- Volume 67, Issue 10, 2017
Volume 67, Issue 10, 2017
- Notification List
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- New taxa
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- Actinobacteria
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Proposal of 'Candidatus Frankia californiensis', the uncultured symbiont in nitrogen-fixing root nodules of a phylogenetically broad group of hosts endemic to western North America
The genus Frankia comprises a group of nitrogen-fixing actinobacteria that form root-nodule symbioses with perennial dicotyledonous plants in the nitrogen-fixing clade. These bacteria have been characterized phylogenetically and grouped into four clusters (clusters 1–4). Cluster 2 contains mostly uncultured strains that induce nodules on species of the genera Datisca (Datiscaceae), Coriaria (Coriariaceae), Ceanothus (Rhamnaceae) and several genera in the family Rosaceae (Cercocarpus, Chamaebatia, Dryas, Purshia), all of which except members of the genus Coriaria are present within the California Floristic Province (CFP) or neighbouring areas of western North America. Those strains occurring in western North America are genetically very closely related to one another, and genetically distinct from strains characterized from other locales. We hereby propose to create a 'Candidatus Frankia californiensis' species for those cluster 2 strains of the genus Frankia with both high genetic similarity and a geographical distribution in or near the CFP.
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Nocardioides agrisoli sp. nov., isolated from farmland soil
More LessA novel Gram-stain-positive bacterium, designated djl-8T, was isolated from farmland soil in Nanjing, Jiangsu province, PR China. Cells of strain djl-8T were aerobic, non-motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped. The organism grew at 25–37 °C, pH 5.5–8.0 and 0.5–4.0 % NaCl (w/v). The DNA G+C content was 69.3 mol%. The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was LL-2, 6-diaminopimelic acid. The major fatty acids (>5 %) were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, 10-Me C17 : 0 and C17 : 1ω8c. The respiratory quinone was MK-8 (H4) and the major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, diphosphatidylglycerol and unknown phospholipids. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain djl-8T is a member of the genus Nocardioides and shared the highest similarity with Nocardioides ginkgobilobae SYP-A7303T (97.1 %), followed by Nocardioides soli mbc-2T (96.9 %), Nocardioide spyridinolyticus OS4T (96.6 %) and Nocardioides maradonensis RP-B30T (96.6 %). Strain djl-8T exhibited low DNA–DNA relatedness with Nocardioides ginkgobilobae SYP-A7303T (26.9±2.1 %). On the basis of the morphological, physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics presented in this study, strain djl-8T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides , for which the name Nocardioides agrisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is djl-8T (=KCTC 39844T=CCTCC AB 2017058T).
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Pseudokineococcus basanitobsidens sp. nov., isolated from volcanic rock
More LessA novel Gram-strain-positive, non-spore-forming bacterial strain, designated SKC1-2T, was isolated from volcanic rock of the scoria cone of Seobjikoji, Jeju, Republic of Korea. Cells were aerobic, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, motile and cocci. Colonies of cells were dark orange-coloured, circular, smooth and convex. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the isolate was related to members of the genus Pseudokineococcus . Phylogenetic neighbours were P. marinus KCCM 42250T (98.2 %, 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and P. lusitanus DSM 23768T (98.0 %). The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-9(H2). The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-9(H2) and the major fatty acid was anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid profile included major amounts of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, two unidentified phospholipids and two unidentified phosphoglycolipids. The DNA G+C content was 74.9 mol%. DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain SKC1-2T and P. lusitanus DSM 23768T or P. marinus KCCM 42250T were 37.5–38.1 % or 45.4–46.4 %, respectively. On the basis of the phenotypic differences and DNA–DNA relatedness data, the isolate represents a new species of the genus Pseudokineococcus , for which the name Pseudokineococcus basanitobsidens sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SKC1-2T (=DSM 103726T=KCCM 43221T).
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Promicromonospora soli sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from soil
More LessA novel actinobacterium, designated strain NEAU-GS50T, was isolated from soil collected from Mount Song and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the organism should be assigned to the genus Promicromonospora and that it forms a monophyletic clade with its closest relatives Promicromonospora umidemergens JCM 17975T (98.94 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Promicromonospora alba 1C-HV12T (98.82 %) and Promicromonospora kermanensis DSM45485T (98.68 %). Similarly, chemotaxonomic data including major menaquinones, fatty acid compositions and polar lipid profiles, also supported the placement of strain NEAU-GS50T in the genus Promicromonospora . However, DNA–DNA relatedness, physiological and biochemical data showed that strain NEAU-GS50T could be distinguished from its closest relatives. Therefore, strain NEAU-GS50T represents a novel species of the genus Promicromonospora , for which the name Promicromonospora soli sp. nov. is proposed, with strain NEAU-GS50T (CGMCC4.7398T=DSM 104515T) as the type strain.
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Streptomyces cerasinus sp. nov., isolated from soil in Thailand
A novel actinomycete, strain SR3-134T, belonging to the genus Streptomyces , was isolated from soil collected from the Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand. The taxonomic position of the strain was characterized by using a polyphasic approach. ll-Diaminopimelic acid, glucose, mannose and ribose were detected in its whole-cell hydrolysates. The N-acyl type of muramic acid was acetyl. The menaquinones were MK-9(H8), MK-9(H6), MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H2). The predominant cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, C16 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C14 : 0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannoside. blast analysis of the almost-complete 16S rRNA gene showed 98.7 % sequence similarities to Streptomyces lanatus JCM 4588T and Streptomyces psammoticus JCM 4434T. The DNA G+C content was 71.4 mol%. Strain SR3-134T showed low DNA–DNA relatedness (12.9±4.0–44.1±1.0 %) to S. lanatus JCM 4588T and S. psammoticus JCM 4434T. The new strain could also be distinguished from its closely related strains by differences in their phenotypic characteristics. The results of taxonomic analysis suggested that strain SR3-134T represented a novel species of the genus Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces cerasinus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SR3-134T (=TISTR 2494T=KCTC 39910T).
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Description of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. bovis subsp. nov., isolated from cattle (Bos taurus coreanae), emended description of Mycobacterium chelonae and creation of Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. chelonae subsp. nov.
Three rapidly growing mycobacterial strains, QIA-37T, QIA-40 and QIA-41, were isolated from the lymph nodes of three separate Korean native cattle, Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae). These strains were previously shown to be phylogenetically distinct but closely related to Mycobacterium chelonae ATCC 35752T by taxonomic approaches targeting three genes (16S rRNA, hsp6 and rpoB) and were further characterized using a polyphasic approach in this study. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of all three strains showed 99.7 % sequence similarity with that of the M. chelonae type strain. A multilocus sequence typing analysis targeting 10 housekeeping genes, including hsp65 and rpoB, revealed a phylogenetic cluster of these strains with M. chelonae . DNA–DNA hybridization values of 78.2 % between QIA-37T and M. chelonae indicated that it belongs to M. chelonae but is a novel subspecies distinct from M. chelonae . Phylogenetic analysis based on whole-genome sequences revealed a 95.44±0.06 % average nucleotide identity (ANI) value with M. chelonae , slightly higher than the 95.0 % ANI criterion for determining a novel species. In addition, distinct phenotypic characteristics such as positive growth at 37 °C, at which temperature M. chelonae does not grow, further support the taxonomic status of these strains as representatives of a novel subspecies of M. chelonae . Therefore, we propose an emended description of Mycobacterium chelonae , and descriptions of M. chelonae subsp. chelonae subsp. nov. and M. chelonae subsp. bovis subsp. nov. are presented; strains ATCC 35752T(=CCUG 47445T=CIP 104535T=DSM 43804T=JCM 6388T=NCTC 946T) and QIA-37T (=KCTC 39630T=JCM 30986T) are the type strains of the two novel subspecies.
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Nocardioides kandeliae sp. nov., an endophytic actinomycete isolated from leaves of Kandelia candel
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, atrichous and short rod-shaped endophytic actinomycete, designated strain BGMRC 2075T, was isolated from the leaves of Kandelia candel, and was subjected to polyphasic characterization to unravel its taxonomic position. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain BGMRC 2075T belongs to the genus Nocardioides ,showing the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Nocardioides aestuarii JC2056T (96.1 %), Nocardioides agariphilus MSL-28T (95.1 %) and Nocardioides islandiensis MSL-26T (95.1 %). The predominant cellular fatty acids of strain BGMRC 2075T were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and C17 : 0. The major menaquinone was MK-8(H4). The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan was ll-2,6-diaminopimelic acid. The predominant cell-wall sugars were composed of ribose and glucose. The polar lipid pattern contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, five unknown phospholipids, one phospholipid of unknown structure containing glucosamine, and an unknown polar lipid. The DNA G+C content was 70.8 mol%. All these data support the allocation of the novel strain to the genus Nocardioides . The results of physiological and biochemical characterization allow the phenotypic differentiation of strain BGMRC 2075T from N. aestuarii JC2056T, N. agariphilus MSL-28T and N. islandiensis MSL-26T. Strain BGMRC 2075T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides , for which we propose the name Nocardioides kandeliae sp. nov. The type strain is BGMRC 2075T (=KCTC 39886T=DSM 104480T).
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Oryzihumus soli sp. nov., isolated from soil and emended description of the genus Oryzihumus
More LessA novel strain designated Aerobe-19T was isolated from a soil sample collected from a lawn located in Seoul National University in Korea. The cells were Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, and coccus-shaped. Colonies were circular with entire edges, convex, opaque and pale yellow. The strain grew at 15–30 ˚C (optimum, 30 ˚C), pH 5.0–7.0 (optimum, 6.0) and in the presence of 0–0.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetically, the strain was found to be closely related to members of the genus Oryzihumus and showed 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.4 and 96.3 % with Oryzihumus leptocrescens NRRL B-24347T and Oryzihumus terrae KACC 16543T, respectively. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The predominant menaquinone was MK-8 (H4). The polar lipids profile revealed the presence of diphosphatidylglycerol, glycolipids, unknown amino-glycophospholipid, unknown phospholipid and unknown lipids. The peptidoglycan type was A1γ. The DNA G+C content of this stain was 73.9 mol%. On the basis of data presented, strain Aerobe-19T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Oryzihumus , for which the name Oryzihumus soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Aerobe-19T (=KACC 18485T =KCTC 39705T=NBRC 111450T).
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Bifidobacterium vansinderenii sp. nov., isolated from faeces of emperor tamarin (Saguinus imperator)
A novel Bifidobacterium strain, Tam10BT, i.e. LMG 30126T, was isolated from emperor tamarin (Saguinus imperator). Cells were Gram-positive, non-motile, non-sporulating, non-haemolytic, facultative anaerobic and fructose 6-phosphate phosphoketolase-positive. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA genes as well as multilocus sequences (representing hsp60, rpoB, dnaJ, dnaG and clpC genes) and the core genome revealed that Bifidobacterium Tam10BT exhibited close phylogenetic relatedness to Bifidobacterium tissieri DSM 100201T. Comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed the phylogenetic results showing the highest gene sequence identity with strain B. tissieri DSM 100201T (96.5 %). Furthermore, genotyping based on the genome sequence of Tam 10B, in combination with phenotypic analyses, clearly showed that strain Tam10BT is distinct from each of the type strains of the so far recognized Bifidobacterium species. The type strain Tam10BT (=LMG 30126T=CCUG 70655T) represents a novel species, for which the name Bifidobacterium vansinderenii sp. nov is proposed.
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Mycobacterium aquiterrae sp. nov., a rapidly growing bacterium isolated from groundwater
More LessA strain representing a rapidly growing, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-sporulating and non-pigmented species of the genus Mycobacterium , designated strain S-I-6T, was isolated from groundwater at Daejeon in Korea. The strain grew at temperatures between 10 and 37 °C (optimal growth at 25 °C), between pH 4.0 and 9.0 (optimal growth at pH 7.0) and at salinities of 0–5 % (w/v) NaCl, growing optimally with 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on multilocus sequence analysis of the 16S rRNAgene, hsp65, rpoB and the 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer indicated that strain S-I-6T belonged to the rapidly growing mycobacteria, being most closely related to Mycobacterium sphagni . On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic analysis, the bacterial strain was distinguished from its phylogenetic neighbours by chemotaxonomic properties and other biochemical characteristics. DNA–DNA relatedness among strain S-I-6T and the closest phylogenetic neighbour strongly support the proposal that this strain represents a novel species within the genus Mycobacterium , for which the name Mycobacterium aquiterrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S-I-6T (=KACC 17600T=NBRC 109805T=NCAIM B 02535T).
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Propioniciclava sinopodophylli sp. nov., isolated from leaves of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) Ying
More LessA Gram-reaction-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterial strain, designated TEYR-7T, was isolated from the leaves of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum collected from the Qinling Mountains in Shaanxi Province, northwest China. Growth of strain TEYR-7T occurred at 15–37 °C (optimum, 28–30 °C), at pH 6.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–3 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 0–1 %). Propionate and acetate were produced from glucose fermentation. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain TEYR-7T was a member of the phylum Actinobacteria, exhibiting the highest sequence similarity to Propioniciclava tarda DSM 22130T (94.3 %). The only respiratory quinone detected in strain TEYR-7T was menaquinone MK-9(H4) and the major cellular fatty acids (>10 %) were anteiso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified glycolipids, an unidentified phospholipid and three unidentified lipids. The genomic DNA G+C content was 71.2 mol%. meso-Diaminopimelic acid was detected in the peptidoglycan. On the basis of data from the present polyphasic taxonomic study, strain TEYR-7T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Propioniciclava , for which the name Propioniciclava sinopodophylli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is TEYR-7T (=CCTCC AB 2015257T=KCTC 33808T).
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Nesterenkonia pannonica sp. nov., a novel alkaliphilic and moderately halophilic actinobacterium
An alkaliphilic and moderately halophilic bacterial strain characterized by optimal growth at pH 9.0–10.0 and with 5–7 % (w/v) NaCl, designated BV-35T, was isolated from water of a soda pan located in Kiskunság National Park, Hungary. Cells of the orange-pigmented colony were Gram-stain-positive, non-motile and non-endospore-forming coccoid rods. The isolate was strictly aerobic, catalase-positive and oxidase-negative. Strain BV-35T displayed a peptidoglycan similar to type A4α, l-Lys–l-Glu (A11.54 according to www.peptidoglycan-types.info) but containing additionally 4-aminobutyric acid. Menaquinone-7 (MK-7) was the predominant isoprenoid quinone, and anteiso-C15 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0 were its major cellular fatty acids. The DNA G+C content of strain BV-35T was 65.4 mol%. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, the novel isolate showed the closest relationship to Nesterenkonia populi GP 10-3T (97.9 %). The DNA–DNA relatedness between BV-35T and N. populi was 46.7 %. The distinguishing phenotypic and genetic results of this polyphasic study revealed that strain BV-35T represents a novel member of the genus Nesterenkonia , for which the name Nesterenkonia pannonica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BV-35T (=DSM 29786T=NCAIM B 02606T).
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Classification of Actinoplanes sp. ATCC 33076, an actinomycete that produces the glycolipodepsipeptide antibiotic ramoplanin, as Actinoplanes ramoplaninifer sp. nov.
Strain ATCC 33076, which produces the antibiotic ramoplanin, was isolated from a soil sample collected in India, and it was classified as a member of the genus Actinoplanes on the basis of morphology and cell-wall composition. A phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain forms a distinct clade within the genus Actinoplanes , and it is most closely related to Actinoplanes deccanensis IFO 13994T (98.71 % similarity) and Actinoplanes atraurantiacus Y16T (98.33 %). The strain forms an extensively branched substrate mycelium; the sporangia are formed very scantily and are globose with irregular surface. Spores are oval and motile. The cell wall contains meso-diaminopimelic acid and the diagnostic sugars are xylose and arabinose. The predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H6), with minor amounts of MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H2). Mycolic acids are absent. The diagnostic phospholipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, hydroxyphosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. The major cellular fatty acids are anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0, followed by iso-C15 : 0 and moderate amounts of anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω9c. The genomic DNA G+C content is 71.4 mol%. Significant differences in the morphological, chemotaxonomic and biochemical data, together with DNA–DNA relatedness between strain ATCC 33076 and closely related type strains, clearly demonstrated that strain ATCC 33076 represents a novel species of the genus Actinoplanes , for which the name Actinoplanes ramoplaninifer sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ATCC 33076T (=DSM 105064T=NRRL B-65484T).
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Streptomyces xylanilyticus sp. nov., isolated from soil
A novel actinomycete, strain SR2-123T, belonging to the genus Streptomyces , was isolated from a soil sample collected from the Sakaerat Environmental Research Station, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Nakhon Ratchasima Province, Thailand. The taxonomic position of the strain was characterized using a polyphasic study. Strain SR2-123T contained ll-diaminopimelic acid, glucose, mannose and ribose in whole-cell hydrolysates. The N-acyl type of muramic acid was acetyl. Menaquinones were MK-9(H6), MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H4). The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, an unknown phospholipid, unknown glycolipids, an unknown aminophospholipid, unknown lipids and an unknown aminolipid. The DNA G+C content was 74.8 mol%. The strain was closely related to Streptomyces coeruleorubidus JCM 4359T (98.5 %), Streptomyces flavofungini JCM 4753T (98.5 %), Streptomyces coerulescens NBRC 12758T (98. 5 %) and Streptomyces alboflavus JCM 4615T (98.4 %), based on 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities. The novel strain exhibited low DNA–DNA relatedness values with the type strains (11.4–25.0 %) of closely related species. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, strain SR2-123T could be distinguished from closely related species of the genus Streptomyces and represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces for which the name Streptomyces xylanilyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SR2-123T (=TISTR 2493T=KCTC 39909T).
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Allobranchiibius huperziae gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of Dermacoccaceae isolated from the root of a medicinal plant Huperzia serrata (Thunb.)
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming actinobacterial strain, designated CPCC 204077T, was isolated from the surface-sterilized root of a medicinal plant Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) collected from Sichuan Province, south-west China. The peptidoglycan type of strain CPCC 204077T was detected as A4α with an l-Lys–l-Ser–d-Asp interpeptide bridge. Galactose, glucose, rhamnose and ribose were the sugar compositions in the whole-cell hydrolysates. MK-8(H4) was the only menaquinone. The polar lipid profile consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, one unidentified phospholipid and one unidentified glycolipid. The major fatty acid was iso-C16 : 0. The genomic DNA G+C content was 71.0 mol%. The phylogenetic tree based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain CPCC 204077T stood for a distinct lineage within the family Dermacoccaceae alongside the genera Branchiibius , Demetria and Barrientosiimonas , with the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Branchiibius hedensis Mer 29717T (95.0 %), Calidifontibacter indicus PC IW02T (95.0 %), Barrientosiimonas humi 39T (94.9 %) and Demetria terragena HKI 0089T (94.7 %), and less than 94.7 % sequence similarities to all other species. Signature nucleotides in the 16S rRNA sequence showed that the strain contained the Dermacoccaceae family-specific 16S rRNA signature nucleotides and a genus-specific diagnostic nucleotide signature pattern. Combining the genotypic and phenotypic analyses, we propose that strain CPCC 204077T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Dermacoccaceae with the name Allobranchiibius huperziae gen. nov., sp. nov. Strain CPCC 204077T (=NBRC 110719T=DSM 29531T) is the type strain of the type species.
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Nocardioides litorisoli sp. nov., isolated from lakeside soil
More LessA Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacterium, designated as x-2T, was isolated from lakeside soil of Sayram in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, PR China. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, strain x-2T belongs to the genus Nocardioides in the family Nocardioidaceae , being most closely related to Nocardioides panacisoli Gsoil 346T (97.36 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Strain x-2T was characterized chemotaxonomically and found to have ll-diaminopimelic acid in the cell-wall peptidoglycan, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, glycolipids and another three unknown phospholipids as the major polar lipids, MK-8(H4) as the predominant menaquinone and C18 : 1ω9c, iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c and C16 : 0 as the major fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content of the novel strain was 71.1 mol%. The level of DNA–DNA relatedness between strain x-2T and N. panacisoli KCTC 19470T (=Gsoil 346T) was 29.8 %. These chemotaxonomic characters support the position of strain x-2T within the genus Nocardioides . The results of physiological and biochemical tests, as well as phylogenetic analysis, suggest that strain x-2T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides , for which the name Nocardioides litorisoli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is x-2T (=KCTC 39845T=CCTCCAB 2016255T).
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Salinifilum gen. nov., with description of Salinifilum proteinilyticum sp. nov., an extremely halophilic actinomycete isolated from Meighan wetland, Iran, and reclassification of Saccharopolyspora aidingensis as Salinifilum aidingensis comb. nov. and Saccharopolyspora ghardaiensis as Salinifilum ghardaiensis comb. nov
A Gram-positive, halophilic actinobacterial strain Miq-12T was isolated from Meighan wetland in Iran. Strain Miq-12T was strictly aerobic, catalase positive and oxidase negative. The isolate grew at 12–25 % NaCl, at 30–50 °C and pH 5.5–10.5. The optimum NaCl, temperature and pH for growth were 15–20 %, 40 °C and 7.0–8.0, respectively. The cell wall of strain Miq-12T contained meso-diaminopimelic acid as diagnostic diamino acid and arabinose as whole-cell sugar. The polar lipid pattern consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol. It synthesized cellular fatty acids of anteiso and iso-branched types, anteiso-C17 : 0, iso-C17:0, iso-C15:0, iso-C16 : 0. The major respiratory quinone was MK-9(H4). The G+C content of its genomic DNA was 72.1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison revealed that strain Miq-12T belongs to the family Pseudonocardiaceae , constituted a separate clade, and showed the closest phylogenetic similarity to Saccharopolyspora aidingensis TRM 46074T (96.99 %) and Saccharopolyspora ghardaiensis CCUG 63370T (96.92 %). On the basis of phylogenetic analysis, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, a novel genus and species of the family Pseudonocardiaceae , Salinifilum proteinilyticum gen. nov., sp. nov., are proposed. The type strain is Miq-12T (=IBRCM 11033T=LMG 28390T). We also propose that S. aidingensis and S. ghardaiensis should be transferred to this new genus and be named Salinifilum aidingensis comb. nov. and Salinifilum ghardaiensis comb. nov., respectively. The type strain of Salinifilum aidingensis comb. nov. is TRM 46074T (=CCTCCAA 2012014T=JCM 30185T) and the type strain of Salinifilum ghardaiensis comb. nov. is CCUG 63370T (=DSM 45606T=CECT 8304T).
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Longispora urticae sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of Urtica urens L., and emended descriptions of the species Longispora albida and Longispora fulva
More LessTwo Gram-stain-positive, aerobic actinomycete strains, designated NEAU-PCY-3T and NEAU-PCY-4, were isolated from rhizosphere soil of Urtica urens L. collected from Anshan, Liaoning Province, northeast PR China. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the two strains exhibited 99.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with each other and that they were most closely to Longispora fulva DSM 45356T (98.7, 98.9 %) and Longispora albida JCM 11711T (97.1, 97.2 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the two strains were located in the same lineage and formed a cluster with the genus Longispora . Both strains were observed to contain MK-10(H4) and MK-10(H6) as the predominant menaquinones. The cell wall peptidoglycan was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid, d-glutamic acid, glycine and l-alanine. Whole-cell hydrolysates mainly contained galactose, ribose and xylose. The phospholipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, several glycolipids and several unknown lipids. The major cellular fatty acids for strain NEAU-PCY-3T were iso-C16 : 0, iso-C17 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 0 and C18 : 1 ω5c. The DNA–DNA hybridization value between strains NEAU-PCY-3T and NEAU-PCY-4 was 83.6±0.4 %, and the values between the two strains and their closest phylogenetic relatives, belonging to the genus Longispora , were well below 70 %, supporting that they represented a distinct genomic species. An array of phenotypic characteristics also differentiated the strains from their closely related species, the only two validly published Longispora species. On the basis of the genetic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic properties, strains NEAU-PCY-3T and NEAU-PCY-4 were classified as representatives of a novel species of the genus Longispora , for which the name Longispora urticae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-PCY-3T (=DSM 105119T=CCTCC AA 2017017T).
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- Archaea
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Halobacterium litoreum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern
More LessHalophilic archaeal strain ZS-54-S2T was isolated from Zhoushan marine solar saltern, China. Cells were rod-shaped, Gram-stain-negative and formed red-pigmented colonies on an agar plate. Strain ZS-54-S2T was able to grow at 20–50 °C (optimum 35 °C), at 1.7–4.8 M NaCl (optimum 3.9 M), at 0.005–1.0 M MgCl2 (optimum 0.05 M) and at pH 5.0–9.5 (optimum pH 7.0). The cells lysed in distilled water and the minimal NaCl concentration to prevent cell lysis was found to be 5 % (w/v). The major polar lipids of the strain were phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, two glycolipids, which were chromatographically identical to sulfated galactosyl mannosyl galactofuranosyl glucosyl diether and galactosyl mannosyl glucosyl diether, and an unidentified glycolipid, which was chromatographically identical to one detected in Halobacterium salinarum ATCC 33171T. The 16S rRNA gene and rpoB′ gene of strain ZS-54-S2T were phylogenetically related to the corresponding genes of Halobacterium noricense JCM 15102T (97.5 % and 90.6 % relatedness, respectively), Halobacterium jilantaiense CGMCC 1.5337T (96.9 and 91.2 %), Halobacterium rubrum CGMCC 1.12575T (96.8 and 90.3 %) and Halobacterium salinarum CGMCC 1.1958T (96.5 and 88.4 %). The DNA G+C content of strain ZS-54-S2T was 66.7 mol%. The phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic properties suggested that strain ZS-54-S2T (=CGMCC 1.12562T=JCM 30038T) represents a new species of Halobacterium , for which the name Halobacterium litoreum sp. nov. is proposed.
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Saliphagus infecundisoli gen. nov., sp. nov., an extremely halophilic archaeon isolated from a saline soil
Two extremely halophilic archaea, strains YIM 93745T and YIM 93707, were isolated from a saline soil sample collected from Loulan, China. Cells of the two strains were coccus, non-motile and Gram-stain negative. The strains were aerobic and grew at 25–50 °C (optimum, 37 °C), in the presence of 5–35 % (w/v) NaCl (optimum, 20 %), 0.01–0.1 M Mg2 + (optimum, 0.03 M) and pH 6.0–8.5 (optimum, 7.0–7.5). Cells lysed in distilled water and with 0–5 % NaCl. Major polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate methyl ester, phosphatidylglycerol sulfate, sulfated mannosyl glycosyl diether and two unidentified glycolipids. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA sequence revealed that the two strains were most closely related to Halovivax cerinus IC35T (95.1 and 95.2 % sequence similarities, respectively). The two strains, however, shared highest rpoB’ gene sequence identities with Natrinema pellirubrum JCM 10476T (87.8 and 87.7 % respectively). Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA and rpoB’ gene sequences demonstrated a robust clade of the two strains with members of related genera of the family Natrialbaceae . The DNA G+C contents of the two strains were 64.6 and 64.4 mol%, respectively. DNA–DNA relatedness values between them were 95±2 %. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic characteristics and phylogenetic properties suggested that the two strains YIM 93745T and YIM 93707 represent a novel species in a new genus within the family Natrialbaceae , for which the name Saliphagus infecundisoli gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 93745T (=KCTC 4228T=CGMCC 1.15824T).
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- Bacteroidetes
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Parapedobacter lycopersici sp. nov., isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
A novel Gram-stain-negative bacterial strain, designated T16R-256T, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of tomato plants grown in a greenhouse in Yecheon-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea and characterized using polyphasic taxonomy. Cells were aerobic, non-flagellated and rod-shaped. Colonies were light yellow, convex and round. The strain grew in the temperature range of 15–37 °C (optimally at 28–30 °C) and pH range of 7.0–9.0 (optimally at 7.0–8.0) and in 4 % NaCl (w/v). A comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain T16R-256T is a member of the genus Parapedobacter , exhibiting high sequence similarity with Parapedobacter pyrenivorans P-4T (94.2 %), Parapedobacter indicus RK1T (93.7 %), Parapedobacter koreensis Jip14T (93.7 %), Parapedobacter luteus 4M29T (93.6 %) and Parapedobacter soli DCY14T (93.4 %). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, sphingolipid, one aminophospholipid, two aminolipids and three unknown lipids. The major fatty acids (>10 % of the total fatty acids) were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 0 2-OH/C16 : 1ω7c. Strain T16R-256T contained MK-7 as the predominant respiratory quinone and homospermidine as the major polyamine. The genomic DNA G+C content of the type strain was 55.5 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, strain T16R-256T should be designated as representative of a novel species of the genus Parapedobacter , for which the name Parapedobacter lycopersici sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is T16R-256T (=KACC 18788T=JCM 31602T).
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Croceivirga radicis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a rotten tropical mangrove root
A novel bacterial strain, designated HSG9T, was isolated from aisolated from a rotten tropical mangrove root. Cells of strain HSG9T were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, yellow, oxidase-negative and catalase-positive. Growth was observed in 0.5–9 % sea salt (optimum 3 %, w/v), at 10–42 °C (optimum 25–35 °C) and at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum 7.0–8.0). Gelatin, esterase and Tweens 20, 40, 60 and 80 were hydrolysed, but starch, protein, cellulose and casein were not. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain HSG9T formed an independent lineage related to the family Flavobacteriaceae . The dominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 1 G. The respiratory quinone was identified as MK-6 and the polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, three unidentified phospholipids and an unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 37.1 mol%. The combined genotypic and phenotypic data indicated that strain HSG9T represents a novel species of a new genus within the family Flavobacteriaceae , for which the name Croceivirgaradicis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HSG9T (=MCCC 1A06690T=KCTC 52589T).
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Larkinella ripae sp. nov., isolated from seashore soil
Strain 15J11-11T was isolated from soil collected at the seashore and was Gram-staining-negative, short-rod-shaped, gliding and pale-pink pigmented. Flexirubin-type pigments were absent. The isolate grew at a temperature range of 15 to 30 °C and a pH range of 7 to 8. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence studies showed that strain 15J11-11T belonged to the genus Larkinella within the phylum Bacteroidetes and was most closely related to Larkinella arboricola Z0532T (95.6 %), Larkinella bovis M2TB15T (95.4 %), and Larkinella insperata LMG 22510T (95.2 %). The genomic DNA G+C content of strain 15J11-11T was 53.2 mol%. The strain contained phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, an unidentified aminophospholipid and two unidentified polar lipids as the major polar lipids; menaquinone-7 as the predominant quinone and C16 : 1ω5c, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids which supported the affiliation of strain 15J11-11T to the genus Larkinella . Based on its phenotypic properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain 15J11-11T represents a novel species of the genus Larkinella, for which the name Larkinella ripae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 15J11-11T (=KCTC 42996T=JCM 31657T).
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Maribacter pelagius sp. nov., isolated from seawater
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, gliding, non-endospore-forming and slightly halophilic bacterial strain, CBA3204T, was isolated from seawater and characterized by polyphasic taxonomic analysis. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA sequences revealed that strain CBA3204T formed a distinct lineage within the family Flavobacteriaceae . The 16S rRNA sequences of strain CBA3204T had a sequence similarity level of 96.96 % to Maribacter arcticus KOPRI 20941T as the nearest phylogenetic neighbour. The strain grew optimally at 25–30 °C and in the presence of 2–4 % (w/v) NaCl. The dominant menaquinone was MK-6 and the major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 1 G. The DNA G+C content was 35.1 mol%. There were some differences in phenotypic properties among strain CBA3204T and other Maribacter species. On the basis of polyphasic analysis containing phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic data, strain CBA3204T (=KACC 17671T=JCM 19533T) is proposed as a novel species Maribacter pelagius sp. nov.
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Winogradskyella maritima sp. nov., isolated from seawater
More LessA novel bacterium, designated HME9613T, was isolated from seawater of the Yellow Sea in the Republic of Korea. Cells of strain HME9613T were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile by gliding and rod-shaped. Strain HME9613T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7 and in the presence of 3 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain HME9613T formed a lineage within the genus Winogradskyella of the family Flavobacteriaceae , and showed highest sequence similarity to Winogardskyella exilis 022-2-26T (95.9 %). The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between strain HME9613T and other Winogradskyella species ranged from 93.7 to 95.9 %. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 1 G, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) and iso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and two unidentified lipids. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The DNA G+C content of the strain HME9613T was 38.4 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, phylogenetic and genotypic data, strain HME9613T represents a novel species within the genus Winogradskyella , for which the name Winogradskyella maritima sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HME9613T (=KCTC 42189T=CECT 8979T).
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Sphingobacterium corticis sp. nov., isolated from bark of Populus × euramericana
More LessA Gram-stain negative, aerobic, non-motile bacterial strain, 23D10-4-9T, was isolated from symptomatic canker bark tissue of Populus × euramericana. The isolate grew between 4 and 35 °C, with optimal growth occurring at 25 °C. The species was positive for catalase and negative for oxidase activity. Nitrate was not reduced to nitrite. It showed activities toward β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase. Citrate was not utilized. Acid was produced from d-glucose. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The main polar lipid profiles of the novel isolate included phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipids and seven unknown lipids. The predominant menaquinone of the novel isolate was MK-7. The DNA G+C content was 40.6 mol%. 16S rRNA gene data revealed that the novel isolate shares the greatest sequence similarity with Sphingobacterium populi 7Y-4T (96.1 %). Based on phenotypic and genotypic characteristics, the isolate represents a novel species within the genus Sphingobacterium , for which the name Sphingobacterium corticis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 23D10-4-9T (=CFCC 12640T=KCTC 42248T).
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Geofilum rhodophaeum sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment
More LessA novel Gram-stain-negative, facultatively anaerobic, filamentous and rose-brown pigmented bacterium, designated strain HF401T, was isolated from marine sediment off the coast of Weihai, China. The isolate grew at temperatures between 4 and 45 °C (optimal growth at 33 °C), at pH 6.5–8.5 (optimal growth at pH 7.5) and with 0.5–6.0 % (w/v) NaCl (optimal growth at 3.0 %). The predominant menaquinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 50.8 mol% (from high-performance liquid chromatography). The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C16:0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or iso-C15 : 0 2OH). The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phospholipid and an unidentified lipid. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain HF401T formed a distinct branch with Geofilum rubicundum JCM 15548T in the family Marinilabiliaceae . The most closely related strains of strain HF401T were Natronoflexuspectinivorans AP1T (96.2 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), G. rubicundum JCM 15548T (96.2 %) and Alkalitaleasaponilacus SC/BZ-SP2T (96.0 %). Average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between strain HF401T and G. rubicundum JCM 15548T showed a relatedness of 71.3 % (ANIb) and 86.0 % (ANIm). The percentage of conserved proteins (POCP) value between strain HF401T and G. rubicundum JCM 15548T was 61.2 %. Based on polyphasic analysis, especially the phylogenetic relationships and the higher POCP value, strain HF401T is considered to represent a novel species in the genus Geofilum, for which the name Geofilum rhodophaeum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Geofilum rhodophaeum is HF401T (KCTC 42595T=MCCC 1H00119T).
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Flavobacterium quisquiliarum sp. nov., isolated from activated sludge
More LessA Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, EA-12T, was isolated from activated sludge in Fujian Province, PR China. The results of phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that it was closely related to Flavobacterium pectinovorum DSM 6368T (97.5 %), Flavobacterium banpakuense 15F3T (97.0 %) and Flavobacterium arsenitoxidans S2-3HT (96.9 %). Cells grew at 15–37 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 5.0–9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0–1.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The strain contained MK-6 as the major menaquinone and the major cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c) and C16 : 0 3-OH. The polar lipids consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified phospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 36.1 mol% (Tm ). The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain EA-12T and F. pectinovorum DSM 6368T was 38.6 %. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic comparisons with relatives and DNA–DNA relatedness values, it is concluded that EA-12T represents a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium , for which the name Flavobacterium quisquiliarum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EA-12T (=CGMCC 1.15345T=NBRC 111769T).
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Flavobacterium ardleyense sp. nov., isolated from Antarctic soil
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, yellow-pigmented, non-flagellated, non-gliding, rod-like, oxidase- and catalase-positive bacterium, designated A2-1T, was isolated from soil on Ardley Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Strain A2-1T grew at 4–22 °C (optimum, 10 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum, pH 6.5) and with 0–1.5 % NaCl (optimum, 0.5 %), but could not produce flexirubin-type pigments. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the isolates belonged to the genus Flavobacterium . Strain A2-1T had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Flavobacterium cucumis , F. ahnfeltiae and F. cheniae with 95.7, 95.6 and 95.4 %, respectively. The strain A2-1T consisted of a clade with F. cucumis and F. cheniae and simultaneously formed a distinct phyletic lineage in the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree. Polar lipids of the strain included phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), four unidentified aminolipids and one unidentified lipid. The strain A2-1T contained anteiso-C15 : 0 (20.2 %), iso-C15 : 0 (16.2 %) and C15 : 1 G (11.0 %) as the main fatty acids and the only respiratory quinone was menaquinone MK-6. The genomic DNA G+C content was 34.0 mol%. The polyphasic taxonomic study revealed that the strain A2-1T belongs to a novel species within the genus Flavobacterium and the name Flavobacterium ardleyense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is A2-1T (=CCTCC AB 2017157T=KCTC 52644T).
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Mucilaginibacter terrae sp. nov., isolated from Antarctic soil
A bacterial strain designated CCM 8645T was isolated from a soil sample collected nearby a mummified seal carcass in the northern part of James Ross Island, Antarctica. The cells were short rods, Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, catalase and oxidase positive, and produced a red-pink pigment on R2A agar. A polyphasic taxonomic approach based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, extensive biotyping using conventional tests and commercial identification kits and chemotaxonomic analyses were applied to clarify its taxonomic position. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene placed strain CCM 8645T in the genus Mucilaginibacter with the closest relative being Mucilaginibacter daejeonensis Jip 10T, exhibiting 96.5 % 16S rRNA pairwise similarity which was clearly below the 97 % threshold value recommended for species demarcation. The major components in fatty acid profiles were Summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c/C16 : 1 ω6c), C15 : 0 iso and C17 : 0 iso 3OH. The cellular quinone content was exclusively menaquinone MK-7. The major polyamine was sym-homospermidine and predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine. Based on presented results, we propose a novel species for which the name Mucilaginibacter terrae sp. nov. is suggested, with the type strain CCM 8645T (=LMG 29437T).
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Confluentibacter citreus sp. nov., isolated from lake sediment, and emended description of the genus Confluentibacter
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, non-gliding, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated XJNYT, was isolated from Sayram Lake (44° 30′ 30.41″ N 81° 12′ 39.55″ E), Xinjiang Province, north-west China, and was characterized taxonomically by a polyphasic study. Strain XJNYT grew at salinities of 0–4 % (w/v) and temperatures of 4–37 °C. The pH range for growth was 6.5–8.5. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain XJNYT belonged to the genus Confluentibacter and was closely related to the type strain of Confluentibacter lentus with 97.8 % similarity. The DNA G+C content was 34.5 mol%. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 1 G, anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 3-OH, C17 : 0 2-OH and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The major respiratory isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6) and the polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified phospholipid, two unidentified aminolipids and four unidentified lipids. On the basis of morphological, physiological and molecular properties and phylogenetic distinctiveness, strain XJNYT represents a novel species within the genus Confluentibacter , for which the name Confluentibacter citreus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is XJNYT (=KCTC 52638T=MCCC 1H00183T).
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Polaribacter insulae sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-motile and ovoid or rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated OITF-22T, was isolated from a tidal flat of Oido, an island of South Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain OITF-22T grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. The phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain OITF-22T fell within the clade comprising the type strains of Polaribacter species. Strain OITF-22T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 97.2–99.4 % to the type strains of Polaribacter vadi , P. haliotis , P. atrinae , P. dokdonensis , P. litorisediminis, P. reichenbachii , P. irgensii and P. marinaquae , and of 93.0–96.9 % to the type strains of the other Polaribacter species. Strain OITF-22T contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C15 : 0 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected in strain OITF-22T were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content of strain OITF-22T was 32.3 mol% and its DNA–DNA relatedness values with the type strains of the eight phylogenetically most closely related Polaribacter species were 9–32 %. Differential phenotypic properties, together with phylogenetic and genetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain OITF-22T is separated from recognized species of the genus Polaribacter . On the basis of the data presented, strain OITF-22T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Polaribacter , for which the name Polaribacter insulae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is OITF-22T (=KCTC 52658T=NBRC 112706T).
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Crocinitomix algicola sp. nov., isolated from Gracilaria blodgettii
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, strictly aerobic, non-flagellated, yellow-pigmented, rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated 0182T, was isolated from Gracilaria blodgettii, an algae of phylum Rhodophyta collected from coast of Lingshui county, Hainan, China (110° 03′ 44.2′′ E, 18° 24′ 29.8′′ N). The strain grew optimally at 30 °C, pH 7.0–7.5 and in the presence of 2.0–3.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Cells of strain 0182T were approximately 0.9–2.5 µm in length and 0.2–0.4 µm in width. The major respiratory quinone was MK-7. The predominant cellular fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The major polar lipids were phosphoaminolipid, glycolipid, two unknown aminolipids and four unknown lipids. The DNA G+C content was approximately 35.4 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 0182T was phylogenetically related to members of the genus Crocinitomix and was closely related to Crocinitomix catalasitica with 94.6 % sequence similarity. On the basis of genotypic and phenotypic characteristics and phylogenetic evidence, strain 0182T is thought to represent a novel species of the genus Crocinitomix , for which the name Crocinitomix algicola sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 0182T (=KCTC 42868T =MCCC 1H00128T).
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Salinimicrobium flavum sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment
More LessA novel Gram-stain-negative, non-gliding, facultatively anaerobic and rod-shaped bacterium, designated X7T, was isolated from marine sediment taken from the coast of Weihai, China. Strain X7T grew optimally at 28–30 °C, at pH 7.0 and in the presence of 2–3 % (w/v) NaCl. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain X7T was a member of the genus Salinimicrobium and was most closely related to the species Salinimicrobium gaetbulicola with a 96.3 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity value. The major cellular fatty acids of strain X7T were anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C17 : 1ω9c, iso-C17 : 1ω9c, C17 : 0 2-OH and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH. The major polar lipids of strain X7T were phosphatidylethanolamine, one unidentified phospholipid, two unidentified aminolipids and five unidentified lipids. The predominant respiratory quinone was MK-6, and the genomic DNA G+C content was 46.7 mol%. Phylogenetic, phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic results indicated that strain X7T represents a novel species of the genus Salinimicrobium , for which the name Salinimicrobium flavum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is X7T (=KCTC 42585T=MCCC 1H00115T).
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Hymenobacter frigidus sp. nov., isolated from a glacier ice core
A psychrophilic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, red-pigmented bacterium, designated strain B1789T, was isolated from an ice core of Muztagh Glacier on the Tibetan Plateau in China. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain B1789T was related to members of the genus Hymenobacter and had highest sequence similarity with Hymenobacter antarcticus JCM 17217T (97.9 %). The major menaquinone was MK-7 and the major polar lipid was phosphatidylethanolamine. The predominant fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c and/or C16 : 1ω6c). The DNA G+C content was 59.4 mol%. In DNA–DNA hybridization tests, strain B1789T shared 42 % relatedness with H. antarcticus JCM 17217T. Based on the results of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic tests, strain B1789T was considered as representing a novel species of the genus Hymenobacter , for which the name Hymenobacter frigidus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is B1789T (=JCM 30595T=CGMCC 1.14966T).
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Williamwhitmania taraxaci gen. nov., sp. nov., a proteolytic anaerobe with a novel type of cytology from Lake Untersee in Antarctica, description of Williamwhitmaniaceae fam. nov., and emendation of the order Bacteroidales Krieg 2012
The proteolytic bacterium strain A7P-90mT was isolated from Lake Untersee, Antarctica. The anoxic water was collected from a perennially sealed (~100 millennia) glacial ice lake. Gram-stain-negative cells were 0.18–0.3×8.0–25.0 µm in size, straight, slender rods with unusual gliding motility by external, not previously reported, organelles named here as antiae. At the end of stationary phase of growth, spheroplasts were terminally formed and the cells resembled dandelions. After death, cells were helical. The isolate was an athalassic, strictly anaerobic and catalase-negative proteolytic chemoorganotroph. It was moderately psychrophilic with a temperature range for growth of 3–26 °C and an optimum at 22–23 °C. The pH range for growth was 5.5–7.8 with an optimum at 6.9. Major cellular fatty acids were branched pentadecanoic and tridecanoic acids, and saturated tetradecanoic acids. The quinone system comprised menaquinone MK-7. The strain was sensitive to all checked antibiotics and ascorbic acid. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 42.6 mol%. Based on average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity and phylogenetic analyses, the novel isolate was placed within a unique phylogenetic cluster distant from all eight families in the order Bacteroidales and formed a novel family with the proposed name Williamwhitmaniaceae fam. nov. The description of the order Bacteroidales was emended accordingly. The name Williamwhitmania taraxaci gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed for the new genus and novel species with the type strain A7P-90mT (=DSM 100563T=JCM 30888T). The complete draft genome sequence was deposited at the Joint Genomes Institute (JGI) under number IMG OID 2654588148 and in SRA listed as SRP088197.
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Natronotalea proteinilytica gen. nov., sp. nov. and Longimonas haloalkaliphila sp. nov., extremely haloalkaliphilic members of the phylum Rhodothermaeota from hypersaline alkaline lakes
More LessTwo proteolytic bacterial strains, BSker2T and BSker3T, were enriched from sediments of hypersaline alkaline lakes in Kulunda Steppe (Altai, Russia) with chicken feathers as substrate, followed by pure culture isolation on hypersaline alkaline media with casein. The cells were non-motile, filamentous, flexible rods. The isolates were obligately aerobic heterotrophs utilizing proteins and peptides as growth substrates. Both were obligate alkaliphiles, but differed in their pH optimum for growth: pH 9.5–9.8 for Bsker2T and pH 8.5–8.8 for BSker3T. The salt range for growth of both isolates was between 2 and 4.5 M total Na+ with an optimum at 2.5–3 M. No organic osmolytes were detected in cells of BSker2T, but they accumulated high intracellular concentrations of K+. The polar lipid fatty acids were dominated by unsaturated C16 and C18 species. The 16S rRNA gene phylogeny indicated that both strains belong to the recently proposed phylum Rhodothermaeota . BSker2T forms a novel genus-level branch, while BSker3T represents a novel species-level member in the genus Longimonas . On the basis of distinct phenotypic and genotypic properties, strain BSker2T (=JCM 31342T=UNIQEM U1009T) is proposed to be classified as a representative of a novel genus and species, Natronotalea proteinilyticagen. nov., sp. nov., and strain BSker3T (=JCM 31343T=UNIQEM U1010T) as a representative of a novel species, Longimonas haloalkaliphila sp. nov.
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Algoriphagus marisflavi sp. nov., isolated from water of an estuary environment
More LessA Gram-stain-negative, non-motile, aerobic and rod-shaped or ovoid bacterial strain, designated KEM-106T, was isolated from water of an estuary environment on the Yellow Sea, South Korea, and subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic study. Strain KEM-106T grew optimally at 30 °C and pH 7.0–8.0 and in the presence of 1.0–2.0 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain KEM-106T belonged to the genus Algoriphagus , clustering with the type strains of Algoriphagus litorisediminis and Algoriphagus aquaemixtae. Strain KEM-106T exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 96.5, 96.2 and 96.0 % to the type strains of Algoriphagus boritolerans , A. litorisediminis and A. aquaemixtae, respectively, and of 92.5–95.8 % to the type strains of the other Algoriphagus species. Strain KEM-106T contained MK-7 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c) as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylcholine. The DNA G+C content of strain KEM-106T was 42.7 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties, together with its phylogenetic distinctiveness, revealed that strain KEM-106T is separated from recognized species of the genus Algoriphagus . On the basis of the data presented, strain KEM-106T is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Algoriphagus , for which the name Algoriphagus marisflavi sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KEM-106T (=KCTC 52979T=NBRC 112904T).
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Spirosoma carri sp. nov., isolated from an automobile air conditioning system
More LessA Gram-stain-negative and yellow-pigmented bacterial strain, designated TX0406T, was isolated from an automobile evaporator core collected in Korea. The cells were non-motile, aerobic and rod-shaped. The strain grew at 15–37 °C (optimum, 25 °C), at pH 6.0–7.0 (optimum, 6.5) and in the presence of 0–1.5 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetically, the strain was related to members of the genus Spirosoma (93.7–90.7 % 16S rRNA sequence similarities) and showed the highest sequence similarity of 93.7 % to Spirosomapulveris JSH5-14T. The major fatty acids of the strain were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c), C16 : 1 ω5c and C16 : 0. The predominant menaquinone was MK-7. The polar lipid profile revealed the presence of phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid, unidentified aminophospholipids and unidentified lipids. The DNA G+C content of the strain was 58.7 mol%. Based on phenotypic, genotypic and chemotaxonomic data, strain TX0406T represents a novel species in the genus Spirosoma , for which the name Spirosoma carri sp. nov. (=KACC 19013T=NBRC 112494T) is proposed.
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Flavimarina flava sp. nov., isolated from Salicornia herbacea
A Gram-stain-negative, motile-by-gliding, aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and yellow-pigmented bacterium was isolated from Salicornia herbacea in the Yellow Sea and designated as strain MBLN091T. It belonged to the family Flavobacteriaceae . The 16S rRNA gene sequence of this isolated strain was similar to that of Flavimarina pacifica IDSW-73T with 94.8 % similarity, and with 92.3–92.8 % similarities to those of other closely related species of the genus Leeuwenhoekiella . The similarities of the RNA polymerase subunit B gene between this strain and F. pacifica KCTC 32466T and Leeuwenhoekiella marinoflava DSM 3653T were 80.5 and 80.2 %, respectively. Growth of strain MBLN091T was observed in the presence of 0.5‒15.0 % (w/v) NaCl at 4‒35 °C and pH 6.0–8.0, with optimal growth in the presence of 2.5‒5.0 % (w/v) NaCl at 20‒25 °C and pH 7.0. This isolate was able to hydrolyse gelatin. The only respiratory quinone was MK-6. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, an unidentified aminolipid and two unidentified lipids. Major fatty acids of the isolate were iso-C15 : 0, summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c), iso-C17 : 0 3-OH and iso-C15 : 1 G. The genomic DNA G+C content was 39.6 mol%. The physiological features were closely related to F. pacifica . Therefore, strain MBLN091T is considered to represent a novel species within the genus Flavimarina , for which the name Flavimarina flava sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MBLN091T (=KCTC 52527T=JCM 31731T).
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Croceitalea marina sp. nov., isolated from marine particles of Yellow Sea, and emended description of the genera Croceitalea
A Gram-staining-negative, rod-shaped, non-motile, golden yellow-coloured and strictly aerobic bacterial strain, designated H01-35T, was isolated from a surface marine particles sample collected from the Yellow Sea in China. According to the phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the strain H01-35T belonged to the genus Croceitalea and showed the highest sequence similarity to Croceitalea litorea CBA3205T (96.4 %). Strain H01-35T grew optimally at pH 8.0–9.0, 28 °C and in the presence of 3 % (w/v) NaCl. The DNA G+C content was 52.7 mol%. Strain H01-35T contained MK-6 as the predominant respiratory quinone and held iso-C15 : 1 G, iso-C15 : 0 and iso-C17 : 0 3-OH as the major cellular fatty acids. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminolipids and five unidentified lipids. Exoenzymes for starch, gelatin and Tween 20 degradation were detected in Strain H01-35T but the strain was negative for sulfur and indole production. On the basis of the polyphasic analyses, this isolate was considered to represent a novel species in the genus Croceitalea , for which the name Croceitalea marina sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is H01-35T (MCCC 1K03229T=KCTC 52368T). The emendation of description of the genus Croceitalea is also given.
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- Firmicutes and Related Organisms
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Bacillus endozanthoxylicus sp. nov., an endophytic bacterium isolated from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim leaves
A Gram-stain-positive, rod-shaped, motile bacterium, designated as 1404T, was isolated from leaves of Chinese red pepper (Huajiao) (Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim) collected from Gansu, north-west China. Spores were not observed under a range of conditions. Strain 1404T was observed to grow at 15–45 °C and pH 6.0–10.0 and in presence of 0–5 % (w/v) NaCl concentration. The cell wall of strain 1404T was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid, and the predominant respiratory quinone was identified as MK-7. The major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified phospholipid as well as three unidentified polar lipids. The major fatty acids profile of strain 1404T consisted of iso-C15 : 0 (25.6 %), anteiso-C15 : 0 (18.4 %) and iso-C14 : 0 (12.1 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain 1404T was affiliated to the genus Bacillus and was closely related to Bacillus oryzisoli 1DS3-10T, Bacillus benzoevorans DSM 5391T and Bacillus circulans DSM 11T with sequence similarity of 98.3, 98.2 and 96.9 %, respectively. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was determined to be 39.4 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization values indicated that relatedness between strain 1404T and the type strains of closely related species of the genus Bacillus was below 41 %. Therefore, on the basis of the data from the polyphasic taxonomic study presented, strain 1404T represents a novel species of the genus Bacillus , for which the name proposed is Bacillus endozanthoxylicus sp. nov. The type strain is 1404T (=CCTCC AB 2017021T=KCTC 33827T).
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‘Candidatus Phytoplasma wodyetiae’, a new taxon associated with yellow decline disease of foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata) in Malaysia
Landscape-grown foxtail palm (Wodyetia bifurcata A. K. Irvine) trees displaying symptoms of severe foliar chlorosis, stunting, general decline and mortality reminiscent of coconut yellow decline disease were observed in Bangi, Malaysia, during 2012. DNA samples from foliage tissues of 15 symptomatic palms were analysed by employing a nested PCR assay primed by phytoplasma universal ribosomal RNA operon primer pairs, P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R2. The assay yielded amplicons of a single band of 1.25 kb from DNA samples of 11 symptomatic palms. Results from cloning and sequence analysis of the PCR-amplified 16S rRNA gene segments revealed that, in three palms, three mutually distinct phytoplasmas comprising strains related to ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris’ and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma cynodontis’, as well as a novel phytoplasma, were present as triple infections. The 16S rRNA gene sequence derived from the novel phytoplasma shared less than 96 % nucleotide sequence identity with that of each previously describedspecies of the provisional genus ‘Ca. Phytoplasma ’, justifying its recognition as the reference strain of a new taxon, ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma wodyetiae’. Virtual RFLP profiles of the R16F2n/R2 portion of the 16S rRNA gene and the pattern similarity coefficient value (0.74) supported the delineation of ‘Ca. Phytoplasma wodyetiae’ as the sole representative subgroup A member of a new phytoplasma ribosomal group, 16SrXXXVI.
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Lactobacillus curtus sp. nov., isolated from beer in Finland
A Gram-stain-positive, catalase-negative and short-rod-shaped organism, designated VTT E-94560, was isolated from beer in Finland and deposited in the VTT culture collection as a strain of Lactobacillus rossiae . However, the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that VTT E-94560 was only related to Lactobacillus rossiae JCM 16176T with 97.0 % sequence similarity, lower than the 98.7 % regarded as the boundary for the species differentiation. Additional phylogenetic studies on the pheS gene, rpoA gene and 16S–23S rRNA internally transcribed spacer region further reinforced the taxonomically independent status of VTT E-94560 and its related Lactobacillus species including L. rossiae and Lactobacillus siliginis . Strain VTT E-94560 also exhibited several differences in its carbohydrate fermentation profiles from those related Lactobacillus species. In addition, DNA–DNA relatedness between VTT E-94560 and these two type strains was 4 % ( L. rossiae JCM 16176T) and 12 % (L. siliginins JCM 16155T), respectively, which were lower than the 70 % cut-off for general species delineation, indicating that these three strains are not taxonomically identical at the species level. These studies revealed that VTT E-94560 represents a novel species, for which the name Lactobacillus curtus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is VTT E-94560T (=JCM 31185T).
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Lentibacillus sediminis sp. nov., isolated from a marine saltern
More LessA novel, Gram-stain-positive, moderately halophilic, endospore-forming, motile, facultatively anaerobic and rod-shaped strain, designated 0W14T, was isolated from a marine saltern of Wendeng, China. Optimal growth occurred at 37 °C, pH 7.5 and with 6.0 % (w/v) NaCl. MK-7 was the sole respiratory quinone and the peptidoglycan type of 0W14T was A4β l-Orn–d-Glu. The major cellular fatty acid (>10.0 %) in strain 0W14T was anteiso-C15 : 0. The polar lipid profile of strain 0W14T consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, two unknown glycolipids and four unknown phospholipids. The genomic DNA G+C content of the strain was 44.8 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain 0W14T forms a phylogenetic lineage with members of the genus Lentibacillus within the family Bacillaceae . Based on data from the current polyphasic study, the isolate is proposed to represent a novel species of genus Lentibacillus , for which the name Lentibacillus sediminis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 0W14T (=KCTC 33835T=MCCC 1H00171T).
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Paralkalibacillus indicireducens gen., nov., sp. nov., an indigo-reducing obligate alkaliphile isolated from indigo fermentation liquor used for dyeing
More LessObligately alkaliphilic, indigo-reducing strains, designated Bps-1T, Bps-2 and Bps-3, were isolated from an indigo fermentation liquor used for dyeing, which was produced from sukumo (composted Polygonum indigo leaves) obtained from a craft centre in Data City, Hokkaido, Japan, by using medium containing cellulase-treated sukumo. The 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogeny suggested that Bps-1T has a distinctive position among the alkaliphilic species of the genus Bacillus , with its closest neighbours being Bacillus pseudofirmus DSM 8715T, Bacillus lindianensis DSM 26864T and Bacillus alcalophilus DSM 485T (96.1, 95.8 and 95.5 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities, respectively). The 16S rRNA sequence of strain Bps-1T was identical to those of strains Bps-2 and Bps-3. Cells of the novel isolate were Gram-stain-positive and were facultatively anaerobic straight rods that were motile by means of a pair of flagella (subpolar and centre sides). Spherical endospores were formed in the terminal position. Strain Bps-1T grew between 18 and 40 °C with optimum growth at 33 °C. The isolate grew in the pH range 8‒11, with optimum growth at pH 9‒10. The isoprenoid quinone detected was menaquinone-7 (MK-7), and the DNA G+C content was 40.3 %. The whole-cell fatty acid profile (>10 %) mainly consisted of anteiso-C15 : 0, iso-C15 : 0 and C16 : 0. On the basis of the phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic data, the isolates represent a novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Paralkalibacillus indicireducens gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of this species is Bps-1T (JCM 31808T=NCIMB 15080T), with strains Bps-2 and Bps-3 representing additional strains of the species.
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Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant chitinolytic anaerobe of the family Ruminococcaceae
More LessA psychrotolerant chitinolytic bacterium, designated NC1253T, was isolated from Zoige wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. This strain was a Gram-stain-positive, spore-forming and rod-shaped anaerobe. NC1253T grew at 4–35 °C, at pH 6.0–8.5 and could grow on chitin as the only carbon resource. Phylogenetic analysis, based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, showed that strain NC1253T represented a novel bacterial genus within the family Ruminococcaceae . Strain NC1253T has less than 91.0 % similarity with other type strains, such as Harryflintia acetispora V20-281aT (90.9 %), Clostridium methylpentosum DSM 5476T (90.8 %), Anaerotruncus colihominis DSM 17241T (89.8 %), Eubacterium siraeum DSM 15702T (89.6 %), and Acetanaerobacterium elongatum Z7T (89.6 %). The major components of the cellular fatty acids were iso-C14 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. The genomic DNA G+C content was 35.4 mol%. Phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic characteristics allowed strain NC1253T to be clearly distinguished from genera in the family Ruminococcaceae . On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic data, the isolate is considered to represent a novel genus and novel species in the family Ruminococcaceae , for which the name Paludicola psychrotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. The type species is NC1253T (DSM 104738T=KCTC 15582T).
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Chryseomicrobium deserti sp. nov., isolated from desert soil in South Korea
More LessA Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped bacterium (THG-T1.18T) was isolated from desert soil. Growth occurred at 20–35 °C (optimum 28–30 °C), at pH 5–7 (optimum 7) and at 0–4 % NaCl (optimum 0–1 %). Based on 16S rRNA sequence analysis, the nearest phylogenetic neighbours of strain THG-T1.18T were identified as Chryseomicrobium amylolyticum DSM 23442T (96.6 %), Chryseomicrobium imtechense JCM 16573T (96.3 %) and Chryseomicrobium aureum KACC 17219T (96.1 %). The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, two unidentified aminolipids and one unidentified glycolipid. The quinone system was composed of MK-7, MK-8 and MK-6. The major fatty acids were iso C15 : 0 and anteiso C15 : 0. The type of peptidoglycan was A4β, containing of l-Orn–D-Glu. The DNA G+C content of strain THG-T1.18T was 50.4 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain THG-T1.18T and C. amylolyticum DSM 23442T, C. imtechense JCM 16573T, C. aureum KACC 17219T were 24.7 % (20.1 % reciprocal analysis), 19.5 % (16.1 %) and 10.4 % (6.7 %) respectively. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis, chemotaxonomic data, physiological characteristics and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain THG-T1.18T represents a novel species of the genus Chryseomicrobium , for which the name Chryseomicrobium deserti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-T1.18T (=KACC 18929T=CCTCC AB 2016179T).
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Description of Anaerotignum aminivorans gen. nov., sp. nov., a strictly anaerobic, amino-acid-decomposing bacterium isolated from a methanogenic reactor, and reclassification of Clostridium propionicum, Clostridium neopropionicum and Clostridium lactatifermentans as species of the genus Anaerotignum
More LessA strictly anaerobic bacterial strain (SH021T) was isolated from a methanogenic reactor. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, motile, straight or slightly curved rods. The optimum temperature for growth was 35 °C, and the optimum pH was 6.1–7.7. The strain was asaccharolytic and utilized amino acids as growth substrates. The strain produced acetate and propionate from l-alanine and l-serine, and propionate and butyrate from l-threonine. Branched-chain amino acids (l-isoleucine, l-leucine and l-valine) were utilized weakly, and isovalerate or isobutyrate was produced. Strain SH021T utilized pyruvate and lactate, and converted them to acetate and propionate. The genomic DNA G+C content was 38.2 mol%. Compounds related to iso-C15 : 0 were detected as major components in the cellular fatty acids analysis. The diagnostic diamino acid of the cell-wall peptidoglycan was meso-diaminopimelic acid. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, the most closely related known species were Clostridium propionicum , Clostridium neopropionicum and Clostridium lactatifermentans in cluster XIVb of the class Clostridia . Based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic data, Anaerotignum aminivorans gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate strain SH021T (=JCM 31556T=DSM 103575T). For the three related species of the genus Clostridium , Anaerotignum propionicum comb. nov. (type strain DSM 1682T=JCM 1430T=ATCC 25522T=CCUG 9280T=NCIMB 10656T=VPI 5303T), Anaerotignum neopropionicum comb. nov. (type strain X4T=DSM 3847T=KCTC 15564T) and Anaerotignum lactatifermentans comb. nov. (type strain G17T=DSM 14214T=LMG 20954T) are proposed with emended descriptions of these species.
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Volumes and issues
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Volume 74 (2024)
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Volume 73 (2023)
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Volume 72 (2022 - 2023)
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Volume 71 (2020 - 2021)
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Volume 70 (2020)
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Volume 69 (2019)
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Volume 68 (2018)
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Volume 67 (2017)
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Volume 66 (2016)
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Volume 65 (2015)
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Volume 64 (2014)
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Volume 63 (2013)
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Volume 62 (2012)
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Volume 61 (2011)
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Volume 60 (2010)
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Volume 59 (2009)
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Volume 58 (2008)
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Volume 57 (2007)
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Volume 56 (2006)
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Volume 55 (2005)
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Volume 54 (2004)
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Volume 53 (2003)
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Volume 52 (2002)
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Volume 51 (2001)
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Volume 50 (2000)
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Volume 49 (1999)
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Volume 48 (1998)
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Volume 47 (1997)
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Volume 46 (1996)
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Volume 45 (1995)
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Volume 44 (1994)
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Volume 43 (1993)
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Volume 42 (1992)
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Volume 41 (1991)
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Volume 40 (1990)
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Volume 39 (1989)
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Volume 38 (1988)
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Volume 37 (1987)
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Volume 36 (1986)
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Volume 35 (1985)
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Volume 34 (1984)
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Volume 33 (1983)
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Volume 32 (1982)
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Volume 31 (1981)
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Volume 30 (1980)
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Volume 29 (1979)
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Volume 28 (1978)
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Volume 27 (1977)
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Volume 26 (1976)
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Volume 25 (1975)
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Volume 24 (1974)
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Volume 23 (1973)
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Volume 22 (1972)
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Volume 21 (1971)
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Volume 20 (1970)
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Volume 19 (1969)
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Volume 18 (1968)
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Volume 17 (1967)
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Volume 16 (1966)
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Volume 15 (1965)
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Volume 14 (1964)
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Volume 13 (1963)
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Volume 12 (1962)
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Volume 11 (1961)
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Volume 10 (1960)
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Volume 9 (1959)
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Volume 8 (1958)
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Volume 7 (1957)
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Volume 6 (1956)
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Volume 5 (1955)
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Volume 4 (1954)
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Volume 3 (1953)
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Volume 2 (1952)
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Volume 1 (1951)