- Volume 67, Issue 7, 2017
Volume 67, Issue 7, 2017
- New Taxa
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- Proteobacteria
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Aliidiomarina sedimenti sp. nov., a haloalkaliphilic bacterium in the family Idiomarinaceae
A novel Gram-staining-negative straight or curved rod-shaped, moderately halophilic and alkaliphilic bacterium, designated strain GBSy1T, was isolated from a sediment sample from the coastal-marine wetland Gomishan in Iran. GBSy1T was motile, and formed non-pigmented, mucoid colonies. Growth occurred with between 1 and 15 % (w/v) NaCl and the isolate grew optimally with 5 % (w/v) NaCl. The optimum pH and temperature for growth were 8.5 and 34 °C, while the strain was able to grow at pH 7.0–10 and 4–40 °C. On the basis of the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, GBSy1T was shown to represent a member of the genus Aliidiomarina within the class Gammaproteobacteria , family Idiomarinaceae and showed closest phylogenetic similarity to Aliidiomarina marisCF12–14T (97.7 %). The DNA G+C content of GBSy1T was 51.2 mol%. The cells of GBSy1T contained the isoprenoid ubiquinones Q-8, Q-9 and Q-10 (92, 2 and 2 %, respectively). The major cellular fatty acids of the isolate were iso-C11 : 0 3-OH, iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 1ω9c and its polar lipid profile comprised phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and three unknown phospholipids. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between GBSy1T and Aliidiomarina maris DSM 22154T was 31 %. All these features confirmed the placement of GBSy1T within the genus Aliidiomarina . On the basis of evidence from this study, a novel species of the genus Aliidiomarina , Aliidiomarina sedimenti sp. nov., is proposed, with GBSy1T (=IBRC-M 10764T=CECT 8340T) as the type strain.
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Rhizobium arenae sp. nov., isolated from the sand of Desert Mu Us, China
A Gram-strain-negative, rod-shaped, motile bacterium, designated MIM27T, was isolated from the sand of the Mu Us Desert, PR China. The strain could grow at 4–45 °C (optimum, 37 °C), at pH 6.6–9.0 (optimum, 8.0) and in the presence of 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0 % in RNA liquid medium). The results of phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain represented a member of the genus Rhizobium , with the highest similarity (96.5 %) to Rhizobium pakistanense BN-19T. The results of analysis of the sequences of the nitrogen fixation gene nifH and three housekeeping genes, recA, atpD and glnII, also indicated that MIM27T was most closely related to the species of the genus Rhizobium with validly published names but the similarities were low (≤90.7 %). MIM27T did not form nodules on Pisum sativum, Vicia faba, Astragalus sinicus and Phaseolus vulgaris. The major respiratory quinone of MIM27T was Q-10. The genomic DNA G+C content was 59.8 mol%. Major fatty acids of MIM27T were summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c), C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl, C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and summed feature 2 (C12 : 0 aldehyde and/or unknown ECL 10.9525). On the basis of the physiological, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data, MIM27T is suggested to represent a novel species of the genus Rhizobium, for which the name Rhizobium arenae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MIM27T (=KCTC 52299T=MCCC 1K03215T).
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Thioclava nitratireducens sp. nov., isolated from surface seawater
More LessA bacterial strain, designated 25B10_4T, was isolated from surface seawater of the Bering Sea and characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells of strain 25B10_4T were Gram-stain-negative, motile and short-rod-shaped. Growth was observed at 10–43 °C (optimum 28 °C), at pH 6–9 (optimum pH 7) and with 0–12 % NaCl (optimum 3–4 %, w/v). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 25B10_4T formed an independent branch within the genus Thioclava , sharing high similarities with four related type strains, Thioclava atlantica 13D2W-2T (98.9 %), Thioclava pacifica TL 2T (98.5 %), Thioclava dalianensis DLFJ1-1T (98.4 %) and Thioclava indica DT23-4T (96.9 %), and low similarities (less than 96.5 %) with other type strains within the family Rhodobacteraceae . The major fatty acid was identified as summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c and/or C18 : 1ω7c). The quinone was Q-10. The polar lipids comprised phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, glycolipid and five unidentified phospholipids. The DNA G+C content was 63.8 mol%. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization and average nucleotide identity values between strain 25B10_4T and the four above-mentioned type strains were, respectively, 20.5–25.7 % and 77.8–82.4 %. The phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses clearly indicated that strain 25B10_4T represents a novel species within the genus Thioclava , for which the name Thioclava nitratireducens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 25B10_4T (=MCCC 1A07302T=LMG 29614T).
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Proposal to reclassify Ehrlichia muris as Ehrlichia muris subsp. muris subsp. nov. and description of Ehrlichia muris subsp. eauclairensis subsp. nov., a newly recognized tick-borne pathogen of humans
We have previously described a novel taxon of the genus Ehrlichia (type strain WisconsinT), closely related to Ehrlichia muris , that causes human ehrlichiosis among patients with exposures to ticks in the upper midwestern USA. DNA from this bacterium was also detected in Ixodes scapularis and Peromyscus leucopus collected in Minnesota and Wisconsin. To determine the relationship between the E. muris -like agent (EMLA) and other species of the genus Ehrlichia phenotypic, genotypic and epidemiologic comparisons were undertaken, including sequence analysis of eight gene loci (3906 nucleotides) for 39 EMLA DNA samples and the type strain of E. muris AS145T. Three loci were also sequenced from DNA of nine strains of E. muris from mouse spleens from Japan. All sequences from E. muris were distinct from homologous EMLA sequences, but differences between them were less than those observed among other species of the genus Ehrlichia . Phenotypic comparison of EMLA and E. muris revealed similar culture and electron microscopic characteristics, but important differences were noted in their geographic distribution, ecological associations and behavior in mouse models of infection. Based on these comparisons, we propose that type strain WisconsinT represents a novel subspecies, Ehrlichia muris subsp. eauclairensis,subsp. nov. This strain is available through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Rickettsial Isolate Reference Collection (CRIRC EMU002T) and through the Collection de Souches de l’Unité des Rickettsies (CSURP2883 T). The subspecies Ehrlichia muris subsp. muris subsp. nov. is automatically created and the type strain AS145T is also available through the same collections (CRIRC EMU001T, CSUR E2T). Included is an emended description of E. muris .
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Acinetobacter colistiniresistens sp. nov. (formerly genomic species 13 sensu Bouvet and Jeanjean and genomic species 14 sensu Tjernberg and Ursing), isolated from human infections and characterized by intrinsic resistance to polymyxins
More LessStrains of the genus Acinetobacter , classified as genomic species 13BJ/14TU have been previously associated with human infections and resistance to colistin. To clarify the taxonomy of this provisional group, we investigated 24 strains that have been isolated from humans since the 1960s in 10 countries. The genus-wide analysis of the rpoB and gyrB sequences of all strains and whole-genome sequences of strains representing different rpoB/gyrB genotypes showed that the 24 strains formed a distinct monophyletic group within the so-called haemolytic clade of the genus Acinetobacter . The distinctness of the group at the species level was supported by the results of the cluster analysis of the whole-cell protein fingerprints generated by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight MS. The 24 strains had very similar metabolic features and could be distinguished from other members of the genus by the combination of strong haemolytic and proteolytic activities and the ability to oxidize d-glucose and grow on phenylacetate and/or l-phenylalanine. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the 24 strains to colistin and polymyxin B ranged from 16 to 64 mgl−1 and from 4 to 32 mgl−1, respectively, so uniformly reaching the current clinical resistance breakpoint (4 mg l−1) for these drugs. Genus-wide comparison revealed that such a consistently high level of resistance to polymyxins is a unique feature among species of the genus Acinetobacter, which occur in humans. We conclude that genomic species 13BJ/14TU represents a biologically meaningful and medically relevant species, for which the name Acinetobacter colistiniresistens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NIPH 2036T (=CCM 8641T=CIP 110478T=CCUG 67966T=CNCTC 7573T).
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Phaeobacter porticola sp. nov., an antibiotic-producing bacterium isolated from a sea harbour
More LessThree heterotrophic, aerobic, brown-pigmented strains, designated P97T, P100 and P104, were isolated from a harbour in the southern North Sea. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the isolates are affiliated to the genus Phaeobacter . In silico DNA–DNA hybridization of the genome of strain P97T against those of existing type species indicated that P97T represents a novel species within the genus Phaeobacter , with Phaeobacter inhibens T5T as the closest described organism (29.6 % DNA–DNA relatedness) followed by P. gallaeciensis CIP 105210T (26.4 %). DNA–DNA hybridization demonstrated that the three new strains belong to the same species. The new isolates inhibited Pseudoalteromonas tunicata DSM 14096T, and were Gram-stain-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, chemo-organoheterotrophic and motile. Growth occurred at pH 6.5–9.5 (optimum 7.0–8.0) and at 4–30 °C (optimum 20–28 °C). The strains required NaCl for growth. The salinity range was 0.5–6.0 % (w/v) NaCl for P97T and P100, and 0.5–5.0 % for P104, lower than values described for Phaeobacter gallaeciensis and Phaeobacter inhibens . The optimum NaCl concentration for strains P97T and P104 was 2.0–4.0 %, and for P100 was 2.0–3.0 %. Fatty acids (>1 %) comprised 18 : 1ω7c, 16 : 0, 18 : 1 ω7c 11-methyl, 18 : 0, 12 :1, 18 : 2ω7c,12, 10 : 0 3-OH and 12 : 0 3-OH. Polar lipids were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an aminolipid, one unknown lipid and one additional unknown lipid in strain P97T. The major respiratory quinone was Q10. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic differences, the strains represent a novel species in the genus Phaeobacter , for which the name Phaeobacter porticola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P97T (=DSM 103148T=LMG 29594T).
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Sphingomonas spermidinifaciens sp. nov., a novel bacterium containing spermidine as the major polyamine, isolated from an abandoned lead–zinc mine and emended descriptions of the genus Sphingomonas and the species Sphingomonas yantingensis and Sphingomonas japonica
More LessA yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated 9NM-10T, was isolated from an abandoned lead–zinc mine in Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China. Cells were strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative and motile with a polar monotrichous flagellum. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 9NM-10T belongs to the genus Sphingomonas and was most closely related to Sphingomonas yantingensis JCM 19201T and Sphingomonas japonica JCM 15438T. DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain 9NM-10T and these two type strains were 43.6±1.3 and 35.4±0.9 %, respectively. It contained Q-10 as the predominant respiratory quinone and the major cellular fatty acids were C18 : 1ω7c, C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω6c and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 9NM-10T was 68.7±0.2 mol%. The polar lipids were sphingoglycolipid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. Strain 9NM-10T contained spermidine as the major polyamine. On the basis of phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic analyses, strain 9NM-10T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Sphingomonas , for which the name Sphingomonas spermidinifaciens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 9NM-10T (=GDMCC 1.657T=DSM 27571T). Descriptions of the genus of Sphingomonas and the species Sphingomonas yantingensis and Sphingomonas japonica were also emended in this study.
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Cysteiniphilum litorale gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from coastal seawater
A taxonomic study was performed on strain SYSU D3-2T, isolated from coastal seawater near the estuary of Pearl River in southern China. The strain was observed to be Gram-reaction-negative, non-motile and non-spore-forming. Cells were found to be of coccobacilli shape. Chemotaxonomic analysis of the plasma membrane revealed ubiquinone-8 as the respiratory quinone, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid, an unidentified aminophospholipid and an unidentified phospholipid as the polar lipids, and anteiso-C15 : 0, C18 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 as the major fatty acids (>10 % of total fatty acids). Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SYSU D3-2T shared maximum similarities with Caedibacter taeniospiralis 51T (92.3 %) and Fangia hongkongensis UST040201-002T (90.6 %), while sharing 85.8–90.0 % similarity with species of the genera Allofrancisella and Francisella . Phylogenetic dendrograms based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain clustered within the family Francisellaceae , but formed a separate lineage closely linked to Caedibacter taeniospiralis 51T and F. hongkongensis UST040201-002T. Based on the findings of the polyphasic taxonomic study, strain SYSU D3-2T is proposed to be recognized as a representative of a novel species of a new genus within the order Thiotrichales , with the name Cysteiniphilum litorale gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of the type species is SYSU D3-2T (=NBRC 112441T=DSM 101832T=KCTC 52386T=CGMCC 1.15758T).
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Bombella apis sp. nov., an acetic acid bacterium isolated from the midgut of a honey bee
More LessAs part of a study to investigate the microbial diversity in the intestine of Apis mellifera, we isolated strain MRM1T from the midgut. MRM1T was a Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-motile, non-spore forming and rod-shaped bacteria. Creamy beige-coloured colonies were circular with entire margins in Lactobacilli MRS agar. The strain grew at 25–37 °C (optimum, 30–37 °C) and at a pH range of 4.0 to 9.0 (optimum pH, 7.0–8.5). The strain tolerated 0–1 % (w/v) NaCl (optimal growth occurred in the absence of NaCl). On the basis of the results of a phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences, we determined that MRM1T represents a member of the genus Bombella with the highest sequence similarity to Bombella intestini LMG 28161T (98.8 %). The major quinone was Q10, and dominant fatty acids (>10 %) were C19 : 0cyclo ω8c (33.6 %), C16 : 0 (22.2 %), C18 : 1ω7c (15.9 %) and C14 : 0 (12.5 %). The polar lipid profile of MRM1T included diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, one unidentified phospholipid and four unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of MRM1T was 59.5 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, MRM1T represents a novel species of the genus Bombella , for which the name Bombella apis sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain MRM1T (=KCTC 52452T=JCM 31623T).
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Roseobacter ponti sp. nov., isolated from seawater
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, coccoid to oval-shaped and non-motile bacterial strain, designated MM-7T, was isolated from seawater of the Yellow Sea, South Korea, and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain MM-7T grew optimally at pH 7.0–8.0, at 25 °C and in the presence of 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl. A neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain MM-7T joins the branch comprising the species of the genus Roseobacter , clustering with the type strains of Roseobacter litoralis and Roseobacter denitrificans , with which it exhibited 97.9 and 96.8 % sequence similarity values, respectively. The DNA G+C content of strain MM-7T was determined to be 60.8 mol%, and its mean DNA–DNA relatedness values with Rsb. litoralis JCM 21268T was 10.3±0.4 %. Strain MM-7T contained Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) as the major fatty acid. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminolipid and an unidentified lipid. Differential phenotypic properties, together with the phylogenetic distinctiveness, demonstrated that strain MM-7T is distinguishable from other species of the genus Roseobacter . On the basis of the data presented, strain MM-7T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Roseobacter , for which the name Roseobacter ponti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MM-7T (=KCTC 52469T=NBRC 112431T).
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Thalassotalea crassostreae sp. nov., isolated from Pacific oyster
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated LPB0090T, was isolated from the Pacific oyster, Crassostreagigas, collected from the Yeongheung Island, Korea (37° 15′ 16.1″ N; 126° 29′ 46.5″ E). The complete genome sequence of LPB0090T (accession number CP017689) was 3 861 670 bp long with a DNA G+C content of 38.8 mol%. The genome included 3245 protein-coding genes and six copies of rRNA operons. On the basis of the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, LPB0090T was found to form an independent phyletic line within the genus Thalassotalea , with 94.7–96.0 % sequence similarities to the previously known species of the genus. The isoprenoid quinone (Q-8) and major fatty acids (C16 : 0, C17 : 1 ω8c, and C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) of the isolate were similar to those of the other members of the genus Thalassotalea . A number of phenotypic features, however, distinguished LPB0090T from its closest neighbour Thalassotalea ponticola as well as other species of the genus Thalassotalea . On the basis of the phylogenetic, genomic and phenotypic data presented in this study, the strain was classified as representing a novel species of the genus Thalassotalea . Therefore, the name Thalassotalea crassostreae sp. nov. is proposed for the isolate. The type strain is LPB0090T (=KACC 18695T=JCM 31189T).
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Paucibacter oligotrophus sp. nov., isolated from fresh water, and emended description of the genus Paucibacter
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, non-spore forming, motile and strictly oxidative bacterium, strain CHU3T, was isolated from fresh water in the Daecheong Reservoir, South Korea. A comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that the novel bacterium is closely related to Paucibacter toxinivorans 2C20T (=KCTC 42569T) with a sequence similarity value of 97.8 %, Pelomonas saccharophila DSM 654T (=KCTC 52256T) with 97.4 % similarity and Pelomonas aquatica CCUG 52575T (=KCTC 42961T) with 97.3 % similarity, respectively. The major fatty acids (>10 %) of the isolate were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. Ubiquinone-8 was detected as the respiratory quinone. The polar lipids contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine and an unidentified aminolipid. The DNA G+C content was 62.5 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization experiments with Paucibacter toxinivorans KCTC 42569T (=2C20T), Pelomonas saccharophila KCTC 52256T (=DSM 654T) and Pelomonas aquatica KCTC 42961T (=CCUG 52575T) resulted in relatedness values of 20 % (reciprocal 11 %), 16 % (reciprocal 17 %) and 15 % (reciprocal 19 %), respectively. The phylogenetic analysis, DNA–DNA hybridization value, polar lipids, fatty acid composition and other physiological characteristics confirmed that strain CHU3T represents a novel species in the genus Paucibacter for which the name Paucibacter oligotrophus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CHU3T (=KCTC 42519T=CICC 24092T). An emended description of the genus Paucibacter is also proposed on the basis of new data obtained in this study.
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Bradyrhizobium cajani sp. nov. isolated from nodules of Cajanus cajan
Two slow-growing strains, AMBPC1010T and AMBPC1011, were isolated from nodules of Cajanus cajan in the Dominican Republic. 16S rRNA gene analysis placed these strains within the genus Bradyrhizobium , being phylogenetically equidistant to several species of this genus. Analysis of the recA and atpD genes showed that the strains isolated belong to a cluster containing the strains Bradyrhizobium ottawaense OO99T, ‘ Bradyrhizobium americanum' CMVU44 and Bradyrhizobium daqingense CCBAU 15774T, and presented similarity values lower than 96 % for both genes with respect to the strains nodulating C. cajan. DNA–DNA hybridization analysis showed averages of 36, 40 and 39 % relatedness with respect to the representative strains of Bradyrhizobium ottawaense , ‘ Bradyrhizobium americanum' and Bradyrhizobium daqingense , respectively. Phenotypic characteristics also differed from those of the most closely related species of the genus Bradyrhizobium . Therefore, based on the data obtained in this study, we propose to classify the strains AMBPC1010T (=LMG 29967T=CECT 9227T) and AMBPC1011 into a novel species named Bradyrhizobium cajani sp. nov.
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Paraglaciecola hydrolytica sp. nov., a bacterium with hydrolytic activity against multiple seaweed-derived polysaccharides
A novel bacterial strain, S66T, was isolated from eelgrass collected on the coastline of Zealand, Denmark. Polyphasic analyses involving phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic methods were used to characterize strain S66T. The strain was Gram-reaction-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic, and displayed growth at 10–25 °C (optimum 20–25 °C) and at pH 7–9 (optimum pH 7.5). Furthermore, strain S66T grew on seaweed polysaccharides agar, agarose, porphyran, κ-carrageenan, alginate and laminarin as sole carbon sources. Major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and C18 : 1ω7c. The respiratory quinone was determined to be Q-8, and major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content was determined to be 42.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene and GyrB sequence comparisons showed that the bacterium was affiliated with the genus Paraglaciecola within the family Alteromonadaceae of the class Gammaproteobacteria . The percentage similarity between the 16S rRNA gene and GyrB sequences of strain S66T and other members of the genus Paraglaciecola were 94–95 % and 84–85 %, respectively. Based on the genome sequence of S66T, the average nucleotide identity (ANI) between strain S66T and other members of the genus Paraglaciecola was 77–80 %, and DNA–DNA hybridization prediction showed values of less than 24 % relatedness, respectively, between S66T and other species of the genus Paraglaciecola . The phenotypic, phylogenetic and genomic analyses support the hypothesis that strain S66T represents a novel species of the genus Paraglaciecola , for which the name Paraglaciecola hydrolytica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S66T (=LMG 29457T=NCIMB 15060T=DSM 102834T).
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Thalassotalea litorea sp. nov., isolated from seashore sand
More LessA novel Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped marine bacterium, designated strain HMF4135T, was isolated from a sand sample which was collected from the seashore of the South Sea, Republic of Korea. It required NaCl for growth and exhibited optimal growth at 30 °C, with 2 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 7–8. Cellular fatty acids were dominated by C16 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 1ω9c and C12 : 0 3-OH. The predominant isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). Polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The DNA G+C content was 41.9 mol%. Phylogeny based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain HMF4135T formed a distinct species-level lineage within the genus Thalassotalea of the class Gammaproteobacteria and was most closely related to Thalassotalea ponticola GJSW-36T (96.4 % similarity). Based on the distinctive phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, it is concluded that strain HMF4135T represents a novel species of the genus Thalassotalea , for which the name Thalassotalea litorea sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HMF4135T (=KCTC 52154T=NBRC 112672T).
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Perlucidibaca aquatica sp. nov., isolated from fresh water
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, non-pigmented, strictly aerobic and rod-shape bacterium, designated BK296T, was isolated from stream water originating from a limestone cave in Samcheok, Korea. Optimal growth of strain BK296T was observed at 30 °C, pH 7.0–8.0 and without NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BK296T belonged to the genus Perlucidibaca , forming a robust clade with a member of the genus, and was most closely related to Perlucidibaca piscinae (97.8 %). The average nucleotide identity value between strain BK296T and Perlucidibaca piscinae IMCC1704T was 79.8 %, and the genome-to-genome distance was 17.5 % on mean. The G+C content of the DNA of strain BK296T was 55.7 mol%. The major fatty acids were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0, C12 : 0 3-OH and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c). The major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone Q-8. On the basis of phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic analyses, strain BK296T (=KCTC 52162T=JCM 31377T) represents a novel species of the genus Perlucidibaca , for which the name Perlucidibaca aquatica sp. nov. is proposed.
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Mesorhizobium helmanticense sp. nov., isolated from Lotus corniculatus nodules
In this study, three strains belonging to the genus Mesorhizobium , CSLC115NT, CSLC19N and CSLC37N, isolated from Lotus corniculatus nodules in Spain, were characterized. Their 16S rRNA gene sequences were closely related to those of Mesorhizobium metallidurans STM 2683T, Mesorhizobium tianshanense A-1BST, Mesorhizobium tarimense CCBAU 83306T, Mesorhizobium gobiense CCBAU 83330T and Mesorhizobium caraganae CCBAU 11299T with similarity values higher than 99.7 %. The analysis of concatenated recA and glnII genes showed that the most closely related type strains were M. metallidurans STM 2683T, M. tianshanense A-1BST and M. tarimense CCBAU 83306T with 96, 95 and 94 % similarity values in the recA gene and 95, 94 and 94 % in the glnII gene, respectively. M. metallidurans LMG 24485T, M. tianshanense USDA 3592T and M. tarimense LMG 24338T showed means of 44, 41 and 42 % DNA–DNA relatedness, respectively, with respect to strain CSLC115NT. The major fatty acids were those from summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c), C16 : 0 and C18 : 1ω7c 11-methyl. The results of phenotypic characterization support that the L. corniculatus nodulating strains analysed in this work belong to a novel species of the genus Mesorhizobium for which the name Mesorhizobium helmanticense sp. nov. is proposed, and the type strain is CSLC115NT (= LMG 29734T=CECT 9168T).
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Rhizobium zeae sp. nov., isolated from maize (Zea mays L.) roots
More LessA bacterial strain designated CRZM18RT was isolated from a root of Zea mays in Spain. The analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that this strain belongs to the genus Rhizobium , with Rhizobium cellulosilyticum ALA10B2T and Rhizobium yantingense H66T being the most closely related species with 98.3 and 97.9 % sequence similarity, respectively. The analysis of the concatenated recA and atpD genes showed that strain CRZM18RT forms a cluster with these species and also with Rhizobium smilacinae PTYR-5T, but the recA and atpD genes of strain CRZM18RT were phylogenetically distant, with identities lower than 90 and 96 %, respectively. DNA–DNA hybridization analysis showed mean relatedness of 43, 22 and 38 % with respect to R. cellulosilyticum ALA10B2T, R. yantingense LMG 28229T and R. smilacinae LMG 27604T. Phenotypic characteristics also differed from those of the most closely related species of the genus Rhizobium . The major fatty acids were those from summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω6c/C18 : 1ω7c) and C16 : 0. Based on the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic data obtained in this study, we propose to classify strain CRZM18RT in a novel species named Rhizobium zeae sp. nov. (type strain CRZM18RT=LMG 29735T=CECT 9169T).
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Description of a phototrophic bacterium, Thiorhodococcus alkaliphilus sp. nov.
Strain JA878T was purified from a photoheterotrophic enrichment obtained from a sediment sample of a brown pond near Nari Salt Pan, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India. Cells of the isolate were coccoid, motile by means of single polar flagellum and Gram-stain-negative. The internal photosynthetic membrane architecture was vesicular. Strain JA878T contained bacteriochlorophyll a and spirilloxanthin series of carotenoids with rhodopin (>85 %) as the major component. Strain JA878T grew optimally at pH 10–11, and had no requirement for NaCl (tolerated up to 6 %, w/v) or vitamins for growth. C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c and C16 : 0 were identified as the major fatty acids (>10 %). Phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, aminophospholipid and an unknown polar lipid were identified. Q8 was the predominant quinone system in strain JA878T. The DNA G+C content was 62.4 mol%. Highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity through EzTaxon-based blast analysis of strain JA878T was found with the type strains of Thiorhodococcus fuscus (99 %), Thiorhodococcus kakinadensis (98.6 %), Thiohalobacter thiocyanaticus (98.4 %), Thiophaeococcus fuscus (97.3 %) and other members of the class Gammaproteobacteria (<97.3 %), revealing a close affiliation to the genera Thiorhodococcus , Thiohalobacter and Thiophaeococcus . However, the phylogenetic treeing firmly placed the strain in the genus Thiorhodococcus . Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic evidence supported the affiliation of strain JA878T to the genus Thiorhodococcus and not to Thiohalobacter , Thiophaeococcus or other known genera of Chromatiaceae . Distinct physiological, genotypic and chemotaxonomic differences indicate that strain JA878T represents a novel species of the genus Thiorhodococcus , for which the name Thiorhodococcus alkaliphilus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is JA878T (=KCTC 15531T=JCM 31245T).
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Proposal for transfer of Oceanibulbus indolifex Wagner-Döbler et al. 2004 to the genus Sulfitobacter as Sulfitobacter indolifex comb. nov.
More LessA polyphasic taxonomic study was undertaken to clarify the exact position of type strain HEL-45T of Oceanibulbusindolifex Wagner-Döbler et al. 2004. A combination of physiological properties of HEL-45T were similar to those of its closest relatives, Sulfitobacterdelicatus KMM 3584T and Sulfitobacterdubius KMM 3554T. The results of 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis indicated that HEL-45T and the two relatives shared 99.6 % similarity and formed a coherent cluster in the phylogenetic tree. The close relationship between HEL-45T and the two relatives was underpinned by the results for chemotaxonomic characters, including the fatty acids, quinone and polar lipids. The digital DNA–DNA hybridization values and between HEL-45T and the two relatives were 25.9 and 31.6 %, respectively, which were well below the 70 % threshold value recommended for delineation of bacterial species. The comparative phenotypic and genotypic analyses supported the incorporation of Oceanibulbusindolifex into the genus Sulfitobacter as Sulfitobacter indolifex comb. nov.; the type strain is HEL-45T (=MCCC 1A11773T=DSM 14862T=NCIMB 13983T).
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