- Volume 66, Issue 12, 2016
Volume 66, Issue 12, 2016
- New taxa
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- Firmicutes and related organisms
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Lentibacillus populi sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, endophytic bacterium isolated from a poplar tree, and emended description of the genus Lentibacillus
More LessA Gram-staining-positive, moderately halophilic, aerobic, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated WD4L-1T was isolated from surface-sterilized stem tissue of a poplar tree planted in the Wudalianchi National Geopark of Heilongjiang province, PR China. This novel isolate grew in the presence of 0–15 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 6.0–9.0 and 15–50 °C; optimum growth was observed with 7–8 % (w/v) NaCl, at pH 7.0 and 30 °C. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that the strain WD4L-1T belonged to the genus Lentibacillus , and was most closely related to Lentibacillus garicola SL-MJ1T with a sequence similarity of 96.1 %. The DNA G+C content of strain WD4L-1T was determined to be 36.9 mol%. The respiratory quinone was identified as menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and the major lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol and one unidentified phospholipid. The major fatty acids of strain WD4L-1T were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The results of the physiological and biochemical tests and the minor differences in the fatty acid profiles allowed a clear phenotypic differentiation of strain WD4L-1T from the closely related Lentibacillus garicola JCM 30131T. Thus, strain WD4L-1T represents a novel species of the genus Lentibacillus , for which the name Lentibacillus populi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is WD4L-1T (=CGMCC 1.15454T=DSM 101738T). An emended description of the genus Lentibacillus is also provided.
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Paludifilum halophilum gen. nov., sp. nov., a thermoactinomycete isolated from superficial sediment of a solar saltern
A novel filamentous, halophilic, thermotolerant bacterium, strain SMBg3T was isolated from superficial sediment of a solar saltern in Sfax, Tunisia. The isolate is Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, catalase- and oxidase-positive. Optimum growth occurred at 40–45 °C, with 10 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 8.0–9.0. Long and well developed aerial and substrate mycelia, with long chains of fluorescent and circular spores, were observed on all tested media. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain SMBg3T belongs to an independent phylogenetic lineage of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae and shows a gene sequence similarity of 94 % with Desmospora activa DSM 45169T 94.2 % with Kroppenstedtia eburnea DSM 45196T, 94.3 % with Kroppenstedtia guangzhouensis KCTC 29149T, 94.3 % with Melghirimyces algeriensis DSM 45474T and 94.5 % with Salinithrix halophila CECT 8506T. The predominant menaquinone is MK-7, but MK-8 and some minor unidentified components are also present in trace amounts. The major cellular fatty acids are anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. In addition to four major polar lipids identified as phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, five minor unknown lipids were detected in cell membranes. The DNA G+C content of strain SMBg3T is 51.2 mol%. Strain SMBg3T is distinct from recognized genera of the family Thermoactinomycetaceae by morphological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics. On the basis of physiological and phylogenetic data, strain SMBg3T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Thermoactinomycetaceae for which the name Paludifilum halophilum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is SMBg3T (=DSM 102817T=CCUG 68698T).
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Lactobacillus ixorae sp. nov., isolated from a flower (West-Indian jasmine)
A Gram-stain-positive, lactic acid bacterium, strain Ru20-1T, was isolated from a flower (West-Indian jasmine) collected from Kalasin province, Thailand. A polyphasic approach was used to determine the taxonomic position of this strain. Studies of morphological and biochemical characteristics revealed that strain Ru20-1T belonged to the genus Lactobacillus . The strain was heterofermentative, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. It produced dl-lactic acid. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, this strain was closely related to Lactobacillus lindneri LMG 14528T (96.8 %), Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis NRIC 1548T (95.4 %) and Lactobacillus florum NRIC 0771T (95.2 %), respectively. In addition, the pheS gene sequence of strain Ru20-1T was closely related to those of L. sanfranciscensis NRIC 1548T (92.0 %), L. lindneri LMG 14528T (89.0 %) and L. florum NRIC 0771T(85.0 %). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that strain Ru20-1T was clearly separated from closely related species of the genus Lactobacillus . The DNA G+C content of strain Ru20-1T was 47.8 mol %. The cell-wall peptidoglycan type was l-Lys–d-Asp. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω9c, C20 : 0, C20 : 1ω9c and summed feature 7 (unknown 18.846 and/or C19 : 1ω6c and/or C19 : 0 cyclo). On the basis of the data provided, strain Ru20-1T represents a novel species of the genus Lactobacillus , for which the name Lactobacillus ixorae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Ru20-1T (=LMG 29008T=NBRC 111239T=PCU 346T=TISTR 2381T).
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Phylogenomic analysis of the family Peptostreptococcaceae (Clostridium cluster XI) and proposal for reclassification of Clostridium litorale (Fendrich et al. 1991) and Eubacterium acidaminophilum (Zindel et al. 1989) as Peptoclostridium litorale gen. nov. comb. nov. and Peptoclostridium acidaminophilum comb. nov.
More LessIn 1994, analyses of clostridial 16S rRNA gene sequences led to the assignment of 18 species to Clostridium cluster XI, separating them from Clostridium sensu stricto ( Clostridium cluster I). Subsequently, most cluster XI species have been assigned to the family Peptostreptococcaceae with some species being reassigned to new genera. However, several misclassified Clostridium species remained, creating a taxonomic conundrum and confusion regarding their status. Here, we have re-examined the phylogeny of cluster XI species by comparing the 16S rRNA gene-based trees with protein- and genome-based trees, where available. The resulting phylogeny of the Peptostreptococcaceae was consistent with the recent proposals on creating seven new genera within this family. This analysis also revealed a tight clustering of Clostridium litorale and Eubacterium acidaminophilum . Based on these data, we propose reassigning these two organisms to the new genus Peptoclostridium as Peptoclostridium litorale gen. nov. comb. nov. (the type species of the genus) and Peptoclostridium acidaminophilum comb. nov., respectively. As correctly noted in the original publications, the genera Acetoanaerobium and Proteocatella also fall within cluster XI, and can be assigned to the Peptostreptococcaceae . Clostridium sticklandii , which falls within radiation of genus Acetoanaerobium , is proposed to be reclassified as Acetoanaerobium sticklandii comb. nov. The remaining misnamed members of the Peptostreptococcaceae , [ Clostridium ] hiranonis, [ Clostridium ] paradoxum and [ Clostridium ] thermoalcaliphilum, still remain to be properly classified.
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- other bacteria
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Fervidobacterium thailandense sp. nov., an extremely thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring
Strain FC2004T, a strictly anaerobic, extremely thermophilic heterotroph, was isolated from a hot spring in Thailand. Typical cells of strain FC2004T were rod shaped (0.5–0.6×1.1–2.5 µm) with an outer membrane swelling out over an end. Filaments (10–30 µm long) and membrane-bound spheroids containing two or more cells inside (3–8 µm in diameter) were observed. The temperature range for growth was 60–88°C (optimum 78–80°C), pH range was 6.5–8.5 (optimum pH 7.5) and NaCl concentration range was 0 to <5 g l−1 (optimum 0.5 g l−1). S0 stimulated growth yield. S2O3 2– and NO3 − did not influence growth. Glucose, maltose, sucrose, fructose, cellobiose, CM-cellulose and starch were utilized for growth. The membrane was composed mainly of the saturated fatty acids C16:0 and C18:0. The DNA G+C content was 45.8 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain FC2004T revealed highest similarity to species of the genus Fervidobacterium : F. pennivorans DSM 9078T (97–96 %), F. islandicum AW-1 (96 %), F. changbaicum CBS-1T (96 %), F. islandicum H21T (95 %), F. nodosum Rt17-B1T (95 %), F. riparium 1445tT (95 %) and F. gondwanense AB39T (93 %). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences and average nucleotide identity analysis suggested that strain FC2004T represented a novel species within the genus Fervidobacterium , for which the name Fervidobacterium thailandense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FC2004T (=JCM 18757T=ATCC BAA-2483T).
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Marinitoga arctica sp. nov., a thermophilic, anaerobic heterotroph isolated from a Mid-Ocean Ridge vent field
More LessA thermophilic, anaerobic, heterotrophic bacterium, designated 2PyrY55-1T, was isolated from the wall of an active hydrothermal white-smoker chimney in the Soria Moria vent field (71° N) at the Mohns Ridge in the Norwegian–Greenland Sea. Cells of the strain were Gram-negative, motile rods that possessed a polar flagellum and a sheath-like outer structure (‘toga’). Growth was observed at 45–70 °C (optimum 65 °C), at pH 5.0–7.5 (optimum pH 5.5) and in 1.5–5.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum 2.5 %). The strain grew on pyruvate, complex proteinaceous substrates and various sugars. Cystine and elemental sulfur were used as electron acceptors, and sulfide was then produced. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 27 mol% (T m method). Cellular fatty acids included C16 : 0, C14 : 0, C16 : 1 ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH, C16 : 1 ω9c, C18 : 1 ω9c, C18 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c and C12 : 0. Phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the strain belonged to the genus Marinitoga in the family Petrotogaceae . Based on the phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic data, strain 2PyrY55-1T (=DSM 29778T=JCM 30566T) is the type strain of a novel species of the genus Marinitoga , for which the name Marinitoga arctica sp. nov. is proposed.
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Deinococcus persicinus sp. nov., a radiation-resistant bacterium from soil
Two Gram-stain-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, aerobic and coccus-shaped bacterial strains, KSY3-6T and JSH6-18, were isolated from soil in South Korea. Strains KSY3-6T and JSH6-18 showed high resistance to gamma-ray and UVC irradiation. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains KSY3-6T and JSH6-18 showed a novel subline within the genus Deinococcus in the family Deinococcaceae . They shared 94.8–86.4 % nucleotide similarities with other species of the genus Deinococcus. Strain KSY3-6T exhibited high DNA–DNA hybridization values with JSH6-18 (77±0.8 %). The two strains showed typical chemotaxonomic characteristics of the genus Deinococcus , including the presence of menaquinone 8 (MK-8) as predominant respiratory quinone and C16 : 0, C17 : 0cyclo and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c) as major fatty acids. The G+C content of the DNA of strains KSY3-6T and JSH6-18 was 62.0 and 62.4 mol%, respectively. Polar lipids in strains KSY3-6T and JSH6-18 were mainly phosphoglycolipids. Based on their phenotypic and genotypic properties, strains KSY3-6T and JSH6-18 should be classified as representatives of a novel species in the genus Deinococcus , for which the name Deinococcus persicinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KSY3-6T (=KCTC 33787T=JCM 31313T). The reference strain is JSH6-18 (=KCTC 33788=JCM 31312).
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Deinococcus saudiensis sp. nov., isolated from desert
Two gamma- and UV-radiation-resistant, pink-coloured bacterial strains, designated YIM F302T and YIM F235, were isolated from the desert of Yanbu' al Bahr located in west of Saudi Arabia. Taxonomic positions of the two isolates were investigated by polyphasic taxonomic approaches. Cells of the two strains were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped. They were able to grow at 15–45 °C and pH 6.0–8.0 and had a NaCl tolerance limit of 1 % (w/v). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strains YIM F302T and YIM F235 represent members of the genus Deinococcus , sharing highest sequence similarities of 98.3 and 98.4 %, respectively, with Deinococcus grandis DSM 3963T. The strains were found to contain MK-8 as the respiratory menaquinone. Major fatty acids (>10 %) of the two strains were C15 : 1 ω6c, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1 ω7c. DNA–DNA hybridization values of the two isolates against the closely related type strains were significantly below the 70 % limit for species delineation. Genomic DNA G+C contents of strains YIM F302T and YIM F235 were 69.3 and 69.0 mol%, respectively. Based on the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics recorded, it is determined that the two isolates represent a novel species of the genus Deinococcus , for which the name Deinococcus saudiensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM F302T (=CGMCC 1.15089T=DSM 29933T).
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Description of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma meliae’, a phytoplasma associated with Chinaberry (Melia azedarach L.) yellowing in South America
China tree yellows (ChTY) phytoplasma is associated with the yellowing disease of the China tree (Melia azedarach) in Argentina. According to partial 16S rRNA gene analysis, ChTY phytoplasma belongs to the 16Sr XIII group, subgroup G. Strains of species of ChTY have 98–99 % 16S rDNA gene sequence similarity with 16SrXIII-group phytoplasmas, and less than 97.5 % when compared to all ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ’ described so far, except for the novel ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma hispanicum '. However, strains of species of ChTY are differentiated from the latter due to having additional molecular and biological attributes. The presence of unique features in the 16S rDNA sequence distinguishes ChTY from all species of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma ’ currently described. The in silico RFLP profile of 16S rDNA (1.2 kb) and rpLV-rpsC (1.3 kb) genes distinguished ChTY, as in the 16SrXIII-G subgroup within the 16SrXIIII group. The phylogenetic analyses, based on 16S rDNA, rpLV-rpsC and secA gene sequences, in addition to the restricted host range, characteristic symptoms and geographical distribution, confirm that the collective strains of the species ChTY represent a distinct lineage within the phytoplasma clade and support the description of a novel species of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma meliae ’ with the reference strain being ChTY-Mo3 (Montecarlo, Argentina).
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Isolation and characterization of Acidobacterium ailaaui sp. nov., a novel member of Acidobacteria subdivision 1, from a geothermally heated Hawaiian microbial mat
More LessA novel member of Acidobacteria was isolated from a microbial mat growing on a geothermally heated dead tree trunk in Hawai’i Volcanoes National Park (HI, USA). The rod-shaped, Gram-negative capsulated cells of strain PMMR2T were non-motile and catalase and oxidase negative. Growth occurred aerobically from 15 to 55 °C (optimum, 40 °C) and at pH values from 4.5 to 7.0 (optimum, 6.5). A limited range of sugars and organic acids supported growth. However, results of a genomic analysis suggested that various polysaccharides might be hydrolysed as carbon sources, and evidence for pectin degradation was observed in liquid cultures. A genomic analysis also revealed genes for a Group 1f uptake hydrogenase; assays with liquid cultures confirmed hydrogen consumption, including uptake at sub-atmospheric concentrations. Nitrate was not dissimilated to nitrite. Major membrane fatty acids included iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. The G+C content was 57.2mol%. A comparative genome analysis revealed an average nucleotide identity of 72.2 % between PMMR2T and its nearest cultured phylogenetic neighbour, Acidobacterium capsulatum ATCC 51196T (=JCM 7670T); analysis of the 16S rRNA gene revealed a 96.8 % sequence identity with Acidobacterium capsulatum ATCC 51196T. These results and other phenotypic differences indicated that strain PMMR2T represents a novel species in the genus Acidobacterium , for which the name Acidobacterium ailaaui sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain, PMMR2T (=DSM 27394T=LMG 28340T), is the second formal addition to the genus Acidobacterium .
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Deinococcus budaensis sp. nov., a mesophilic species isolated from a biofilm sample of a hydrothermal spring cave
Following the exposure of a biofilm sample from a hydrothermal spring cave (Gellért Hill, Budapest, Hungary) to gamma radiation, a strain designated FeSTC15-38T was isolated and studied by polyphasic taxonomic methods. The spherical-shaped cells stained Gram-negative, and were aerobic and non-motile. The pH range for growth was pH 6.0–9.0, with an optimum at pH 7.0. The temperature range for growth was 20–37 °C, with an optimum at 28 °C. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate indicated that the organism belongs to the genus Deinococcus. The highest sequence similarities appeared with Deinococcus hopiensis KR-140T (94.1 %), Deinococcus aquaticus PB314T (93.3 %) and Deinococcus aerophilus 5516T-11T (92.7 %). The DNA G+C content of the novel strain was 68.2 mol%. The predominant fatty acids (>10 %) were iso-C16 : 0 and C16 : 1ω7c, and the cell-wall peptidoglycan type was A3β l-Orn–Gly2-3, corroborating the assignment of the strain to the genus Deinococcus. Strain FeSTC15-38T contained MK-8 as the major menaquinone and several unidentified phospholipids, glycolipids and phosphoglycolipids. Resistance to gamma radiation (D10) of strain FeSTC15-38T was <3.0 kGy. According to phenotypic and genotypic data, strain FeSTC15-38T represents a novel species for which the name Deinococcus budaensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is FeSTC15-38T (=NCAIM B.02630T=DSM 101791T).
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Description of ‘Candidatus Marispirochaeta associata’ and reclassification of Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis, Spirochaeta smaragdinae and Spirochaeta sinaica to a new genus Sediminispirochaeta gen. nov. as Sediminispirochaeta bajacaliforniensis comb. nov., Sediminispirochaeta smaragdinae comb. nov. and Sediminispirochaeta sinaica comb. nov.
More LessStrain JC231 was isolated from a coastal saline habitat of Gujarat and was identified based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis as a member belonging to the genus Spirochaeta and showed highest sequence similarity (<91 %) with Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis DSM 16054T and other members of the family Spirochaetaceae . Intensive attempts to culture strain JC231 in pure culture have failed and were associated with only one species of a Desulfovibrio . However, presence of fosmidomycin inhibited the growth of Desulfovibrio sp. and strain JC231 was characterized in its presence. Strain JC231 was an obligate anaerobe, helical shaped and Gram-stain-negative with catalase and oxidase negative. Draft genome sequence analysis of strain JC231 indicated the full complement of genes for both 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA pathways of terpenogenesis. C14 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 1H/C13 : 0 3OH and iso-C14 : 0 are the major (>5 %) fatty acids. Strain JC231 contains diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and six unidentified lipids (L1–L6). G+C content of strain JC231 was 55.7 mol%. Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from the previously described taxa support the classification of strain JC231 as a representative of a new genus and species in the family Spirochaetaceae , for which the name ‘Candidatus Marispirochaeta associata’ is proposed. Strain JC231 is deposited as a defined co-culture with Desulfovibrio sp. JC271 to DSMZ (DSM 29857) and KCTC (KCTC 15472). Based on phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, we also propose the reclassification of Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis as Sediminispirochaeta bajacaliforniensis gen. nov., comb. nov., Spirochaeta smaragdinae as Sediminispirochaeta smaragdinae comb. nov. and Spirochaeta sinaica as Sediminispirochaeta sinaica comb. nov.
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- Proteobacteria
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Sphingoaurantiacus capsulatus sp. nov., isolated from mountain soil, and emended description of the genus Sphingoaurantiacus
More LessA novel Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, capsule-forming bacterium, designated strain YLT33T, that formed orange-red colonies was isolated from mountain cliff soil from Enshi Grand Canyon, southwest China. Growth occurred at 4–35 °C (optimum 28 °C) and at pH 6.0–10.0 (optimum 7.0). It showed maximum (99.3 %) 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and formed a monophyletic clade with Sphingoaurantiacus polygranulatus MC 3718T (=CCTCC 2014274T). The DNA G+C content was 68.5 mol% and strain YLT33T showed a 50.5 % DNA–DNA relatedness value to S. polygranulatus MC 3718T. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were C17 : 1ω6c (40.7 %), C15 : 0 (10.4 %), C15 : 1ω6c (9.4 %), summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2-OH; 8.6 %), C17 : 1ω8c (7.1 %), C18 : 1ω7c (6.1 %), and C15 : 0 2-OH (5.7 %). Ubiquinone-10 was the sole respiratory quinone. The polar lipids of strain YLT33T contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, sphingoglycolipid, two unknown glycolipids and one unknown phospholipid. Carotenoids were present in cells. Homospermidine was the major polyamine. In addition, strain YLT33T showed obvious differences from the closely related strain S. polygranulatus MC 3718T with respect to major polar lipids, fatty acids and other morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. These results from polyphasic taxonomic studies reveal that strain YLT33T represents a novel species of the genus Sphingoaurantiacus , for which the name Sphingoaurantiacus capsulatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YLT33T (=CCTCC AB 2015150T=KCTC 42644T).
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Reclassification of strains MAFF 303099T and R7A into Mesorhizobium japonicum sp. nov.
In this work we revise the taxonomic status of the Lotus-nodulating strains MAFF 303099T and R7A isolated in Japan and New Zealand, respectively. Their 16S rRNA gene sequences are identical and show 98.0, 99.7, 99.8 and 99.9 % similarity values with respect to Mesorhizobium loti NZP 2213T, M. jarvisii ATCC 33669T, M. huakuii USDA 4779T (=CCBAU 2609T) and M. erdmanii USDA 3471T, respectively. The analysis of recA and glnII gene sequeces showed that M. jarvisii ATCC 33669T and M. huakuii USDA 4779T (=CCBAU 2609T) are the most closely related strains to MAFF 303099T and R7A, with similarity values suggesting that these two strains belong to a different species for which MAFF 303099T is selected as the type strain. The DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain MAFF 303099T and its closest phylogenetic relatives ranged from 53 to 60 % in average. Strains MAFF 303099T and R7A presented slight differences in the proportions of C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl and C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c fatty acids with respect to M. jarvisii ATCC 33669T and M. huakuii USDA 4779T, and also in several phenotypic characteristics. Therefore, we propose the reclassification of these two strains into a novel species named Mesorhizobium japonicum sp. nov., with the type strain being MAFF 303099T (=LMG 29417T=CECT 9101T).
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Thalassospira indica sp. nov., isolated from deep seawater
More LessA taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach was carried out on strain PB8BT, which was isolated from the deep water of the Indian Ocean. Cells of the bacterium were Gram-stain-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, curved rods and motile. Growth was observed at salinities of 0–15 % and at temperatures of 10–41°C. The isolate could reduce nitrate to nitrite and degrade Tween 80, but not degrade gelatin. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain PB8BT belonged to the genus Thalassospira , with the highest sequence similarity to the closely related type strain Thalassospira tepidiphila 1-1BT (99.7 %), followed by Thalassospira profundimaris WP0211T (99.6 %). Multilocus sequence analysis demonstrated low similarities of 94.1 and 93.7 % between strain PB8BT and the two reference type strains. Digital DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain PB8BT and the two above-mentioned type strains were, respectively, 56.3 and 55.3 %. The principal fatty acids of strain PB8BT were C18 : 1 ω6c/C18 : 1 ω7c, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and C16 : 0. The G+C content of the chromosomal DNA was 54.9 mol%. The quinone was determined to be Q-10 (100 %). Phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and several unidentified phospholipids and lipids were present. Based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain PB8BT represents a novel species within the genus Thalassospira , for which the name Thalassospira indica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the novel species is PB8BT (=MCCC 1A01103T=LMG 29620T).
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Shewanella inventionis sp. nov., isolated from deep-sea sediment
Ming-qing Wang and Li SunA novel Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated KX27T, was isolated from deep-sea sediment of the Okinawa Trough and characterized on the basis of a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The phenotypic features of strain KX27T were similar to those of members of the genus Shewanella . Strain KX27T exhibited highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (98.37 %) to Shewanella basaltis JCM 14937T. Levels of gyrB gene sequence similarity between strain KX27T and its closest genetic neighbours were lower than 90 %, the species cut-off value for Shewanella . The DNA–DNA hybridization value between strain KX27T and S. basaltis JCM 14937T (54 %) was lower than the accepted species threshold. The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain KX27T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c), C17 : 1 ω8c, summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c) and iso-C15 : 0. The major polar lipids of strain KX27T were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. On the basis of combined phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analysis, strain KX27T represents a novel species of the genus Shewanella , for which the name Shewanella inventionis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KX27T (=KCTC 42807T=CGMCC 1.15339T).
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The status of the genus Pseudoroseovarius Sun et al. 2015
More LessThe results of phylogenetic analyses of the genera Aliiroseovarius Park et al. 2015 and Pseudoroseovarius Sun et al. 2015 and comparison of the phenotypic features of their members showed that these genera should be united. Based on nomenclatural priority of the genus Aliiroseovarius , it is proposed to reclassify Pseudoroseovarius crassostreae as a later homotypic synonym of Aliiroseovarius crassostreae , Pseudoroseovarius halocynthiae as a later homotypic synonym of Aliiroseovarius halocynthiae , Pseudoroseovarius sediminilitoris as a later homotypic synonym of Aliiroseovarius sediminilitoris and Pseudoroseovarius zhejiangensis as Aliiroseovarius zhejiangensis comb. nov.
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Nitratireductor lacus sp. nov., isolated from Yuncheng Salt Lake, China
More LessThis is the taxonomic study of a novel bacterial strain, designated GSS14T, isolated from a sediment sample of Yuncheng Salt Lake, China. Cells were Gram-negative, ovoid to rod-shaped and motile by means of flagella. The isolate could grow at 10–45 °C, at pH 6.5–11.0 and in the presence of 0–12 % (w/v) NaCl. The dominant fatty acids were summed feature 8 (consisting of C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c; 76.7 %) and the DNA G+C content was 61 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GSS14T was affiliated with the genus Nitratireductor , and it was most closely related to Nitratireductor kimnyeongensis KY 101T (98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Nitratireductor aquibiodomus JCM 21793T (96.6 %). DNA–DNA hybridization between strains GSS14T and N. kimnyeongensis KY 101T revealed 52 % relatedness. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data support assignment of this isolate to the genus Nitratireductor as a representative of a novel species. The name Nitratireductor lacus sp. nov. is proposed, with strain GSS14T (=KCTC 52186T=MCCC 1K02481) as the type strain.
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Bacterioplanoides pacificum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from seawater of South Pacific Gyre
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, strictly aerobic, transparent and smooth, curved-rod-shaped motile bacterium with a single polar flagellum, designated strain sw100T, was isolated from surface seawater of South Pacific Gyre during Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 329. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain sw100T was most closely related to the member of the family Oceanospirillaceae and was distinct from the most closely related genera Bacterioplanes , Thalassolituus and Oceanobacter (95.8, 94.5–95.3 and 94.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively). Growth occurred in the presence of 0–11 % NaCl (w/v, optimum 7 %), at 10–37 °C (optimum 28 °C) and pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum pH 7.0). The major fatty acids (>10 % of total fatty acids) are C16 : 0, C16 : 0 N alcohol and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified polar lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain sw100T was 55.3 mol%. The major respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). On the basis of polyphasic analyses, strain sw100T is considered to represent a novel species in a novel genus of the family Oceanospirillaceae , for which the name Bacterioplanoides pacificum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is sw100T (=JCM 30597T=MCCC 1K00501T=KCTC 42424T).
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Iodidimonas muriae gen. nov., sp. nov., an aerobic iodide-oxidizing bacterium isolated from brine of a natural gas and iodine recovery facility, and proposals of Iodidimonadaceae fam. nov., Iodidimonadales ord. nov., Emcibacteraceae fam. nov. and Emcibacterales ord. nov.
More LessA chemo-organotrophic iodide (I−)-oxidizing bacterial strain, C-3T, isolated from natural gas brine of an iodine recovery facility in Kujukuri, Chiba, Japan, was characterized for representation of a novel species in the class Alphaproteobacteria . Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence revealed that the nearest neighbours of strain C-3T were members of the genera Eilatimonas , Kordiimonas , Rhodothalassium and Temperatibacter with 88–91 % sequence similarity. Cells of strain C-3T were aerobic, Gram-staining-negative, non-sporulating and rod-shaped (1.3–3.6 µm in length). Strain C-3T grew optimally at 30 °C, pH 7.5 and with 3 % NaCl (w/v). Iodide oxidation to form molecular iodine (I2) was a unique trait for strain C-3T, whereas the strain did not utilize iodide as a sole electron donor for chemolithoautotrophic growth. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c and C16 : 1 ω5c. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and unidentified aminolipids. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 58.5 mol%. Iodide oxidation and the major cellular fatty acids composition distinguished strain C-3T from phylogenetically related bacteria. On the basis of the phenotypic features and the phylogenetic position, a novel genus and species are proposed for strain C-3T (=JCM 17843T=LMG 28660T), to be named Iodidimonas muriae gen. nov., sp. nov. We also propose to place the distinct sublineages of the genera Iodidimonas gen. nov. and Emcibacter in the orders Iodidimonadales ord. nov. and Emcibacterales ord. nov., respectively, because these genera are located far apart from the order Kordiimonadales and form the distinct lineage in the class Alphaproteobacteria .
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Pseudoxanthomonas helianthi sp. nov., isolated from roots of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus)
More LessA bacterium designated as strain roo10T was isolated from roots of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus). Cells were Gram-stain-negative and non-motile rods. The phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene indicated that it represented a member of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas , and its close relatives included Pseudoxanthomonas kalamensis JA40T (97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Pseudoxanthomonas sangjuensis 5GH38-5T (97.7 %) and Pseudoxanthomonas daejeonensis TR6-08T (97.1 %). Growth of roo10T occurred at pH 7–9. The temperature for growth ranged from 20 to 37 °C. Tolerance to NaCl was observed from 0.005 to 5 % (w/v) concentration. Predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 (23.5 %), iso-C16 : 0 (18.9 %) and anteiso-C15 : 0 (11.5 %). Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidyl-N-methylethanolamine were the major polar lipids. The predominant quinone was ubiquinone 8 (Q-8). The DNA G+C content was 65.7 mol% [from melting temperature (Tm )]. Comparison of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics indicated that roo10T was distinguishable from its close relatives. Additionally, the DNA–DNA relatedness levels between roo10T and P. kalamensis DSM 18571T (22±0.5 %), P. sangjuensis 5GH38-5T (21±0.2 %) and P. daejeonensis DSM 17801T (3±1 %) were lower than 70 %. These results indicated that roo10T represented a novel species of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas , for which the name Pseudoxanthomonas helianthi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is roo10T (=BCC 70700T=NBRC 110414T).
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Thalassotalea euphylliae sp. nov., isolated from the torch coral Euphyllia glabrescens
More LessStrain Eup-16T, isolated from the torch coral Euphyllia glabrescens, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain Eup-16T were Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, motile by means of a single polar flagellum, contained poly-β-hydroxybutyrate, rod-shaped and formed pale yellow colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 25–30 °C, pH 7.5–9 and in the presence of 1 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Eup-16T belonged to the genus Thalassotalea and was most closely related to Thalassotalea montiporae CL-22T with sequence similarity of 98.4 %. Strain Eup-16T contained summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and C17 : 1ω8c as the predominant fatty acids. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain Eup-16T was 43.2 mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization value for strain Eup-16T with T. montiporae CL-22T was less than 34 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic inference, demonstrate that strain Eup-16T should be classified as a representative of a novel species of the genus Thalassotalea , for which the name Thalassotalea euphylliae sp. nov. is presented. The type strain is Eup-16T (=BCRC 80910T=LMG 29001T=KCTC 42743T).
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Novosphingobium bradum sp. nov., isolated from a spring
More LessA bacterial strain designated STM-24T was isolated from a spring in Taiwan and characterized using the polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain STM-24T were Gram-staining- negative, aerobic, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate accumulating, non-motile, rod shaped and forming light yellow-coloured colonies. Growth occurred at 15–30 °C (optimum, 20 °C), at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 6.0) and with 0–0.5 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain STM-24T belonged to the genus Novosphingobium and was most closely related to Novosphingobium piscinae SLH-16T with sequence similarity of 98.4 %. The major fatty acids (>10 %) of strain STM-24T were C18 : 1ω7c, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The major 2-hydroxy fatty acid was C14 : 0 2-OH. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidyldimethylethanolamine, sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylcholine and several uncharacterized lipids. The major polyamine was spermidine. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The DNA G+C content was 69.1mol%. The DNA–DNA hybridization value for strain STM-24T with N . piscinae SLH-16T, Novosphingobium taihuense JCM 12465T and Novosphingobium subterraneum DSM 12447T was less than 55 %. Phenotypic characteristics of the novel strain also differed from those of the closest related species of the genus Novosphingobium . On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain STM-24T represents a novel species in the genus Novosphingobium , for which the name Novosphingobium bradum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is STM-24T (=BCRC 80925T=LMG 29291T=KCTC 42984T).
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Psychrobacter pocilloporae sp. nov., isolated from a coral, Pocillopora eydouxi
More LessTwo closely related aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacteria (S6-60T and S6-67) were isolated from the mucus of the coral, Pocillopora eydouxi, from the Andaman Sea, India. Heterotrophic growth on marine agar was observed at 4–37 °C and at pH 6.5–10.0; optimum growth occurred at 25–30 °C and at pH 7–9. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that the isolates belong to the genus Psychrobacter ; the two isolates shared more than 99.5 % pairwise sequence similarity. Strain S6-60T showed a maximum 16S rRNA similarity of 98.92 % with Psychrobacter pacificensis DSM 23406T. DNA–DNA homology between the two isolates, S6-60T and S6-67, was above 90 %, whereas strain S6-60T showed less than 70 % homology with closely related type species. The DNA G+C content was 47.7 mol%. It contained phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phospholipid as the major polar lipids. C10 : 0, C12 : 0 3OH, C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, C17 : 1ω8c and C16 : 1ω7c were found to be the predominant fatty acids. Based on a polyphasic analysis, the isolates (S6-60T and S6-67) represent a novel species of the genus Psychrobacter for which the name Psychrobacter pocilloporae sp. nov. is proposed with S6-60T(=JCM 31058T=LMG 29157T) as the type strain.
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Proposal of Verticiella gen. nov. as replacement for the illegitimate prokaryotic genus name Verticia Vandamme et al. 2015
More LessThe prokaryotic genus name Verticia Vandamme et al. 2015 is illegitimate because it is a later homonym of the insect genus name Verticia Malloch 1927 [Principle 2, Rule 51b(4) of the Prokaryotic Code (2008 Revision)]. This name is therefore not a correct name (Principle 6), and a replacement genus name must be proposed (Rule 54).
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Paracoccus contaminans sp. nov., isolated from a contaminated water microcosm
More LessA beige-pigmented, oxidase-positive bacterial strain (WPAn02T), isolated as a presumably airborne contaminant of an axenic bacterial microcosm, was studied using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of the isolate were coccoid and stained Gram-negative. A comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence of strain WPAn02T with sequences of type strains of the most closely related species of the genus Paracoccus showed highest sequence similarities to Paracoccus chinensis (97.7 %), Paracoccus marinus (97.1 %), Paracoccus niistensis (97.4 %) and ‘ Paracoccus zhejiangensis ' (97.0 %). 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to all other species of the genus Paracoccus were below 97 %. The fatty acid profile of the strain consisted of the major fatty acids C18 : 1ω7c/ω9t/ω12t and C18 : 0. DNA–DNA hybridizations between WPAn02T and type strains of P. chinensis, P. marinus , P. niistensis , and ‘P. zhejiangensis’ resulted in similarity values of 49 % (reciprocal 22 %), 16 % (reciprocal 10 %), 30 % (reciprocal 32 %), and 18 % (reciprocal 7 %), respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization results together with the differentiating biochemical and chemotaxonomic properties indicated that WPAn02T represents a novel species of the genus Paracoccus , for which the name Paracoccus contaminans sp. nov. (type strain WPAn02T=RKI 16-01929T=LMG 29738T=CCM 8701T=CIP 111112T), is proposed.
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Uliginosibacterium paludis sp. nov., isolated from a marsh
More LessA novel bacterial strain, designated KBP-13T, was isolated from a water sample taken from the Banping Lake Wetland Park in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain KBP-13T were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-accumulating, motile rods that formed light yellow colonies. Growth occurred at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30–40 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 6.0) and with 0–2 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain KBP-13T belonged to the genus Uliginosibacterium within the family Rhodocyclaceae of the class Betaproteobacteria and its most closely related neighbour was Uliginosibacterium gangwonense 5YN10-9T with sequence similarity of 96.0 %. Strain KBP-13T contained summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c), C16 : 0 and C14 : 0 as predominant fatty acids. The major respiratory quinone was Q-8. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 65.1 mol%. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, one uncharacterized aminophospholipid, one uncharacterized aminolipid, two uncharacterized phospholipids and three uncharacterized glycolipids. On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain KBP-13T represents a novel species in the genus Uliginosibacterium , for which the name Uliginosibacterium paludis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KBP-13T (=BCRC 80903T=LMG 28837T=KCTC 42655T).
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Pseudohongiella nitratireducens sp. nov., isolated from seawater, and emended description of the genus Pseudohongiella
More LessTwo Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by a single polar flagellum and rod-shaped strains, designated SCS-49T and SCS-111, were isolated from seawater of the South China Sea. The two strains grew at 4–35 °C, with 0.5–7.5 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 6.5–9.0 and were able to reduce nitrate. Q-8 was the sole ubiquinone. The major fatty acids of the two strains were C16 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c). The polar lipids included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phospoglycolipid, three unidentified glycolipids, five unidentified phospholipids and two to three unidentified lipids. The isolates formed a stable clade with Pseudohongiella acticola and Pseudohongiella spirulinae based on phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. Strains SCS-49T and SCS-111 exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.2 and 96.0 % with respect to the type strains of P. acticola and P. spirulinae , respectively. The average nucleotide diversity and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain SCS-49T and P. acticola KCTC 42131T were 71.4 and 25.1 %, respectively and the values between strain SCS-49T and SCS-111 were 99.9 and 99.2 %, respectively. Based upon the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genetic data, strains SCS-49T and SCS-111 represent a novel species in the genus Pseudohongiella , for which the name Pseudohongiella nitratireducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SCS-49T (=CGMCC 1.15425T=KCTC 52155T=MCCC 1K03186T).
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Labrenzia salina sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere of the halophyte Arthrocnemum macrostachyum
A novel, halophilic, motile, rod-shaped, Gram-staining-negative and non-endospore forming bacterium, designated Cs25T, was isolated from the rhizosphere of the halophyte Arthrocnemum macrostachyum growing in a tidal flat. Strain Cs25T was observed to be catalase-negative and oxidase-positive, and to hydrolyse hypoxanthine. Growth occurred from 15 to 40 °C, at pH 7.0−10.0 and with 1−11 % (w/v) NaCl. Q-10 was identified as the dominant ubiquinone, and the major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c, 11-methyl C18 : 1ω7c, C20 : 1ω7c and C18 : 0. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, sulphoquinovosyldiacylglyceride, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The 16S rRNA gene showed 99.19, 98.6 and 98.59 % sequence identity with Labrenzia alba DSM 18320T, L. aggregata DSM 13394T and L. marina DSM 17023T, respectively. Based on the phenotypic and molecular features and DNA–DNA hybridization data, it is concluded that strain Cs25T represents a novel species for which the name Labrenzia salinasp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Cs25T (=DSM 29163T=CECT 8816T).
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Coetzeea brasiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov. isolated from larvae of Anopheles darlingi
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped strain, Braz8T, isolated from larvae of Anopheles darlingi was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain Braz8T was related most closely to species of the genus Thorsellia , with 95.6, 96.5 and 96.6 % similarity to the type strains of Thorsellia anophelis , Thorsellia kandunguensis and Thorsellia kenyensis , respectively, and formed a separate branch in the phylogenetic tree next to the monophyletic cluster of the genus Thorsellia . Chemotaxonomic data supported the allocation of the strain to the family Thorselliaceae . The major fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c, C16 : 0 and C14 : 0. The quinone system was composed of ubiquinones Q-8 and Q-7 (1 : 0.3), the predominant polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol, and the polyamine pattern showed the major compound putrescine. However, qualitative and quantitative differences in the major polyamine, polar lipid profile and fatty acid patterns distinguished strain Braz8T from species of the genus Thorsellia . Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, average nucleotide identity, DNA–DNA hybridization, multilocus sequence analysis as well as physiological and biochemical tests distinguished strain Braz8T both genotypically and phenotypically from the three Thorsellia species but also showed its placement in the family Thorselliaceae . Thus, strain Braz8T is considered to represent a novel species of a new genus most closely related to the genus Thorsellia, for which the name Coetzeea brasiliensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Coetzeea brasiliensis is Braz8T (=LMG 29552T=CIP 111088T).
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Isolation and characterization of a novel Gram-negative bacterium Chromobacterium alkanivorans sp. nov., strain IITR-71T degrading halogenated alkanes
The taxonomic position of a Gram-stain negative, non-violaceinpigmented bacterium isolated from an insecticide-contaminated site was characterized by a polyphasic approach. The bacterium was able to grow on three different halogenated compounds namely 1-hlorobutane, 1-hloropropane and 1,2-ichloroethane. As a critical step in the degradation of these haloalkanes, stoichiometric amounts of dechlorination were estimated. Based on selective enrichment method for three months, using a highly contaminated mixed chemical soil, a bacterium was obtained and designated as IITR-71T. Its versatility and novelty led us to further characterize it by polyphasic taxonomy. The 16S rRNA gene sequence (1446 bases) comparison showed highest similarity with those of members of the genus Chromobacterium with the most closely related species to strain IITR-71T being Chromobacterium aquaticum (99.3 %) followed by Chromobacterium haemolyticum (98.6 %) and Chromobacterium piscinae (97.1 %). The major ubiquinone was Q-8. Predominant polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG). The DNA G+C content of IITR-71T was estimated to be 61.2 mol%. The genotypic and phenotypic distinctiveness of IITR-71T and its phylogenetic relationships indicate that IITR-71T represents a novel species, for which the name Chromobacterium alkanivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IITR-71T (=MTCC 11059T=JCM 30068T=KCTC 52433T).
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Rickettsia amblyommatis sp. nov., a spotted fever group Rickettsia associated with multiple species of Amblyomma ticks in North, Central and South America
In 1973, investigators isolated a rickettsial organism, designated strain WB-8-2T, from an adult Amblyomma americanum tick collected at Land Between the Lakes National Recreation Area, TN, USA. This organism is now recognized as highly prevalent in A. americanum, as well as several other Amblyomma species found throughout the Western hemisphere. It has been suggested that cross-reactivity to WB-8-2T and similar strains contributes to the increasing number of spotted fever cases reported in the USA. In 1995, investigators provided preliminary evidence that this strain, as well as another strain from Missouri, represented a distinct taxonomic unit within the genus Rickettsia by evaluating sequences of the 16S rRNA and 17 kDa protein genes. However, the bacterium was never formally named, despite the use of the designation ‘ Rickettsia amblyommii’ and later ‘Candidatus Rickettsia amblyommii’, for more than 20 years in the scientific literature. Herein, we provide additional molecular evidence to identify strain WB-8-2T as a representative strain of a unique rickettsial species and present a formal description for the species, with the proposed name modified to Rickettsia amblyommatis sp. nov. to conform to the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes. We also establish a pure culture of strain WB-8-2T and designate it as the type strain for the species. The type strain is WB-8-2T (=CRIRC RAM004T=CSURP2882T).
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Piscinibacterium candidicorallinum gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the order Burkholderiales isolated from a fish pond
More LessA bacterial strain designated LYH-15T was isolated from a freshwater fish pond in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of LYH-15T were Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, motile by means of a single polar flagellum, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate-containing, non-spore forming, straight rods and formed light-coral-colored colonies. Growth occurred at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and with 0–0.5 % NaCl (optimum, 0 %). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that LYH-15T forms a distinct phyletic line within the order Burkholderiales , with less than 94 % sequence similarity to its closest relatives with validly published names. The predominant fatty acids were summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c. The major isoprenoid quinone was Q-8 and the DNA G+C content was 63.8 mol%. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and several uncharacterized lipids. The major polyamines were 2-hydroxyputrescine and putrescine. On the basis of the genotypic and phenotypic data, LYH-15T represents a novel species of a new genus in the order Burkholderiales , for which the name Piscinibacterium candidicorallinum gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LYH-15T (=BCRC 80969T=LMG 29480T=KCTC 52168T).
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Ensifer alkalisoli sp. nov. isolated from root nodules of Sesbania cannabina grown in saline–alkaline soils
Yan Li, Jun Yan, Bing Yu, En Tao Wang, Xiangyue Li, Hui Yan, Wei Liu and Zhihong XieA group of Sesbania cannabina rhizobia belonging to four recA genotypes of a novel group was further characterized in comparison with the related Ensifer species. They showed 98.2 to 99.9 % similarities among themselves and 92.9 to 93.3 % similarities with the most related strain Ensifer sojae CCBAU 05684T in multilocus sequence analysis of recA, atpD and glnII. The genome average nucleotide identity values between representative strain YIC4027T and the type strains of its closely related species were 81.6 to 88.9 %. Identical symbiotic gene (nodA, nodC and nifH) sequences highly similar with those in other Sesbania-nodulating strains ( Rhizobium sp. SIN-1, Neorhizobium huautlense S02T, Ensifer saheli ORS609T and Rhizobium sp. IRBG74) were detected. The representative strain YIC4027T could form effective nodules on its original host Sesbania cannabina, but not on Sophora flavescens, Trifolium repens, Glycine max, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Phaseolus vulgaris or Medicago sativa. The use of lactulose as sole carbon source, possession of C13 : 0 2-OH, C13 : 1 at 12–13, C15 : 1 iso ω9c, C17 : 0 anteiso and C18 : 0 iso and absence of C14 : 0 anteiso, C15 : 0 anteiso and C18 : 0 3-OH in fatty acids distinguished the strain YIC4027T from the type strains of its closely related species. Based on all the analyses mentioned above, we propose a novel species Ensifer alkalisoli sp. nov. and designate YIC4027T (=HAMBI 3655T=LMG 29286T) as the type strain. The genome size of YIC4027T is 5.97 Mbp, comprising 5588 predicted genes, and the DNA G+C content is 62.2 mol%.
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Sphingomonas piscinae sp. nov., isolated from a fish pond
More LessA bacterial strain designated LYH-20T was isolated from a fish pond in Taiwan and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells of strain LYH-20T were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, poly-β-hydroxybutyrate containing, showing straight and rod shaped that were covered by large capsules and formed yellow-coloured colonies. Growth occurred at 15–40 °C (optimum, 30 °C), with 0–1.0 % NaCl (optimum, 0–0.1 %) and at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 8.0–9.0). According to a phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain LYH-20T belonged to the genus Sphingomonas and clustered with Sphingomonas fonticola TNR-2T, with which it shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (97.5 %). The major fatty acids (>10 %) of strain LYH-20T were C18 : 1ω7c and C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 67.5 mol%. The sole isoprenoid quinone was Q-10. The polyamines detected were spermidine, putrescine and homospermidine. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, diphosphatidylglycerol and three uncharacterized phospholipids. The DNA–DNA hybridization value for strain LYH-20T with Sphingomonas fonticola TNR-2T was less than 35 %. Phenotypic characteristics of the novel strain also differed from those of the closest related species of the genus Sphingomonas . On the basis of the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, strain LYH-20T represents a novel species in the genus Sphingomonas , for which the name Sphingomonas piscinae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is LYH-20T (=BCRC 80911T=LMG 29002T=KCTC 42741T).
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Microvirgula curvata sp. nov., isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil, and emended description of the genus Microvirgula
More LessA novel Gram-stain-negative, small curved-rod-shaped, motile strain, designated L6T, was isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soils collected from Kuwait. Strain L6T was able to grow at 10–40 °C (optimum, 27–32 °C), pH 6.1–8.8 (optimum, 6.5–7.5) and 0–4.5 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–0.5). C18 : 1ω6c/C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω6c/C16 : 1ω7c, C12 : 0 and C12 : 0 3-OH were predominant fatty acids with minor amounts of C14 : 0 and C17 : 0 cyclo. Phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine were major polar lipids. The genomic G+C content was 61.2 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons indicated that strain L6T represents a member of the genus Microvirgula within the family Neisseriaceae of the class Betaproteobacteria . Strain L6T has a sequence similarity of 99.2 % with Microvirgula aerodenitrificans SGLY2T and <93.8 % with other members of the family Neisseriaceae . However, strain L6T showed only 56.5±2 % relatedness (based on DNA–DNA hybridization) with M. aerodenitrificans KACC 12055T (=SGLY2T). Distinct morphological, physiological and genotypic differences from the previously described taxa support the classification of strain L6T as a representative of a novel species in the genus Microvirgula , for which the name Microvirgula curvata sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is L6T (=KEMB 2255-471T=JCM 31223T). An emended description of the genus Microvirgula is also proposed.
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Transfer of the potato plant isolates of Pectobacterium wasabiae to Pectobacterium parmentieri sp. nov.
Pectobacterium wasabiae was originally isolated from Japanese horseradish (Eutrema wasabi), but recently some Pectobacterium isolates collected from potato plants and tubers displaying blackleg and soft rot symptoms were also assigned to P. wasabiae . Here, combining genomic and phenotypical data, we re-evaluated their taxonomic position. PacBio and Illumina technologies were used to complete the genome sequences of P. wasabiae CFBP 3304T and RNS 08-42-1A. Multi-locus sequence analysis showed that the P. wasabiae strains RNS 08-42-1A, SCC3193, CFIA1002 and WPP163, which were collected from potato plant environment, constituted a separate clade from the original Japanese horseradish P. wasabiae . The taxonomic position of these strains was also supported by calculation of the in-silico DNA–DNA hybridization, genome average nucleotide indentity, alignment fraction and average nucleotide indentity values. In addition, they were phenotypically distinguished from P. wasabiae strains by producing acids from (+)-raffinose, α-d(+)-α-lactose, d(+)-galactose and (+)-melibiose but not from methyl α-d-glycopyranoside, (+)-maltose or malonic acid. The name Pectobacterium parmentieri sp. nov. is proposed for this taxon; the type strain is RNS 08-42-1AT (=CFBP 8475T=LMG 29774T).
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Idiomarina tyrosinivorans sp. nov., isolated from estuarine surface water
A tyrosine-metabolizing, Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming, curved-rod-shaped, motile (due to monopolar flagellum) marine bacterium, designated strain CC-PW-9T, was isolated from estuarine water off Pingtung, Taiwan. Strain CC-PW-9T not only shared highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities with Idiomarina representatives (96.4–93.4 %, n=26), but also formed a distinct phyletic lineage and coherent phylogenetic cluster associated with those species. Cells of strain CC-PW-9T grew with 6–12 % (w/v) NaCl, at 20–40 °C and at pH 6–9. It produced predominant amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, plus diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, two unidentified phospholipids, an unidentified phosphoglycolipid, two unidentified lipids and an unidentified aminolipid in moderate to trace amounts. Fatty acids such as iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1 ω9c and/or C16 : 010-methyl (summed feature 9) were found in major amounts. The DNA G+C content was 51.1 mol%. Ubiquinone-8 (Q-8) was the sole respiratory quinone. Based on evidence from this polyphasic taxonomic study, strain CC-PW-9T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Idiomarina , affiliated to the family Idiomarinaceae , for which the name Idiomarina tyrosinivorans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-PW-9T (=JCM 19757T=BCRC 80745T).
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Acinetobacter celticus sp. nov., a psychrotolerant species widespread in natural soil and water ecosystems
More LessA novel, taxonomically unique group of six strains of the genus Acinetobacter was discovered during an exploratory study on strains culturable from soil and water natural ecosystems in the Bohemian part of the Czech Republic. Based on the comparative analyses of the 16S rRNA gene, gyrB and rpoB sequences, these strains formed strongly supported and internally coherent clusters (intracluster identities of ≥99.9, ≥96.1 and ≥97.3 %, respectively), which were clearly separated from all known species of the genus Acinetobacter (≤98.7, ≤83.2 and ≤88.9 %, respectively). The distinctness of the group at the species level was evidenced also by the results of the genus-wide analyses of the whole-cell mass fingerprints of the six strains generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight MS and the whole-genome sequence of a group member, ANC 4603T. Compared with the known species of the genus Acinetobacter , all six strains exhibited a unique phenotype, characterized by psychrotolerance (growth at 1 °C through 28 °C), the inability to grow at 32 °C and the ability to assimilate l-aspartate and malonate but not 2,3-butanediol or citrate. Based on these results, the name Acinetobacter celticus sp. nov. is proposed for the taxon represented by the six strains. The type strain is ANC 4603T (=CCM 8700T=CCUG 69239T=CNCTC 7549T).
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Gilvimarinus japonicus sp. nov., a cellulolytic and agarolytic marine bacterium isolated from coastal debris
A cellulolytic and agarolytic bacterial strain, designated 12-2T, was isolated from a piece of cotton rope fragment washed ashore on a beach and was studied phenotypically, genotypically and phylogenetically. Analyses of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences and DNA base composition suggested that the strain is a member of the genus Gilvimarinus . However, levels of 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequence similarity between it and the type strains of Gilvimarinus species were no higher than 97.9 and 78.7 %, respectively, suggesting that the strain is distinct. Moreover, the results of DNA–DNA hybridization experiments and physiological characterization clearly differentiated the strain from its closest neighbours. The strain is therefore considered to represent a novel species of the genus Gilvimarinus , for which the name Gilvimarinus japonicus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 12-2T (=NBRC 111987T=KCTC 52141T).
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Altererythrobacter sediminis sp. nov., isolated from lagoon sediments
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, non-spore-forming, ovoid rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain CAU1172T, was isolated from lagoon sediments along the east coast of the Republic of Korea. Strain CAU1172T formed a yellow pigment on marine agar. Growth occurred at 20–37 °C (optimum, 30 °C), at pH 6.5–10 (optimum, 7.5) and in the presence of 0–4 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 1 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CAU1172T formed a separate lineage within the genus Altererythrobacter , and was most closely related to Altererythrobacter gangjinensis KJ7T (96.1 % similarity). Ubiquinone 10 (Q-10) was the predominant respiratory quinone. The dominant fatty acids were C18 : 1 ω7c, C17 : 1 ω6c and summed feature 3 (comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c). The polar lipids were composed of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, sphingoglycolipid, phospatidylcholine and four unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of strain CAU1172T was 63.2 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain CAU1172T represents a novel species of the genus Altererythrobacter , for which the name Altererythrobacter sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAU1172T (=KCTC 42453T=NBRC 110917T).
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Luteimonas padinae sp. nov., an epiphytic bacterium isolated from an intertidal macroalga
A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, forming yellow colonies and designated CDR SL 15T, was isolated from the surface of Padina sp., a brown macroalga, which grows in the Western coastal regions of the state of Goa, India. The 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogeny placed the strain in the genus Luteimonas and it showed closest sequence similarity to Luteimonas terricola BZ92rT (97.6 %) and <97.0 % to other species of the genus Luteimonas . Chemotaxonomic features, such as having iso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 9 (C16 : 0 10-methyl/iso-C17 : 1ω9c) as the major fatty acids and Q-8 as the only ubiquinone further supported its placement within this genus. There were some critical differences in phenotypic properties between Luteimonas padinae sp. nov. CDR SL 15T and L. terricola DSM 22344T i.e. temperature range for growth and salinity range and optimum for growth ( L. terricola is a psychrotolerant bacterium with a lower optimum temperature for growth), acid production and assimilation of substrates, enzyme activities and resistance to certain antibiotics. The DNA–DNA relatedness value of the novel strain with its closest phylogenetic relative was only 40 %, below the 70 % threshold value recommended for species delineation. All these characteristics are consistent with strain CDR SL 15T representing a novel species of the genus Luteimonas , for which the name Luteimonas padinae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CDR SL 15T (=DSM 101536T=KCTC 52403T).
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Identification and taxonomic characterization of Bordetella pseudohinzii sp. nov. isolated from laboratory-raised mice
Bordetella hinzii is known to cause respiratory disease in poultry and has been associated with a variety of infections in immunocompromised humans. In addition, there are several reports of B. hinzii infections in laboratory-raised mice. Here we sequenced and analysed the complete genome sequences of multiple B. hinzii -like isolates, obtained from vendor-supplied C57BL/6 mice in animal research facilities on different continents, and we determined their taxonomic relationship to other Bordetella species. The whole-genome based and 16S rRNA gene based phylogenies each identified two separate clades in B. hinzii , one was composed of strains isolated from poultry, humans and a rabbit whereas the other clade was restricted to isolates from mice. Distinctly different estimated DNA–DNA hybridization values, average nucleotide identity scores, gene content, metabolic profiles and host specificity all provide compelling evidence for delineation of the two species, B. hinzii – from poultry, humans and rabbit – and Bordetella pseudohinzii sp. nov. type strain 8-296-03T (=NRRL B-59942T=NCTC 13808T) that infect mice.
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Arsenicitalea aurantiaca gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Hyphomicrobiaceae, isolated from high-arsenic sediment
A novel arsenic-resistant bacterium, designated 42-50T, was isolated from the high-arsenic sediment of Jianghan Plain, Hubei Province, China. Phylogenetic and biochemical analysis indicated that this bacterium represents the first species of a novel genus belonging to the family Hyphomicrobiaceae . The 16S rRNA gene of strain 42-50T shares 96.3–94.2, 96.3, 96.2 and 94.9–93.8 % sequence identities to those of species from the genera Devosia , Youhaiella , Paradevosia and Pelagibacterium , respectively. The major cellular fatty acids are C16 : 0, C18 : 0, C18 : 1 ω7c 11-methyl and summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1 ω7c and C18 : 1 ω6c). The predominant polar lipids are diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified glycolipids. The predominant respiratory quinone is ubiquinone-10 (Q-10). The DNA G+C content of strain 42-50T is 73.7 mol%. The distinct phylogenetic lineage and unique cellular fatty acids suggest that strain 42-50T represents a novel species of a new genus affiliated with the family Hyphomicrobiaceae , for which the name Arsenicitalea aurantiaca gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 42-50T (=CCTCC AB 2014325T=KCTC 42825T).
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Sphingomonas lutea sp. nov., isolated from freshwater of an artificial reservoir
More LessAn aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, gliding and yellow-pigmented bacterium, designated strain JS5T, was isolated from freshwater of Juam reservoir, Republic of Korea. Cells were catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. The neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain JS5T forms an independent lineage within the genus Sphingomonas . Strain JS5T was related distantly to ‘ Sphingomonas parvus ’ GP20-2 (98.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Sphingomonas sediminicola Dae 20T (96.8 %) and Sphingomonas daechungensis CH15-11T (96.7 %). The major fatty acids of strain JS5T were C16 : 0, summed feature 3 comprising C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c and summed feature 8 comprising C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c. The predominant isoprenoid quinone of the isolate was ubiquinone-10. The DNA G+C content of strain JS5T was 65 mol%. Phenotypic characteristics distinguished strain JS5T from related species of the genus Sphingomonas . On the basis of the evidence presented in this study, a novel species, Sphingomonas lutea sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate strain JS5T (=KCTC 23642T=JCM 18309T).
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Tropicimonas arenosa sp. nov., isolated from marine sand
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated CAU 1062T, was isolated from marine sand in Jeju island, Republic of Korea and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. CAU 1062T grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 8 in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that CAU 1062T formed a distinct lineage within the genus Tropicimonas and was the most closely related to Tropicimonas sediminicola M97T (similarity 96.11 %). The strain had ubiquinone-10 (Q-10) as the predominant respiratory quinone and C18 : 1ω7c as the major cellular fatty acid. The polar lipid pattern of CAU 1062T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, an aminolipid, six phospholipids and five lipids. The DNA G+C content was 65.7 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, CAU 1062T represents a novel species of the genus Tropicimonas , for which the name Tropicimonas arenosa sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CAU 1062T (=KCTC 52178T=NBRC 111995T).
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Marinomonas blandensis sp. nov., a novel marine gammaproteobacterium
A novel Gram-staining-negative, chemoorganotrophic, moderately halophilic, strictly aerobic bacterium, strain MED121T, was isolated from a seawater sample collected at the Blanes Bay Microbial Observatory in the north-western Mediterranean Sea. Analysis of its 16S rRNA gene sequence, retrieved from the whole-genome sequence, showed that this bacterium was most closely related to Marinomonas dokdonensis and other Marinomonas species (96.3 and 93.3–95.7 % sequence similarities, respectively), within the family Oceanospirillaceae . Strain MED121T was included into a whole-genome sequencing study and, subsequently, it was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. It was found to be oxidase and catalase positive, its cells are cocci to short rods, it does not ferment carbohydrates and does not reduce nitrate to nitrite or gas and it requires at least 2.5 % (w/v) marine salts and tolerates up to 7 % (w/v) salts. Its major cellular fatty acids in order of abundance are C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0 and C10 : 0 3-OH. Its genome had an approximate length of 5.1 million bases and a DNA G+C content equal to 40.9 mol%. Analysis of the annotated genes reveals the capacity for the synthesis of ubiquinone 8 (Q8) and the polar lipids phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine, in agreement with other members of the genus. All the data collected supported the creation of a novel species to accommodate this bacterium, for which the name Marinomonas blandensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MED121T (=CECT 7076T=LMG 29722T).
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Primorskyibacter aestuariivivens sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat, and emended description of the genus Primorskyibacter
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming, motile and coccoid, ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated OITF-36T, was isolated from a tidal flat in Oido, an island of South Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain OITF-36T grew optimally at 30 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Neighbour-joining and maximum-parsimony phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain OITF-36T clustered with the type strains of Primorskyibacter sedentarius and Primorskyibacter insulae , showing 97.4–97.6 % sequence similarity. It exhibited sequence similarity values of less than 96.9 % to the type strains of the other recognized species. Strain OITF-36T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and C18 : 1 ω7c as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids detected in strain OITF-36T were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain OITF-36T was 61.8 mol%, and its mean DNA–DNA relatedness values with the type strains of P . sedentarius and P . insulae were 16–24 %. The differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain OITF-36T is separate from P . sedentarius and P . insulae . On the basis of the data presented, strain OITF-36T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Primorskyibacter , for which the name Primorskyibacter aestuariivivens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OITF-36T (=KCTC 52455T=NBRC 112419T).
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- Eukaryotic micro-organisms
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Apiotrichum terrigenum sp. nov., a soil-associated yeast found in both the UK and mainland Europe
Five arthroconidium-producing yeast strains representing a novel Trichosporon-like species were independently isolated from the UK, Hungary and Norway. Two strains (Bio4T and Bio21) were isolated from biogas reactors used for processing grass silage, with a third strain (S8) was isolated from soil collected at the same UK site. Two additional strains were isolated in mainland Europe, one from soil in Norway (NCAIM Y.02175) and the other from sewage in Hungary (NCAIM Y.02176). Sequence analyses of the D1/D2 domains of the LSU rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region indicated that the novel species belongs to the recently reinstated genus Apiotrichum and is most closely related to Apiotrichum scarabaeorum, a beetle-associated species first found in South Africa. Despite having similar physiological characteristics, the two species can be readily distinguished from one another by ITS sequencing. The species name Apiotrichum terrigenum sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate these strains, with Bio4T (=CBS 11373T=NCYC 3540T) designated as the type strain. The Mycobank deposit number is MB817431.
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Kockovaella libkindii sp. nov., a yeast species isolated from water tanks of bromeliad
During a study of yeast community associated with water tanks (phytotelmata) of the bromeliad Vriesea minarum, two strains of a novel stalk-forming yeast species were found. The sequences of the region spanning the ITS and D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene showed that this species belongs to the genus Kockovaella. The novel species differs by 14 or more nucleotide substitutions in the D1/D2 domains and by 26 or more substitutions in the ITS–5.8S region from all other Kockovaella species. We describe this species as Kockovaella libkindii sp. nov. The type strain of Kockovaella libkindii sp. nov. is UFMG-CM-Y6053T (=UFMG-BRO-488T=CBS 12685T). The MycoBank number is MB 817710.
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Volumes and issues
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