively. Based on the data from phylogenetic and polyphasic taxonomic analyses, strain JC268T represents a novel species of the genus Barrientosiimonas for which the name Barrientosiimonas endolithica sp. nov., is proposed. The type strain of Barrientosiimonas endolithica is JC268T ( = KCTC 29672T = NBRC 110608T). Our data suggest that T. marinus should be reclassified within the genus Barrientosiimonas. Thus, a reclassification is proposed for T. marinus, the type and only species of the genus Tamlicoccus, as Barrientosiimonas marina comb. nov., which implies the emendation of the description of the genus Barrientosiimonas.
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Prauserella soli sp. nov., isolated from crude oil-contaminated soil
More LessA novel actinomycete strain, designated 12-833T, was isolated from a crude oil-contaminated site north of Kuwait. The isolated strain showed the ability to degrade crude oil and various hydrocarbons. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 12-833T belonged to the genus Prauserella and was closely related to Prauserella muralis 05-Be-005T (98.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Prauserella marina MS498T (96.9 %) and Prauserella rugosa DSM 43194T (96.7 %). The DNA G+C content of strain 12-833T was 71.1 mol%. Phenotypic, physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain 12-833T represents a novel species of the genus Prauserella, for which the name Prauserella soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 12-833T ( = DSM 45819T = LMG 28346T).
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Streptomyces mangrovi sp. nov., an actinomycete from mangrove soil
A novel aerobic actinomycete, designated HA11110T, was isolated from a mangrove soil sample collected in Haikou, China. It formed white aerial mycelium and pale yellow substrate mycelium on Gause's synthetic agar no. 1. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that cells of HA11110T produced straight to spiral spore chains with spiny spores. Chemotaxonomic tests showed that the cell wall contained ll-diaminopimelic acid and the major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C14 : 0.16S rRNA gene sequence similarity showed that strain HA11110T belonged to the genus Streptomyces, most closely related to Streptomyces fenghuangensis GIMN4.003T (99.1 %), Streptomyces nanhaiensis SCSIO 01248T (98.8 %) and Streptomyces radiopugnans R97T (98.8 %). However, DNA–DNA hybridization studies of strain HA11110T with these three closest relatives showed relatedness values of 58.4, 49.7 and 47.2 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic data, strain HA11110T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces mangrovi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HA11110T ( = CGMCC 4.7117T = DSM 42113T).
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Streptomyces tyrosinilyticus sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from river sediment
A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-Jh3-20T, was isolated from river sediment collected from South river in Jilin Province, north China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, indicated that strain NEAU-Jh3-20T should be assigned to the genus Streptomyces and forms a distinct branch with its closest neighbour Streptomyces vitaminophilus DSM 41686T(97.09 %). Moreover, key morphological and chemotaxonomic properties also confirmed the affiliation of strain NEAU-Jh3-20T to the genus Streptomyces. The cell wall contained ll-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were glucose and ribose. The phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and an unidentified phospholipid. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 72.2 mol%. A combination of DNA–DNA hybridization results and some phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain NEAU-Jh3-20T could be distinguished from its closest phylogenetic relative. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-Jh3-20T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomyces tyrosinilyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-Jh3-20T ( = CGMCC 4.7201T = DSM 42170T).
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Streptomyces rubrisoli sp. nov., neutrotolerant acidophilic actinomycetes isolated from red soil
More LessThree neutrotolerant, acidophilic actinomycete strains, designated FXJ1.526, FXJ1.725T and FXJ1.726, were isolated from red soil collected from Liujiazhan, Jiangxi Province, China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the three strains clustered together and their closest relative was Streptomyces ferralitis CGMCC 4.1985T (98.9–99.0 % similarity). Multilocus sequence analysis confirmed their relationship to S. ferralitis and separated these strains as representing a novel species. Mean DNA–DNA hybridization values among strains FXJ1.526, FXJ1.725T and FXJ1.726 were 81.6 ± 3.5–87.2 ± 3.8 %, and the values between the three strains and S. ferralitis CGMCC 4.1985T were well below 70 %. The three strains also shared several phenotypic characteristics that were distinct from the closely related species. They grew at 21–50 °C, at pH 4.0–9.0 (with an optimal pH of 5.0) and with 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl, and the major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. On the basis of data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, it is proposed that strains FXJ1.526, FXJ1.725T and FXJ1.726 be classified as representatives of a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, with the name Streptomyces rubrisoli sp. nov. The type strain is FXJ1.725T ( = CGMCC 4.7025T = DSM 42083T).
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Zhihengliuella somnathii sp. nov., a halotolerant actinobacterium from the rhizosphere of a halophyte Salicornia brachiata
More LessTwo novel, Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, halotolerent bacteria, strains JG 03T and JG 05 were isolated from the rhizosphere of Salicornia brachiata, an extreme halophyte. Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that they were closely related to members of the genus Zhihengliuella, with sequence similarities of 96.9–99.1 %. The sequence similarity of strains JG 03T and JG 05 with each other was 99.4 %. DNA–DNA hybridization of JG 03T and JG 05 with other species of the genus Zhihengliuella with validly published names showed reassociation values of 19.8 %–53.4 % and a value of 91.4 % between each other. The peptidoglycan type of both strains was A4α and MK-9 and MK-10 were the predominant menaquinones. The predominant fatty acid in JG 03T was anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. However, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were the major fatty acids in strain JG 05. The DNA G+C content of strains JG 03T and JG 05 was 70.0 and 70.1 mol%, respectively. In nutrient broth medium both strains grew at NaCl concentrations of up to 15 % (w/v). On the basis of chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses, strains JG 03T and JG 05 should be affiliated to the genus Zhihengliuella. Strains JG 03T and JG 05 represent a novel species of the genus Zhihengliuella for which the name Zhihengliuella somnathii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JG 03T ( = DSM 23187T = IMCC 253T).
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Kribbella mirabilis sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of a herbaceous plant, Mirabilis jalapa L.
More LessStrain XMU 706T, isolated from the rhizosphere soil of a herbaceous plant, Mirabilis jalapa L., collected from Xiamen City, China, was characterized using a polyphasic approach to clarify its taxonomic position. Strain XMU 706T shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Kribbella antibiotica YIM 31530T (97.2 %), and formed a distinct branch in the subclade of the genus Kribbella in the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic tree. The genetic distances of gyrase subunit B gene (gyrB) sequence between strain XMU 706T and other species of the genus Kribbella ranged from 0.045 to 0.116, greater than the threshold value of 0.014 for species delineation of this genus. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments gave a DNA–DNA relatedness value of 34.82 ± 6.31 % between strain XMU 706T and K. antibiotica YIM 31530T. The chemotaxonomic properties further supported the assignment of strain XMU 706T to the genus Kribbella. ll-Diaminopimelic acid was the diagnostic amino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan and cell hydrolysates contained ribose and glucose. The major menaquinone was MK-9(H4). The polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and other unidentified phospholipids and lipids. The major fatty acids of the strain were anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0, and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 67.3 mol%. Based on the results of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic and genotypic characterization, strain XMU 706T represents a novel species of the genus Kribbella, for which the name Kribbella mirabilis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XMU 706T ( = KCTC 29676T = MCCC 1K00429T).
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Nocardia halotolerans sp. nov., a halotolerant actinomycete isolated from saline soil
A novel halotolerant actinomycete, strain Chem15T, was isolated from soil around Inche-Broun hypersaline wetland; its taxonomic position was determined based on a polyphasic approach. Strain Chem15T was strictly aerobic and tolerated NaCl up to 12.5 %. The optimum temperature and pH for growth were 28–30 °C and pH 7.0–7.5, respectively. The cell wall of strain Chem15T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as diamino acid and galactose, arabinose and ribose as whole-cell sugars. The major phospholipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. The cellular fatty acids profile consisted of C16 : 0, iso-C18 : 0, C18 : 0 10-methyl and C18 : 1ω9c, and the major respiratory quinone was MK-8(H4cycl). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 68.0 mol%. The novel strain constituted a distinct phyletic line within the genus Nocardia, based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and was closely associated with Nocardia sungurluensis DSM 45714T and Nocardia alba DSM 44684T (98.2 and 98.1 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, respectively). However DNA–DNA relatedness and phenotypic data demonstrated that strain Chem15T was clearly different from closely related species of the genus Nocardia. It is concluded that the organism should be classified as a representative of a novel species of the genus Nocardia, for which the name Nocardia halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Chem15T ( = IBRC-M 10490T = LMG 28544T).
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Streptomonospora halotolerans sp. nov., an actinomycete isolated from soil
A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-Jh2-17T, was isolated from muddy soil collected from a riverbank in Jilin Province, northern China, and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain NEAU-Jh2-17T showed highest similarity to those of Streptomonospora nanhaiensis 12A09T (99.26 %), Nocardiopsis rosea YIM 90094T (97.31 %), Streptomonospora halophila YIM 91355T (97.24 %) and Streptomonospora arabica S186T (97.02 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences demonstrated that strain NEAU-Jh2-17T fell within a cluster consisting of the type strains of species of the genus Streptomonospora and formed a stable clade with S. nanhaiensis 12A09T in trees generated with two algorithms. Key morphological and chemotaxonomic properties also confirmed the affiliation of strain NEAU-Jh2-17T to the genus Streptomonospora. The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and whole-cell hydrolysates contained glucose, ribose and galactose. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylinositol mannoside (PIM), two unknown phospholipids (PLs) and two unknown glycolipids (GLs). The predominant menaquinones were MK-10(H2), MK-10(H8), MK-10(H6) and MK-10(H4). Major fatty acids were C18 : 0 10-methyl, anteiso-C17 : 0, C16 : 0 10-methyl, iso-C15 : 0, C17 : 0 10-methyl and C18 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 71.82 mol%. However, a combination of DNA–DNA hybridization results and some phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain NEAU-Jh2-17T could be distinguished from its closely related relatives. Therefore, strain NEAU-Jh2-17T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Streptomonospora, for which the name Streptomonospora halotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-Jh2-17T ( = CGMCC 4.7218T = JCM 30347T).
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Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from paddy soil
A bacterial strain, PSGM2-16T, was isolated from a pot of paddy soil grown with rice in Suwon region, Republic of Korea, and was characterized as having aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, short-rod-shaped cells with one polar flagellum. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain PSGM2-16T revealed the highest sequence similarities with Knoellia locipacati DMZ1T (97.4 %), Fodinibacter luteus YIM C003T (97.2 %) and Lapillicoccus jejuensis R-Ac013T (97.0 %), and the phylogenetic tree showed that strain PSGM2-16T formed a subgroup with Ornithinibacter aureus HB09001T and F. luteus YIM C003T within the family Intrasporangiaceae. The major fatty acids (>10 % of the total fatty acids) of strain PSGM2-16T were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and iso-C14 : 0. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The polar lipids present were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, three aminophospholipids and two phospholipids. The peptidoglycan was type A4γ with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain PSGM2-16T and closely related taxa were much less than 70 %. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain PSGM2-16T was 70.0 mol%. On the basis of the evidence presented, it is concluded that strain PSGM2-16T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Intrasporangiaceae, for which the name Oryzobacter terrae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is PSGM2-16T ( = KACC 17299T = DSM 27137T = NBRC 109598T).
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Microbacterium rhizomatis sp. nov., a β-glucosidase-producing bacterium isolated from rhizome of Korean mountain ginseng
A novel Gram-staining-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, designated DCY100T, was isolated from rhizome of mountain ginseng root in Hwacheon mountain, Gangwon province, Republic of Korea. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain DCY100T belonged to the genus Microbacterium and was most closely related to Microbacterium ginsengisoli KCTC 19189T (97.9 %), Microbacterium lacus JCM 15575T (97.2 %) and Microbacterium invictum DSM 19600T (97.1 %). The major menaquinones were MK-11 and MK-12. The major polar lipids were found to be diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified glycolipid. The major fatty acids (>10.0 %) were anteiso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained the amino acids ornithine, alanine, glutamic acid and glycine; whole-cell sugars consisted of glucose, galactose, rhamnose and ribose. The DNA G+C content was 63.6 ± 0.7 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization relatedness values between strain DCY100T and Microbacterium ginsengisoli KCTC 19189T, Microbacterium lacus JCM 15575T and Microbacterium invictum DSM 19600T were 36.2 ± 0.4, 22.0 ± 3.0 and 15.3 ± 1.8 %, respectively. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic analyses, the isolate is classified as a representative of a novel species in the genus Microbacterium, for which the name Microbacterium rhizomatis DCY100T is proposed. The type strain is DCY100T ( = KCTC 39529T = JCM 30598T).
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- Firmicutes and related organisms
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Oceanisphaera psychrotolerans sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment samples
A novel aerobic, Gram-staining-negative bacterium, designated strain LAM-WHM-ZCT, was isolated from coastal sediment samples from the Bohai Sea, near Yantai, China. Cells of LAM-WHM-ZCT were non-motile, short-rod- or coccoid-shaped. The temperature and pH ranges for growth were 4–40 °C (optimum: 20–33 °C) and pH 5–9 (optimum: pH 7.5). The strain did not require NaCl for growth but tolerated up to 10 % NaCl (w/v). The major fatty acids of strain LAM-WHM-ZCT were summed feature 3, C12 : 0, C16 : 0, summed feature 2 and summed feature 8. The predominant respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. The main polar lipids were diphosphatidyglycerol, phosphatigylethanolamine, phosphatidyglycerol, one phospholipid and four unidentified glycolipids. The DNA G+C content was 59.3 mol% as determined by the melting temperature (T m) method. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the isolate represented a member of the genus Oceanisphaera and was closely related to Oceanisphaera arctica KCTC 23013T, Oceanisphaera litoralis DSM 15406T, Oceanisphaera sediminis KACC 15117T and Oceanisphaera donghaensis KCTC 12522T with 97.7 %, 97.1 %, 96.6 % and 96.6 % sequence similarity, respectively. The DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain LAM-WHM-ZCT and the four reference strains were 47.4 ± 2.8 %, 33.5 ± 2.2 %, 28.4 ± 1.8 % and 13.7 ± 0.8 %, respectively. Based on its phenotypic and genotypic properties, strain LAM-WHM-ZCT is suggested to represent a novel species of the genus Oceanisphaera, for which the name Oceanisphaera psychrotolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LAM-WHM-ZCT ( = ACCC 06516T = JCM 30466T).
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Brassicibacter thermophilus sp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium isolated from coastal sediment
More LessA novel thermophilic, obligately anaerobic bacterium, strain Cel2fT, was isolated from a cellulolytic community enriched from coastal marine sediment. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. Optimal growth temperature and pH of strain Cel2fT were 55 °C and pH 7.0, respectively. NaCl was essential for the growth of strain Cel2fT and the strain showed enhanced growth in the presence of sea salt; the optimum sea salt concentration for growth was 7 % (w/v). Thiosulfate, sulfate and sulfite were potential electron acceptors. The major fatty acids of strain Cel2fT were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, and C18 : 0. Polar lipid analysis indicated the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. Strain Cel2fT contained menaquinone MK-7 as the isoprenoid quinone, and the DNA G+C content was 31.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nearest relative of strain Cel2fT was Brassicibacter mesophilus BMT with 93.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain Cel2fT represents a novel species of genus Brassicibacter, for which the name Brassicibacter thermophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Cel2fT ( = JCM 30480T = CGMCC 1.5200T).
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Streptococcus pharyngis sp. nov., a novel streptococcal species isolated from the respiratory tract of wild rabbits
More LessFour isolates of an unknown Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative coccus-shaped organism, isolated from the pharynx of four wild rabbits, were characterized by phenotypic and molecular genetic methods. The micro-organisms were tentatively assigned to the genus Streptococcus based on cellular morphological and biochemical criteria, although the organisms did not appear to correspond to any species with a validly published name. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed their identification as members of the genus Streptococcus, being most closely related phylogenetically to Streptococcus porcorum 682-03T (96.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Analysis of rpoB and sodA gene sequences showed divergence values between the novel species and S. porcorum 682-03T (the closest phylogenetic relative determined from 16S rRNA gene sequences) of 18.1 and 23.9 %, respectively. The novel bacterial isolate could be distinguished from the type strain of S. porcorum by several biochemical characteristics, such as the production of glycyl-tryptophan arylamidase and α-chymotrypsin, and the non-acidification of different sugars. Based on both phenotypic and phylogenetic findings, it is proposed that the unknown bacterium be assigned to a novel species of the genus Streptococcus, and named Streptococcus pharyngis sp. nov. The type strain is DICM10-00796BT ( = CECT 8754T = CCUG 66496T).
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Paenibacillus xanthinilyticus sp. nov., isolated from agricultural soil
More LessA bacterial strain designated 11N27T was isolated from an agricultural soil sample. Cells of this strain were Gram-reaction-variable, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming, white-pigmented, peritrichously flagellated and hydrolysed xanthine. The major fatty acids of strain 11N27T were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile contained phosphatidylethanolamine, two unknown phospholipids, two unknown aminolipids, one unknown aminophospholipid and two unknown polar lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain 11N27T was 50.3 mol%. MK-7 was the predominant respiratory quinone. meso-Diaminopimelic acid was the diagnostic diamino acid in the peptidoglycan. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain 11N27T was phylogenetically related to Paenibacillus mendelii C/2T (96.2 % sequence similarity) and Paenibacillus sepulcri CMM 7311T (96.0 %). The genotypic and phenotypic data showed that strain 11N27T could be distinguished from phylogenetically related species and that this strain represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus. The name Paenibacillus xanthinilyticus sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain 11N27T( = KACC 17935T = NBRC 109108T).
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Oceanobacillus arenosus sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from marine sand
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming, rod-shaped, motile, strictly aerobic bacterium, designated CAU 1183T, was isolated from marine sand and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. The bacterium grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 8.5 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CAU 1183T formed a distinct lineage within the genus Oceanobacillus and exhibited the highest similarity to Oceanobacillus chungangensis CAU 1051T (97.6 %). The strain contained MK-7 as the predominant isoprenoid quinone and anteiso-C15 : 0 was the major cellular fatty acid. The cell-wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid. The polar lipid pattern of strain CAU 1183T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and unidentified lipids, including two phospholipids, two glycolipids, a phosphoglycolipid and two lipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 37.5 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain CAU 1183T should be assigned to a novel species in the genus Oceanobacillus, for which the name Oceanobacillus arenosus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAU 1183T ( = KCTC 33037T = CECT 8560T).
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Psychrobacillus soli sp. nov., capable of degrading oil, isolated from oil-contaminated soil
More LessA novel, aerobic, psychrotolerant, Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming strain, NHI-2T, was isolated from oil-contaminated soil near a gas station in Mongolia. This strain was characterized by motile rods and grew over a wide range of temperatures ( − 2 to 40 °C) with optimal growth at 28–30 °C. It tolerated salt concentrations of up to 7 % over a five-day incubation period. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain NHI-2T belongs to the genus Psychrobacillus. Sequence similarity between NHI-2T and members of the genus Psychrobacillus with validly published names ranged from 97.83 to 98.18 %. DNA–DNA hybridization indicated less than 70 % relatedness to reference strains within the genus. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 36 mol%. This strain contained MK-8 as a predominant isoprenoid menaquinone. NHI-2T had ornithine in the cell wall similar to reference strains of the genus Psychrobacillus. The major fatty acids present in NHI-2T were anteiso-C15 : 0 (51.0 %), iso-C15 : 0 (9.1 %) and anteiso-C17 : 0 (8.0 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. These data highlight that the phenotype of strain NHI-2T differs from that of related species in terms of chemotaxonomic properties and genotype characteristics. Therefore, this strain is proposed as a representative of a novel species, named Psychrobacillus soli. The type strain is NHI-2T ( = KEMB 9005-135T = KACC 18243T = NBRC 110600T).
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Paenibacillus rhizoryzae sp. nov., isolated from rice rhizosphere
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated 1ZS3-5T, was isolated from rice rhizosphere in Hunan Province, PR China. The isolate was identified as a member of the genus Paenibacillus on the basis of phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic inference analysis. The 16S rRNA and rpoB gene (β-subunit of bacterial RNA polymerase) sequences were closely related to those of Paenibacillus taihuensis CGMCC 1.10966T with similarities of 97.2 % and 89.7 %, respectively. The DNA–DNA hybridization value between 1ZS3-5T and P. taihuensis CGMCC 1.10966T was 33.4 %. The DNA G+C content of 1ZS3-5T was 47.5 mol%. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified aminophospholipid and unknown phospholipid. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-7. The diamino acid found in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. Based on these results, 1ZS3-5T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus, for which the name Paenibacillus rhizoryzae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 1ZS3-5T ( = ACCC 19782T = DSM 29322T).
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Crassaminicella profunda gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic marine bacterium isolated from deep-sea sediments
A novel, anaerobic, chemo-organotrophic bacterium, designated strain Ra1766HT, was isolated from sediments of the Guaymas basin (Gulf of California, Mexico) taken from a depth of 2002 m. Cells were thin, motile, Gram-stain-positive, flexible rods forming terminal endospores. Strain Ra1766HT grew at temperatures of 25–45 °C (optimum 30 °C), pH 6.7–8.1 (optimum 7.5) and in a salinity of 5–60 g l− 1 NaCl (optimum 30 g l− 1). It was an obligate heterotrophic bacterium fermenting carbohydrates (glucose and mannose) and organic acids (pyruvate and succinate). Casamino acids and amino acids (glutamate, aspartate and glycine) were also fermented. The main end products from glucose fermentation were acetate, butyrate, ethanol, H2 and CO2. Sulfate, sulfite, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, fumarate, nitrate, nitrite and Fe(III) were not used as terminal electron acceptors. The predominant cellular fatty acids were C14 : 0, C16 : 1ω7, C16 : 1ω7 DMA and C16 : 0. The main polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phospholipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 33.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain Ra1766HT was affiliated to cluster XI of the order Clostridiales, phylum Firmicutes. The closest phylogenetic relative of Ra1766HT was Geosporobacter subterraneus (94.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). On the basis of phylogenetic inference and phenotypic properties, strain Ra1766HT ( = DSM 27501T = JCM 19377T) is proposed to be the type strain of a novel species of a novel genus, named Crassaminicella profunda.
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Cohnella collisoli sp. nov., isolated from lava forest soil
A novel bacterial strain, NKM-5T, was isolated from soil of a lava forest in Nokkome Oreum, Jeju, Republic of Korea. Cells of strain NKM-5T were Gram-stain-positive, motile, endospore-forming, rod-shaped and oxidase- and catalase-positive. Strain NKM-5T contained anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids; menaquinone-7 (MK-7) as the predominant isoprenoid quinone; diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified aminophospholipids as the polar lipids; and meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. The DNA G+C content was 48.3 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis, based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, showed that strain NKM-5T was most closely related to Cohnella lupini RLAHU4BT (96.9 % sequence similarity) and fell into a clade in the genus Cohnella. On the basis of phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain NKM-5T represents a novel species of the genus Cohnella, for which the name Cohnella collisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NKM-5T ( = KCTC 33634T = CECT 8805T).
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- Proteobacteria
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Shimia sagamensis sp. nov., a marine bacterium isolated from cold-seep sediment
More LessA novel marine bacterial strain designated JAMH 011T was isolated from the cold-seep sediment in Sagami Bay, Japan. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, aerobic chemo-organotrophs and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred at temperatures below 31 °C, with the optimum at 25 °C. The major respiratory quinone was Q-10. The predominant fatty acid was C18 : 1ω7c. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolated strain was closely affiliated with members of the genus Shimia in the class Alphaproteobacteria, and the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of the novel isolate with the type strain of the closest related species, Shimia haliotis WM35T, was 98.1 %. The DNA G+C content of the novel strain was 57.3 mol%. The hybridization values for DNA–DNA relatedness between strain JAMH 011T and reference strains belonging to the genus Shimia were less than 9.4 ± 0.7 %. Based on differences in taxonomic characteristics, the isolated strain represents a novel species of the genus Shimia, for which the name Shimia sagamensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JAMH 011T ( = JCM 30583T = DSM 29734T)
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Halovulum dunhuangense gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a saline terrestrial spring
More LessA bacterial strain, YYQ-30T, isolated from a mixed water–sand–sediment sample collected from a terrestrial spring located in Dunhuang, China, was characterized with respect to its morphology, physiology and taxonomy. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, oxidase- and catalase-positive, non-flagellated, oval to rod-shaped (0.5–1.0 μm wide and 1.1–6.6 μm long) and divided by binary fission. Growth was observed in the presence of 0–10.0 % (w/v) NaCl with optimal growth at 0–3.0 %, at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0–8.5) and at 10–45 °C (optimum 30–37 °C). The isolate could reduce nitrate to nitrite and hydrolyse aesculin and gelatin (weakly), but was unable to degrade Tween 80 or starch. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain YYQ-30T belongs to the family Rhodobacteraceae and forms a distinct lineage with the type strain of Albimonas donghaensis and forms a branch within a cluster constituted by the type strains of species of the genera Albimonas, Rhodovulum, Albidovulum, Haematobacter and Tropicimonas; levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain YYQ-30T and members of related genera ranged from 94.1 to 89.7 %. Strain YYQ-30T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c; 70.0 %), C18 : 0 (9.5 %), summed feature 2 (one or more of C14 : 0 3-OH, iso-C16 : 1 I and C12 : 0 aldehyde; 6.9 %) and 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c (6.0 %) as the principal fatty acids. The polar lipids comprised diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, three unidentified phospholipids, two unidentified aminolipids and five unknown lipids. The pufLM gene was detected. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 71.7 mol%. Based on the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data obtained in this study, strain YYQ-30T is considered to represent a novel species in a new genus within the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Halovulum dunhuangense gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Halovulum dunhuangense is YYQ-30T ( = LMG 27418T = MCCC 1A06483T).
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Sphingomonas morindae sp. nov., isolated from Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) branch
Two yellow bacterial strains, designated NBD5T and NBD8, isolated from Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) branch were investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, non-motile and short rod-shaped. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested that the strains were members of a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, the seven closest neighbours being Sphingomonas oligoaromativorans SY-6T (96.9 % similarity), Sphingomonas polyaromaticivorans B2-7T (95.8 %), Sphingomonas yantingensis 1007T (94.9 %), Sphingomonas sanguinis IFO 13937T (94.7 %), Sphingomonas ginsenosidimutans Gsoil 1429T (94.6 %), Sphingomonas wittichii RW1T (94.6 %) and Sphingomonas formosensis CC-Nfb-2T (94.5 %). Strains NBD5T and NBD8 had sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine as the major polar lipids, ubiquinone 10 as the predominant respiratory quinone, and sym-homospermidine as the major polyamine. Strains NBD5T and NBD8 were clearly distinguished from reference type strains based on phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization, fatty acid composition data analysis, and comparison of a range of physiological and biochemical characteristics. It is evident from the genotypic and phenotypic data that strains NBD5T and NBD8 represent a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas morindae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NBD5T ( = DSM 29151T = KCTC 42183T = CICC 10879T).
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Sphingomonas lacus sp. nov., an astaxanthin-dideoxyglycoside-producing species isolated from soil near a pond
More LessTaxonomic studies were performed on an astaxanthin-dideoxyglycoside-producing strain, designated PB304T, isolated from soil near a pond in Daejeon city, South Korea. Cells of strain PB304T were Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, orange-coloured and motile, and occurred as single or paired short chains. PB304T did not contain bacteriochlorophyll a. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that strain PB304T was closely related to ‘Sphingomonas humi’ KCTC 12341 (98.7 %), Sphingomonas kaistensis KCTC 12344T (97.9 %), Sphingomonas astaxanthinifaciens DSM 22298T (97.6 %) and Sphingomonas ginsengisoli KCTC 12630T (97.5 %). Analysis of pufLM gene sequences revealed strain PB304T to be closely related to ‘S. humi’ KCTC 12341 (88.1 %). The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 0, summed feature 4 (comprising iso-C15 : 0 2-OH and/or C16 : 1ω7c), and summed feature 7 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c/ω9t/ω12t). Ubiquinone 10 (Q-10) was the sole quinone identified, and the major pigment was astaxanthin dideoxyglycoside. The major polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The polyamine was spermidine. The DNA–DNA relatedness values of strain PB304T with respect to its closest phylogenetic neighbours were 57.1 % for ‘S. humi’ KCTC 12341, 51.2 % for Sphingomonas kaistensis KCTC 12334T, 50.6 % for Sphingomonas astaxanthinifaciens DSM 22298T and 50.2 % for Sphingomonas ginsengisoli KCTC 12630T. The DNA G+C content of strain PB304T was 66.6 mol%. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain PB304T is concluded to represent a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas lacus is proposed. The type strain is PB304T ( = KCTC 32458T = CECT 8383T).
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Novosphingobium gossypii sp. nov., isolated from Gossypium hirsutum
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium (strain JM-1396T) producing a yellow pigment, was isolated from the healthy internal stem tissue of post-harvest cotton (Gossypium hirsutum, cultivar ‘DES-119’) grown at the Plant Breeding Unit at the E. V. Smith Research Center in Tallassee (Macon county), AL, USA. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis of strain JM-1396T showed high sequence similarity values to the type strains of Novosphingobium mathurense, Novosphingobium panipatense (both 98.6 %) and Novosphingobium barchaimii (98.5 %); sequence similarities to all other type strains of species of the genus Novosphingobium were below 98.3 %. DNA–DNA pairing experiments of the DNA of strain JM-1396T and N. mathurense SM117T, N. panipatense SM16T and N. barchaimii DSM 25411T showed low relatedness values of 8 % (reciprocal 7 %), 24 % (reciprocal 26 %) and 19 % (reciprocal 25 %), respectively. Ubiquinone Q-10 was detected as the dominant quinone; the fatty acids C18 : 1ω7c (71.0 %) and the typical 2-hydroxy fatty acid, C14 : 0 2-OH (11.7 %), were detected as typical components. The polar lipid profile contained the diagnostic lipids diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid and phosphatidylcholine. The polyamine pattern contained the major compound spermidine and only minor amounts of other polyamines. All these data revealed that strain JM-1396T represents a novel species of the genus Novosphingobium. For this reason we propose the name Novosphingobium gossypii sp. nov. with the type strain JM-1396T ( = LMG 28605T = CCM 8569T = CIP 110884T).
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Marinobacter halophilus sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt lake
More LessA Gram-staining-negative bacterium, strain XCD-X12T, was isolated from Xiaochaidan Lake, a salt lake (salinity 9.9 %, w/w) in Qaidam basin, Qinghai Province, China. Its taxonomic position was determined by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain XCD-X12T were non-spore-forming rods, 0.4–0.7 μm wide, 2.1–3.2 μm long and motile with a single polar flagellum. Strain XCD-X12T was strictly aerobic and catalase- and oxidase-positive. Growth was observed in the presence of 0–20.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 4.0–8.0 %), at 4–35 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and at pH 6.5–10.5 (optimum, pH 8.5). It contained Q-9 as the predominant respiratory quinone. The major fatty acids (>10.0 %) were C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω9c and C18 : 1ω9c. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, two unknown phospholipids and an uncharacterized aminophospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 55.6 mol% (T m). Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain XCD-X12T was associated with the genus Marinobacter, and showed the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus ATCC 49840T (97.4 %), M. vinifirmus FB1T (96.8 %), M. excellens KMM 3809T (96.8 %) and M. antarcticus ZS2-30T (96.7 %). DNA–DNA relatedness of strain XCD-X12T to M. hydrocarbonoclasticus CGMCC 1.7683T was 34 ± 5 %. Based on these data, it is concluded that strain XCD-X12T represents a novel species of the genus Marinobacter, for which the name Marinobacter halophilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XCD-X12T ( = CGMCC 1.12481T = JCM 30472T).
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Pseudomonas salina sp. nov., isolated from a salt lake
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, facultatively aerobic bacterium, strain XCD-X85T, was isolated from Xiaochaidan Lake, a salt lake (salinity 9.9 %, w/v) in Qaidam basin, Qinghai province, China. Its taxonomic position was determined by using a polyphasic approach. Cells of strain XCD-X85T were non-endospore-forming rods, 0.4–0.6 μm wide and 1.0–1.6 μm long, and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Strain XCD-X85T was catalase- and oxidase-positive. Growth was observed in the presence of 0–12.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1.0–2.0 %) and at 4–35 °C (optimum, 25–30 °C) and pH 6.5–10.5 (optimum, pH 8.0–8.5). Strain XCD-X85T contained (>10 %) summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c), C12 : 0, C16 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) as the predominant fatty acids. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone 9 (Q-9). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content was 57.4 mol%. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain XCD-X85T was associated with the genus Pseudomonas, and showed highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Pseudomonas pelagia CL-AP6T (99.0 %) and Pseudomonas bauzanensis BZ93T (96.8 %). DNA–DNA relatedness of strain XCD-X85T to P. pelagia JCM 15562T was 19 ± 1 %. On the basis of the data presented above, it is concluded that strain XCD-X85T represents a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, for which the name Pseudomonas salina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XCD-X85T ( = CGMCC 1.12482T = JCM 19469T).
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Pseudomonas coleopterorum sp. nov., a cellulase-producing bacterium isolated from the bark beetle Hylesinus fraxini
We isolated a strain coded Esc2AmT during a study focused on the microbial diversity of adult specimens of the bark beetle Hylesinus fraxini. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence had 99.4 % similarity with respect to its closest relative, Pseudomonas rhizosphaerae IH5T. The analysis of partial sequences of the housekeeping genes rpoB, rpoD and gyrB confirmed that strain Esc2AmT formed a cluster with P. rhizosphaerae IH5T clearly separated from the remaining species of the genus Pseudomonas. Strain Esc2AmT had polar flagella and could grow at temperatures from 4 °C to 30 °C. The respiratory quinone was Q9 and the main fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c in summed feature 8 and C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c in summed feature 3. DNA–DNA hybridization results showed 51 % relatedness with respect to P. rhizosphaerae IH5T. Oxidase, catalase and urease-positive, the arginine dihydrolase system was present but nitrate reduction and β-galactosidase production were negative. Aesculin hydrolysis was positive. Based on the results from the genotypic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses, we propose the classification of strain Esc2AmT as representing a novel species of the genus Pseudomonas, for which we propose the name Pseudomonas coleopterorum sp. nov. The type strain is Esc2AmT ( = LMG 28558T = CECT 8695T).
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Shewanella electrodiphila sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from Mid-Atlantic Ridge deep-sea sediments
More LessStrains MAR441T and MAR445 were isolated from Mid-Atlantic Ridge sediments from a depth of 2734 m, and were found to belong to the genus Shewanella. The strains were rod-shaped, pigmented, non-motile and capable of anaerobic growth either by fermentation of carbohydrates or by anaerobic respiration. The strains utilized a variety of electron acceptors, including nitrate and ferric compounds, and could utilize peptone when grown anaerobically in a two-chambered microbial fuel cell, which used carbon cloth electrodes and delivered a stable power output of ∼150–200 mW m− 2. The major fatty acids were typical of the genus Shewanella, with major components C13 : 0, iso-C13 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c, C18 : 1ω7c and C20 : 5ω3 fatty acids. The DNA G+C content of strains MAR441T and MAR445 was 42.4 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strains MAR441T and MAR445 were most closely related to Shewanella olleyana (sequence similarities 97.9 % to the type strain). DNA–DNA hybridization demonstrated only 15.6–37.2 % relatedness between strain MAR441T and the type strains of related species of the genus Shewanella. Phenotypic characteristics confirmed that these isolates constituted a novel species of the genus Shewanella, for which the name Shewanella electrodiphila sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is MAR441T ( = ATCC BAA-2408T = DSM 24955T).
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Pontivivens insulae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from seawater
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated GYSW-23T, was isolated from seawater off Geoje island in the South Sea, South Korea. Strain GYSW-23T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of approximately 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain GYSW-23T forms a distinct evolutionary lineage independent of other taxa of the family Rhodobacteraceae. It exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 94.0, 93.5, 93.4 and 93.4 % to the type strains of Roseovarius aestuarii, Ruegeria marina, Roseovarius pacificus and Oceanicola litoreus, respectively, and 93.6 % to ‘Actibacterium atlanticum’ 22II-S11-z10. Strain GYSW-23T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids of strain GYSW-23T were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified aminolipid. The fatty acid and polar lipid profiles of strain GYSW-23T were distinguishable from those of the phylogenetically related taxa. The DNA G+C content of strain GYSW-23T was 60.6 mol%. On the basis of the phylogenetic, chemotaxonomic and other phenotypic properties, strain GYSW-23T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus in the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Pontivivens insulae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Pontivivens insulae is GYSW-23T ( = KCTC 42458T = CECT 8812T).
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Diaphorobacter polyhydroxybutyrativorans sp. nov., a novel poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)-degrading bacterium isolated from biofilms
A novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively aerobic and rod-shaped strain, designated SL-205T, was isolated from the biofilms of a denitrifying reactor using poly(3-hydoxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) as the sole carbon source in Beijing, PR China. A polyphasic taxonomic characterization was performed on the novel isolate. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that strain SL-205T is a member of the genus Diaphorobacter. High levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity were found between strain SL-205T and Diaphorobacter nitroreducens NA10BT (99.4 %) and Diaphorobacter oryzae RF3T (98.5 %), respectively. However, the DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain SL-205T and D. nitroreducens NA10BT and D. oryzae RF3T were 57 ± 1 % and 45 ± 1.5 %, respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain SL-205T was 66.8 mol%. The major fatty acids consisted of summed feature 3 (including C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. Ubiquinone Q-8 was the only respiratory quinone; the polar lipid profile comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and one uncharacterized phospholipid. We conclude that strain SL-205T represents a novel species of the genus Diaphorobacter for which the name Diaphorobacter polyhydroxybutyrativorans is proposed; the type strain is SL-205T ( = ACCC 19739T = DSM 29460T).
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Sphingobium barthaii sp. nov., a high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium isolated from cattle pasture soil
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, yellow, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain KK22T, was isolated from a microbial consortium that grew on diesel fuel originally recovered from cattle pasture soil. Strain KK22T has been studied for its ability to biotransform high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogeny, strain KK22T was affiliated with the genus Sphingobium in the phylum Proteobacteria and was most closely related to Sphingobium fuliginis TKPT (99.8 %) and less closely related to Sphingobium quisquiliarum P25T (97.5 %). Results of DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) revealed relatedness values between strain KK22T and strain TKPT and between strain KK22T and strain P25T of 21 ± 4 % (reciprocal hybridization, 27 ± 2 %) and 15 ± 2 % (reciprocal hybridization, 17 ± 1 %), respectively. Chemotaxonomic analyses of strain KK22T showed that the major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-10, that the polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidyl-N-methylethylethanolamine and sphingoglycolipid, and that C18 : 1ω7c and C14 : 0 2-OH were the main fatty acid and hydroxylated fatty acids, respectively. This strain was unable to reduce nitrate and the genomic DNA G+C content was 64.7 mol%. Based upon the results of the DDH analyses, the fact that strain KK22T was motile, and its biochemical and physiological characteristics, strain KK22T could be separated from recognized species of the genus Sphingobium. We conclude that strain KK22T represents a novel species of this genus for which the name Sphingobium barthaii sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is KK22T ( = DSM 29313T = JCM 30309T).
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Rhizobium oryzicola sp. nov., potential plant-growth-promoting endophytic bacteria isolated from rice roots
More LessBacterial strains ZYY136T and ZYY9 were isolated from surface-sterilized rice roots from a long-term experiment of rice–rice–Astragalus sinicus rotation. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains ZYY136T and ZYY9 showed the highest similarity, of 97.0 %, to Rhizobium tarimense PL-41T. Sequence analysis of the housekeeping genes recA, thrC and atpD clearly differentiated the isolates from currently described species of the genus Rhizobium. The DNA–DNA relatedness value between ZYY136T and ZYY9 was 82.3 %, and ZYY136T showed 34.0 % DNA–DNA relatedness with the most closely related type strain, R. tarimense PL-41T. The DNA G+C content of strain ZYY136T was 58.1 mol%. The major cellular fatty acids were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C16 : 0 3-OH. Strains ZYY136T and ZYY9 could be differentiated from the previously defined species of the genus Rhizobium by several phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, we conclude that strains ZYY136T and ZYY9 represent a novel species of the genus Rhizobium, for which the name Rhizobium oryzicola sp. nov. is proposed (type strain ZYY136T = ACCC 05753T = KCTC 32088T).
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Sphingomonas psychrolutea sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium isolated from glacier ice
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, orange bacterium (strain MDB1-AT) was isolated from ice samples collected from Midui glacier in Tibet, south-west China. Cells were aerobic and psychrotolerant (growth occurred at 0–25 °C). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that it was a member of the genus Sphingomonas, with its closest relative being Sphingomonas glacialis C16yT (98.9 % similarity). Q-10 was the predominant ubiquinone. C17 : 1ω6c and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c) were the major cellular fatty acids. The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingoglycolipid. The polyamines detected were sym-homospermidine, spermidine and spermine. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 63.6 %. Based on data from this polyphasic analysis, strain MDB1-AT represents a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas, for which the name Sphingomonas psychrolutea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MDB1-AT ( = CGMCC 1.10106T = NBRC 109639T).
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Rhizobium anhuiense sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of Vicia faba and Pisum sativum
Four rhizobia-like strains, isolated from root nodules of Pisum sativum and Vicia faba grown in Anhui and Jiangxi Provinces of China, were grouped into the genus Rhizobium but were distinct from all recognized species of the genus Rhizobium by phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and housekeeping genes. The combined sequences of the housekeeping genes atpD, recA and glnII for strain CCBAU 23252T showed 86.9 to 95 % similarity to those of known species of the genus Rhizobium. All four strains had nodC and nifH genes and could form effective nodules with Pisum sativum and Vicia faba, and ineffective nodules with Phaseolus vulgaris, but did not nodulate Glycine max, Arachis hypogaea, Medicago sativa, Trifolium repens or Lablab purpureus in cross-nodulation tests. Fatty acid composition, DNA–DNA relatedness and a series of phenotypic tests also separated these strains from members of closely related species. Based on all the evidence, we propose a novel species, Rhizobium anhuiense sp. nov., and designate CCBAU 23252T ( = CGMCC 1.12621T = LMG 27729T) as the type strain. This strain was isolated from a root nodule of Vicia faba and has a DNA G+C content of 61.1 mol% (T m).
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Eionea flava sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater, and emended description of the genus Eionea
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, catalase- and oxidase-positive, facultatively aerobic bacterium, designated IMCC1962T was isolated from a surface seawater sample from the Yellow Sea. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain IMCC1962T belonged to the genus Eionea, forming a robust clade with members of the genus, and was most closely related to Eionea nigra (97.3 % similarity). DNA–DNA relatedness between strain IMCC1962T and Eionea nigra DSM 19752T was 21.8–26.3 %, which indicated strain IMCC1962T represents a novel genomic species of the genus Eionea. The G+C content of the DNA of strain IMCC1962T was 48.7 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone Q-8 and major fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c (43.4 %), C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c (19.3 %) and C16 : 0 (17.2 %). The polar lipids found in strain IMCC1962T were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, aminophospholipid, unknown phospholipid, and four unknown polar lipids. Strain IMCC1962T and Eionea nigra DSM 19752T differed from each other in diverse phenotypic characteristics including motility, colony colour and enzyme activities. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic data, strain IMCC1962T ( = KACC 17481T = NBRC 109703T) represents a novel species of the genus Eionea, for which the name Eionea flava sp. nov. is proposed. An emended description of the genus Eionea is also provided.
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Allochromatium humboldtianum sp. nov., isolated from soft coastal sediments
More LessA novel purple sulfur bacterium, strain AX1YPET, was isolated from marine sediments sampled at 47 m depth in Callao Bay, Perú. Strain AX1YPE grew anaerobically, synthesizing bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoid pigments of the spirilloxanthin series. Cells were Gram-stain-negative rods and actively motile by a polar flagellum. Strain AX1YPE was able to grow photolithoautotrophically with sulfide and thiosulfate as electron donors. This new phototrophic organism utilized ammonium salt, N2, urea and glutamate as nitrogen sources. Strain AX1YPE had a DNA base composition of 63.9 mol% G+C. Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain AX1YPE clusters in a separate branch within the genus Allochromatium of the family Chromatiaceae. Strain AX1YPE showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 98.2 % with Allochromatium vinosum DSM 180T and Allochromatium minutissimum DSM 1376T, 98.1 % with Allochromatium phaeobacterium JA144T, 97.3 % with Allochromatium renukae DSM 18713T and 96.8 % with Allochromatium warmingiiDSM 173T. DNA–DNA hybridization values to the type strains of its closest relatives, A. vinosum and A. minutissimum, were 59 and 64 %, respectively. The predominant fatty acid of strain AX1YPET was C18 : 1ω;7c and it notably possessed C20 : 1 as a minor component. PCR-based molecular typing (Box A1R and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA) produced a unique banding pattern for strain AX1YPET in comparison with the type strains of A. vinosum and A. minutissimum. Based on data from this polyphasic taxonomic study, which also includes average nucleotide identity comparison of five concatenated housekeeping genes, strain AX1YPET is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Allochromatium for which the name Allochromatium humboldtianum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AX1YPET ( = DSM 21881T = KCTC 15448T).
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Burkholderia humisilvae sp. nov., Burkholderia solisilvae sp. nov. and Burkholderia rhizosphaerae sp. nov., isolated from forest soil and rhizosphere soil
More LessStrains Y-12T and Y-47T were isolated from mountain forest soil and strain WR43T was isolated from rhizosphere soil, at Daejeon, Korea. The three strains grew at 10–55 °C (optimal growth at 28–30 °C), at pH 3.0–8.0 (optimal growth at pH 6.0) and in the presence of 0–4.0 % (w/v) NaCl, growing optimally in the absence of added NaCl. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the three strains were found to belong to the genus Burkholderia, showing the closest phylogenetic similarity to Burkholderia diazotrophica JPY461T (97.2–97.7 %); the similarity between the three sequences ranged from 98.3 to 98.7 %. Additionally, the three strains formed a distinct group in phylogenetic trees based on the housekeeping genes recA and gyrB. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-8, the major fatty acids were C16 : 0 and C17 : 0 cyclo and the DNA G+C content of the novel isolates was 61.6–64.4 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness among the three strains and the type strains of the closest species of the genus Burkholderia was less than 50 %. On the basis of 16S rRNA, recA and gyrB gene sequence similarities, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, the three strains represent three novel species within the genus Burkholderia, for which the names Burkholderia humisilvae sp. nov. (type strain Y-12T = KACC 17601T = NBRC 109933T = NCAIM B 02543T), Burkholderia solisilvae sp. nov. (type strain Y-47T = KACC 17602T = NBRC 109934T = NCAIM B 02539T) and Burkholderia rhizosphaerae sp. nov. (type strain WR43T = KACC 17603T = NBRC 109935T = NCAIM B 02541T) are proposed.
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Sphingopyxis fribergensis sp. nov., a soil bacterium with the ability to degrade styrene and phenylacetic acid
Strain Kp5.2T is an aerobic, Gram-negative soil bacterium that was isolated in Freiberg, Saxony, Germany. The cells were motile and rod-shaped. Optimal growth was observed at 20–30 °C. The fatty acids of strain Kp5.2T comprised mainly C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/iso-C15 : 0 2-OH). The major respiratory quinone was Q-10. The major polar lipids of strain Kp5.2T were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and sphingoglycolipid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 63.7 %. Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene of strain Kp5.2T allowed its classification into the family Sphingomonadaceae, and the sequence showed the highest similarity to those of members of the genus Sphingopyxis, with Sphingopyxis italica SC13E-S71T (99.15 % similarity), Sphingopyxis panaciterrae Gsoil 124T (98.96 %), Sphingopyxis chilensis S37T (98.90 %) and Sphingopyxis bauzanensis BZ30T (98.51 %) as the nearest neighbours. DNA–DNA hybridization and further characterization revealed that strain Kp5.2T can be considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sphingopyxis. Hence, the name Sphingopyxis fribergensis sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain Kp5.2T ( = DSM 28731T = LMG 28478T).
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Average nucleotide identity of genome sequences supports the description of Rhizobium lentis sp. nov., Rhizobium bangladeshense sp. nov. and Rhizobium binae sp. nov. from lentil (Lens culinaris) nodules
Rhizobial strains isolated from effective root nodules of field-grown lentil (Lens culinaris) from different parts of Bangladesh were previously analysed using sequences of the 16S rRNA gene, three housekeeping genes (recA, atpD and glnII) and three nodulation genes (nodA, nodC and nodD), DNA fingerprinting and phenotypic characterization. Analysis of housekeeping gene sequences and DNA fingerprints indicated that the strains belonged to three novel clades in the genus Rhizobium. In present study, a representative strain from each clade was further characterized by determination of cellular fatty acid compositions, carbon substrate utilization patterns and DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity (ANI) analyses from whole-genome sequences. DNA–DNA hybridization showed 50–62 % relatedness to their closest relatives (the type strains of Rhizobium etli and Rhizobium phaseoli) and 50–60 % relatedness to each other. These results were further supported by ANI values, based on genome sequencing, which were 87–92 % with their close relatives and 88–89 % with each other. On the basis of these results, three novel species, Rhizobium lentis sp. nov. (type strain BLR27T = LMG 28441T = DSM 29286T), Rhizobium bangladeshense sp. nov. (type strain BLR175T = LMG 28442T = DSM 29287T) and Rhizobium binae sp. nov. (type strain BLR195T = LMG 28443T = DSM 29288T), are proposed. These species share common nodulation genes (nodA, nodC and nodD) that are similar to those of the symbiovar viciae.
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Celeribacter naphthalenivorans sp. nov., a naphthalene-degrading bacterium from tidal flat sediment
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and moderately halophilic bacterium, designated strain EMB201T, was isolated from tidal flat sediment of the South Sea in Korea. Cells were motile rods with a single polar flagellum and had catalase- and oxidase-positive activities. Growth of strain EMB201T was observed at 15–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 5.0–9.5 (optimum, pH 7.0–7.5) and in the presence of 1–7 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 2–3 %). Strain EMB201T contained ubiquinone-10 as the sole isoprenoid quinone and summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c/ω6c), C18 : 0ω7c 11-methyl and C10 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. Phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified amino lipid were identified as the major polar lipids and an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids were detected as minor components. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was approximately 58.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain EMB201T formed a phylogenetic lineage with members of the genus Celeribacter. Strain EMB201T was related most closely to Celeribacter halophilus ZXM137T with a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 98.3 %, and the level of DNA–DNA relatedness between the two strains was 17.0 ± 2.0 %. The combined chemotaxonomic and molecular properties suggest that strain EMB201T represents a novel species of the genus Celeribacter, for which the name Celeribacter naphthalenivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EMB201T ( = KACC 18393T = JCM 30679T).
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Camelimonas fluminis sp. nov., a cyhalothrin-degrading bacterium isolated from river water
An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, short rod-shaped, non-spore-forming, cyhalothrin-degrading bacterial strain, XZ2T, was isolated from the surface water of Hanjiang River in Wuhan, China. Strain XZ2T grew optimally at pH 6.0, 30 °C and in the absence of NaCl. The G+C content of the total DNA was 64.1 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain XZ2T showed the highest similarity to that of Camelimonas lactis M 2040T (99.1 %), followed by Camelimonas abortus UK34/07-5T (95.9 %) and Chelatococcus daeguensis K106T (95.3 %). The major cellular fatty acids of strain XZ2T were C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c (63.1 %), C16 : 0 (15.0 %) and C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c (summed feature 8; 8.9 %). C18 : 0 3-OH was also detected as the major hydroxylated fatty acid. The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone Q-10. The polar lipid profile included the major compounds phosphatidylcholine and diphosphatidylglycerol, and moderate amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified aminolipids. The predominant compound in the polyamine pattern was spermidine. These chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain XZ2T to the genus Camelimonas. The DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain XZ2T and Camelimonas lactis M 2040T was 43.5 ± 0.6 %. DNA–DNA hybridization data as well as biochemical and physiological characteristics strongly supported the genotypic and phenotypic differentiations between strain XZ2T and Camelimonas lactis M 2040T. Therefore, strain XZ2T represents a novel species of the genus Camelimonas, for which the name Camelimonas fluminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XZ2T ( = KCTC 42282T = ACCC 19738T).
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Caenispirillum deserti sp. nov., a spheroplast-forming bacterium isolated from a salt desert
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, vibrio-shaped, spheroplast-forming, motile, aerobic bacterium was isolated from the soil of a salt desert in Kutch, Gujarat, India. The strain, designated JC232T, was oxidase- and catalase-positive. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain JC232T was a member of the genus Caenispirillum and was related most closely to Caenispirillum salinarum AK4T (98.9 % similarity) and Caenispirillum bisanense K92T (96.8 %). Genome relatedness based on DNA–DNA hybridization of strain JC232T with the type strains of closely related species was less than 40 %. The DNA G+C content of strain JC232T was 70 mol%. Phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphotidylcholine, diphosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified amino lipids (AL1 and 2) and four unidentified lipids (UL1–4) were the polar lipids of strain JC232T. C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c were the major (>15 %) fatty acids of strain JC232T, with minor amounts of C12 : 0, C14 : 0 3-OH/iso-C16 : 0 I, C18 : 1 2-OH, C18 : 0, C16 : 0 3-OH and C19 : 0cycloω8c. Although strain JC232T shared the predominant ubiquinone system (Q10) with the type strains of C. salinarum and C. bisanense, it differed from the latter in polar lipid profile, NaCl growth range and other phenotypic/physiological properties. On the basis of morphological, physiological, genotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain JC232T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Caenispirillum, for which the name Caenispirillum deserti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JC232T ( = KCTC 42064T = NBRC 110150T).
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Lysobacter novalis sp. nov., isolated from fallow farmland soil
More LessA novel bacterial strain, designated THG-PC7T, was isolated from fallow farmland soil in Yongin, South Korea. Cells of strain THG-PC7T were Gram-stain-negative, dark yellow, aerobic, rod-shaped and had gliding motility. Strain THG-PC7T grew optimally at 25–35 °C, at pH 7 and in the absence of NaCl. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis identified strain THG-PC7T as belonging to the genus Lysobacter, exhibiting highest sequence similarity with Lysobacter ximonensis KCTC 22336T (98.7 %) followed by Lysobacter niastensis KACC 11588T (95.7 %). In DNA–DNA hybridization tests, DNA relatedness between strain THG-PC7T and its closest phylogenetic neighbour L. ximonensis was below 25 %. The DNA G+C content of the novel isolate was determined to be 62.5 mol%. Flexirubin-type pigments were found to be present. The major cellular fatty acids were determined to be iso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1ω9c. The major respiratory quinone was identified as ubiquonone-8 (Q8). The predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified aminophospolipid. On the basis of results from DNA–DNA hybridization and the polyphasic data, strain THG-PC7T represents a novel species of the genus Lysobacter, for which the name Lysobacter novalis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-PC7T( = KACC 18276T = CCTCC AB 2014319T).
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Limibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium in the family Rhodospirillaceae isolated from reclaimed land
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and short rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated CAU 1121T, was isolated from reclaimed land in the Republic of Korea and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. The bacterium grew optimally at 37 °C, at pH 6.5 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, the novel isolate belonged to the family Rhodospirillaceae within the class Alphaproteobacteria and formed an independent lineage within the evolutionary radiation encompassed by the phylum Proteobacteria. Strain CAU 1121T exhibited very low levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with its phylogenetic neighbours Pelagibius litoralis (similarity, 92.5 %), Fodinicurvata fenggangensis (similarity, 91.4 %), Fodinicurvata sediminis (similarity, 90.7 %) and Tistlia consotensis (similarity, 91.0 %). Strain CAU 1121T contained ubiquinone-10 as the only respiratory quinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major cellular fatty acid. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 65 mol%. On the basis of phylogenetic inference, and physiological and chemotaxonomic data, it is proposed that strain CAU 1121T represents a novel genus and novel species in the family Rhodospirillaceae, for which the name Limibacillus halophilus gen. nov., sp. nov. is suggested. The type strain is CAU 1121T ( = KCTC 42420T = CECT 8803T = NBRC 110928T).
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Volumes and issues
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